The subject of earthquake resistant houses came up once again after the 10 and 7.7 earthquakes affecting Kahramanmaraş and 7.6 provinces. Our country is an earthquake country. There have been many earthquakes in our history and today in this Anatolian lands, where fault lines are intense. Since we cannot escape the reality of earthquakes, we need to make our buildings strong against earthquakes. It has also been a matter of great curiosity how the earthquake-resistant building is. So, what are the basic features of earthquake resistant buildings?
In order to create an earthquake resistant building, the ground of the building is very important. An earthquake resistant building consists of quality materials.
First of all, it is very important to determine the fault line for an earthquake resistant building. Building the house directly on the fault line is considered wrong behavior. At the same time, the point where the house will be built is also important at this point. So, what are the basic features of earthquake resistant buildings?
1. PROJECT PHASE OF THE BUILDING
In order to design an earthquake resistant structure, it must be created by a competent architect and engineers. Especially the structures that are not built in accordance with the floor plan are frequently encountered situations.
2. WATERPROOFING
One of the important factors that makes a beer durable is that it is protected against water. One of the factors that protect correctly designed waterproofed buildings against earthquakes.
3. USE OF QUALITY MATERIAL
The quality of materials such as iron, steel and concrete used during construction and the inspections made in this regard are the most critical factors of a house in terms of earthquake resistance.
4. BASIC COLUMNS
Columns that carry and sustain a building for a long time. It is one of the important issues that should not be neglected in the construction of earthquake resistant structures with the ground examinations made before the construction process.
In addition, checking the columns of the houses is an important detail. If there is a crack in the columns or a section of the column cut to use the space more efficiently, the foundation of the building should be examined.
5. DAMAGE REPORT
If a building has recently suffered an earthquake, a damage report should be issued for the structure. This report indicates the condition of the building and whether it needs maintenance.
6. DURABILITY TEST
It is one of the determining factors that a building that has been built and has been used for a while, has passed earthquake resistance controls and tested its durability.
7. SHOCK ABSORBERS
With the developing technology, some buildings have been equipped with shock absorbing systems. Just like shock absorbers that control unwanted vibrations in motor vehicles, shock absorbers convert kinetic energy into heat energy absorbed by a hydraulic fluid and reduce vibrations.
9. EARTHQUAKE INSULATION
One of the new techniques, earthquake insulation, flexible insulators are placed between the building foundation and the superstructure, and the building flexes the effects of the earthquake. For the insulation system, the building is built on flexible cushions made of steel, rubber and lead, so that when the earthquake shakes, these cushions stretch and the deformation of the building's superstructure remains limited.
The earthquake insulation system developed by Japanese engineers, in other words, is likened to lifting the building on airbags.
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