Today in History: Halide Edib Adıvar Wins Art Award for Her Novel Sinekli Grocery

February 22 is the 53nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 312.

Railways

• 22 February Completion of Afule-Cenin (1912 km) part of 17 Jerusalem branch was completed.

Events

• 1632 – Galileo's, “Conversations on the Two-Universe System” his work was published.
• 1819 - Spain sells Florida to the United States for $5 million.
• 1848 - Workers revolt in Paris. The epoch of workers' revolutions broke out, which for two years would turn Europe upside down.
• 1855 - Pennsylvania State University was founded.
• 1865 - Tennessee adopts a new constitution abolishing slavery.
• 1876 ​​– Johns Hopkins University is founded in Baltimore (Maryland).
• 1889 - U.S. President Grover Cleveland signs law announcing the joining of the U.S. states of North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, and Washington.
• 1933 – To Mr. Naci, who worked at the Wagon-Li Company, for speaking Turkish on the phone; Penalty was given, declaring that “the official language of the company is French”. This caused the Wagon-Li Incident to begin.
• 1942 - Halide Edib Adıvar won the "Art Award" of the CHP with her novel "Sinekli Grocery".
• 1942 – Austrian writer Stefan Zweig committed suicide with his wife in Petropolis, Brazil.
• 1943 - Members of the White Rose movement are executed by the Nazis.
• 1944 – US warplanes accidentally bomb the Dutch cities of Nijmegen, Arnhem, Enschede and Deventer; 800 people died in Nijmegen alone.
• 1948 – Interuniversity Council convened. In the Board, it was decided to expel the “leftist professors” from Ankara University.
• 1948 – Beginning of the Czechoslovakian revolution.
• 1950 – Supreme Election Board was established.
• 1956 - Elvis Presley entered the music charts with his song "Heartbreak Hotel".
• 1958 - Jamal Abdünnasser was elected President of the United Arab Republic.
• 1962 – February 22, 1962 uprising: Colonel Talat Aydemir and his friends, Commander of the Military Academy in Ankara, wanted to stage a government coup, but the uprising was suppressed and the participating officers were retired. Some high-ranking officers have changed their places of duty. The government pardoned the putschists on April 30, in line with its promise.
• 1972 – United States President Richard Nixon visited China. Nixon insisted that the country join the United Nations (UN).
• 1972 – The first “free shop”, where passengers arriving by plane can do duty-free shopping, was opened at Yeşilköy Airport.
• 1980 – Martial law is declared in Kabul, Afghanistan, over anti-Soviet riots.
• 1980 – The Council of State stopped the decision to shut down the police officers' organization Pol-Der. The Council of State stated that the decision to close or ban the association could not be taken by the Administration.
• 1986 – The first big rally after 12 September was held in İzmir. 50 thousand workers attended the rally organized by the Confederation of Turkish Trade Unions (Türk-İş).
• 1988 – Minister of Justice Oltan Sungurlu said that the obligation to wear a uniform in prisons has been lifted.
• 1991 - Iraqi forces set fire to oil fields in Kuwait.
• 1994 – The Turkish contingent, having completed its mission in Somalia, returned to Turkey.
• 1999 – TV 8 started broadcasting.
• 2000 – Italian journalist Dino Giovanni Frisullo, who was on trial for causing an incident in Diyarbakır, was not taken to Turkey, where he had come to testify, and was deported.
• 2002 - Angola's rebel leader, Jonas Savimbi, is killed by troops.
• 2005 - Brian Welch, one of the two founding members of the Korn group, left the group, citing religious reasons.
• 2008 – It was announced that the Turkish Armed Forces launched a cross-border ground operation, supported by the Air Force, on February 21, 2008, at 19.00, in order to neutralize the PKK/KONGRA-GEL members stationed in northern Iraq and to render the organizational infrastructure in the region unusable.
• 2009 – An explosion at a coal mine in northern China killed 73 miners and left dozens stranded in galleries.
• 22 February 2020 Menemen Aliağa Çandarlı Motorway was opened with a ceremony

