Today in History: Paraguay Gains Independence from Spain

May 14 is the 134nd day of the year (135rd in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 231 days left until the end of the year.

• 1560 – The Ottoman navy under the command of Piyale Pasha won the Battle of Djerba.
• 1643 – XIV. Louis, his father, King XIII. Upon Louis' death, he ascended the throne of France at the age of four.
• 1767 – The American War of Independence began when the British Government imposed a tax on imported tea.
• 1796 - Edward Jenner administered the first smallpox vaccine.
• 1811 - Paraguay gained its independence from Spain.
• 1839 – It was accepted and declared as "Pharmacy Day" based on the date when the first pharmacist class was opened in Mekteb-i Tıbbiye-i Şahane.
• 1861 – The “Canellas Meteorite”, a chondrite type meteorite weighing 859 grams, crashed into the earth near Barcelona, ​​Spain.
• 1919 – Admiral Caltrop, the commander of the Allied navy in the port of Izmir, informed the Turkish army that Izmir would be occupied by the Greeks.
• 1919 – Patriots of Izmir accepted the principle of Rejection and Annexation by gathering at the Jewish Cemetery at night.
• 1937 – The law establishing the Ministry of Agriculture was accepted.
• 1939 - Lina Medina, who gave birth in Peru at the age of 5, became the youngest recorded mother in medical history.
• 1940 – II. World War II: The Netherlands is occupied by the German Air Force. The Rotterdam Bombardment has begun.
• 1946 