Births

• 272 – Constantine I (Constantine the Great), Roman emperor (d. 337)
• 1040 – Rashi, Jewish religious scholar (d. 1105)
• 1302 – Kegen Khan, 5th Yuan Dynasty and Emperor of China (d. 1323)
• 1403 – VII. Charles, monarch of the House of Valois (d. 1461)
• 1514 – Tahmasb I, second Shah of the Safavid State (d. 1576)
• 1732 – George Washington, first President of the United States (d. 1799)
• 1771 – Vincenzo Camuccini, Italian painter (d. 1844)
• 1785 – Jean Charles Athanase Peltier, French physicist (d. 1845)
• 1788 – Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher (d. 1860)
• 1809 – Karl Heinzen, German revolutionary writer (d. 1880)
• 1810 – Frederic Chopin, Polish pianist and composer (d. 1849)
• 1821 – Ludmilla Assing, German writer (d. 1880)
• 1824 – Pierre Janssen, French astronomer (d. 1907)
• 1840 – August Bebel, German social democrat and co-founder of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (d. 1913)
• 1849 – Nikolay Yakovlevich Sonin, Russian mathematician (d. 1915)
• 1857 – Heinrich Hertz, German physicist (d. 1894)
• 1857 – Robert Baden-Powell, British soldier, Scout leader and founder of Scouting (d. 1941)
• 1863 Charles McLean Andrews, American historian (d. 1943)
• 1875 – Ernst Jaeckh, German writer and academic (d. 1959)
• 1879 – Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted, Danish physical chemist (d. 1947)
• 1879 – Norman Lindsay, Australian sculptor, engraver, painter, writer, art critic, and illustrator (d. 1969)
• 1880 – James Reese Europe, American Ragtime and early Jazz composer, bandleader, and arranger (d. 1919)
• 1882 – Eric Gill, British sculptor and typeface designer (d. 1940)
• 1886 Hugo Ball, German writer and poet (d. 1927)
• 1889 – RG Collingwood, English philosopher and historian (d. 1943)
• 1891 – Vlas Chubar, Bolshevik revolutionary (d. 1939)
• 1891 – Ekrem Cemilpaşa, Kurdish politician (d. 1974)
• 1895 – Víctor Raúl Haya de la Torre, Peruvian politician (d. 1979)
• 1897 – Leonid Govorov, member of the Supreme Soviet and Deputy Minister of Defense (d. 1955)
• 1898 – Karl Koller, Chief of Staff of the Luftwaffe Nazi Germany (d. 1951)
• 1900 – Luis Buñuel, Spanish director and screenwriter (d. 1983)
• 1909 – Aleksandr Pechersky, leader who survived the Nazi crimes against Soviet prisoners of war on October 14, 1943, and was one of the organizers of the mass escape from the Sobibor Extermination Camp (d. 1990)
• 1915 – Suavi Tedü, Turkish actor, director and screenwriter (d. 1959)
• 1921 – Giulietta Masina, Italian actress (d. 1994)
• 1921 – Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (d. 1996)
• 1932 – Ted Kennedy, US Senator from Massachusetts (d. 2009)
• 1937 – Ege Bagatur, Turkish politician (d. 1990)
• 1938 – Taha Yasin Ramazan, Iraqi politician (d. 2007)
• 1942 – Paulo Henrique Amorim, Brazilian journalist (d. 2019)
• 1942 – Lige Clarke, American LGBT rights activist and journalist (d. 1975)
• 1943 – Horst Köhler, German economist and politician (former IMF Director and President of Germany)
• 1943 – Terry Eagleton, Irish-English academic, author, and literary theorist
• 1944 – Jonathan Demme, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2017)
• 1949 – Niki Lauda, ​​Austrian Formula 1 driver (d. 2019)
• 1950 - Julie Walters, English actress
• 1951 – Leman Sam, Turkish singer
• 1958 – Saban Dişli, Turkish politician
• 1962 – Steve Irwin, Australian documentary filmmaker and Crocodile Hunter (d. 2006)
• 1963 – Jan Olde Riekerink, Dutch football player and manager
• 1964 – Mesut Akusta, Turkish actor
• 1968 - Jeri Ryan, American actress
• 1969 – Joaquín Cortés, Spanish ballet dancer, flamenco dancer, and actor
• 1972 – Duane Swierczynski, American journalist and author
• 1974 – James Blunt, English singer and composer
• 1975 – Drew Barrymore, American actor
• 1976 – Bülent Seyran, Turkish theater, cinema, TV series and advertising actor
• 1977 – Hakan Yakin, Turkish-Swiss football player
• 1977 – Tolga Özkalfa, Turkish football referee
• 1982 – Jenna Haze, American porn star
• 1983 - Alanzinho, Brazilian football player
• 1986 – Rajon Rondo, American professional basketball player
• 1987 – Han Hyo-joo, South Korean actress
• 1989 - Franco Vázquez is an Argentine football player.
• 1991 – Dilara Tongar, Turkish basketball player
• 1992 – Li Shanshan, Chinese artistic gymnast

Deaths

• 970 – García Sánchez I, medieval king of Pamplona (925 – 970) (b. 919)
• 1297 – Margherita of Cortona, an Italian saint and mystic (b. 1247)
• 1371 – II. David, king of Scotland (b. 1324)
• 1512 – Amerigo Vespucci, Italian merchant and explorer (b. 1454)
• 1636 – Santorio Santorio, Italian physician (b. 1561)
• 1690 – Charles Le Brun, French painter (b. 1619)
• 1727 – Francesco Gasparini, Italian baroque composer (b. 1661)
• 1797 – Baron Münchhausen, German writer (b. 1720)
• 1810 – Charles Brockden Brown, American novelist and newspaper writer (b. 1771)
• 1816 – Adam Ferguson, Scottish Enlightenment philosopher and historian (b. 1723)
• 1827 – Charles Willson Peale, American painter, soldier, and naturalist (b. 1741)
• 1868 – Emmanuele Antonio Cicogna, Italian bibliographer, priest, jurist (b. 1789)
• 1875 – Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, French impressionist painter (b. 1796)
• 1875 – Charles Lyell, Scottish geologist (b. 1797)
• 1890 – Dmitry Bakradze, Georgian historian, archaeologist and ethnographer (b. 1826)
• 1913 – Ferdinand de Saussure, Swiss linguist (who laid the foundations of 20th century linguistics with his views on the structure of language) (b. 1857)
• 1913 – ‎Francisco I. Madero‎‎‎, Mexican politician, Mexican president, and writer (b. 1873)
• 1919 – Francisco Pascasio Moreno, Argentine explorer, anthropologist, and geologist (b. 1852)
• 1920 – Mardiros Minakyan, Armenian-born Turkish theater actor and director (b. 1839)
• 1923 – Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852)
• 1942 – Vera Viktorovna Timanova was a Russian pianist (b. 1855)
• 1942 – Stefan Zweig, Austrian writer (suicide) (b. 1881)
• 1975 – Nejdet Sançar, Turkish educator and writer (b. 1910)
• 1975 – Mordechai Namir, Israeli politician (b. 1897)
• 1976 – Michael Polanyi, Hungarian philosopher (b. 1891)
• 1980 – Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian expressionist painter, poet and playwright (b. 1886)
• 1985 – Efrem Zimbalist, Russian violin virtuoso, composer and orchestra director (b. 1889)
• 1987 – Andy Warhol, American Pop Art artist (b. 1928)
• 1988 – Cavit Çağla, Turkish composer
• 1992 – Markos Vafiadis, co-founder of the Communist Party of Greece and commander of the Democratic Army in the Greek Civil War (b. 1906)
• 2002 – Chuck Jones, American animator, screenwriter, film producer, and film director (b. 1912)
• 2003 – Daniel Taradash, American screenwriter (b. 1913)
• 2004 – Roque Máspoli, Uruguayan football player and manager (b. 1917)
• 2005 – Simone Simon, French actress (b. 1910)
• 2006 – Suzan Kahramaner, one of Turkey's first female mathematicians (b. 1913)
• 2007 – Dennis Johnson, former American professional basketball player (b. 1954)
• 2009 – Turgut Cansever, Turkish architect and writer (b. 1921)
• 2012 – Yusuf Kurçenli, Turkish film director and screenwriter (b. 1947)
• 2013 – Enver Ören, Turkish academic, businessman and founder of İhlas Holding (b. 1939)
• 2014 – Charlotte Dawson, New Zealand-born Australian model and TV presenter (b. 1966)
• 2015 – Chris Rainbow, Scottish rock singer (b. 1946)
• 2016 – Cristiana Corsi, Italian taekwondo player (b. 1976)
• 2016 – Yolande Fox, American model and opera singer (b. 1928)
• 2016 – Cara McCollum, American journalist, model (b. 1992)
• 2016 – Douglas Slocombe, British cinematographer (b. 1913)
• 2017 – Kenneth Arrow, American economist and Nobel Prize laureate in Economics (b. 1921)
• 2017 – Ricardo Domínguez, Mexican boxer (b. 1985)
• 2017 – Fritz Koenig, German sculptor (b. 1924)
• 2017 – Nikos Koundouros, Greek film director (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Aleksey Petrenko is a Soviet-Russian theater, film and television actor (b. 1938)
• 2018 – Nanette Fabray, American actress and comedian (b. 1920)
• 2018 – Forges is a Spanish graphic artist, animator and illustrator (b. 1942)
• 2018 – László Tahi Tóth is a Kossuth Prize-winning Hungarian theatre, film and television actor (b. 1944)
• 2018 – Richard E. Taylor, Canadian physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1929)
• 2019 – Jeff Adachi, Japanese-American politician, activist, and lawyer (b. 1959)
• 2019 – Frank Ballance, American politician and lawyer (b. 1942)
• 2019 – Victor J. Banis, American author (b. 1937)
• 2019 – Clark James Gable, American actor, model, and producer (b. 1988)
• 2019 – Brody Stevens, well-known American stand-up comedian and actor (b. 1970)
• 2019 – Morgan Woodward, American actress (b. 1925)
• 2020 – Krishna Bose, Indian female politician, educator, author (b. 1930)
• 2020 – June Dally-Watkins, Australian woman, educator and model (b. 1927)
• 2020 – Maryan Plakhetko, Ukrainian-Soviet former professional football player (b. 1945)
• 2020 – B. Smith, American restaurateur, model, author, businessman, and television host (b. 1949)
• 2021 – Luca Attanasio, Italian diplomat (b. 1977)
• 2021 – Raymond Cauchetier, was a French photographer (b. 1920)
• 2021 – Hipólito Chaiña Contreras, Peruvian politician and physicist (b. 1954)
• 2021 – Lawrence Ferlinghetti, American poet and painter (b. 1919)
• 2021 – Yekaterina Gradova, Soviet-Russian actress (b. 1946)
• 2021 – Anis al-Nakkash, Lebanese guerrilla fighter (b. 1951)

Holidays and special occasions

• world scout thought day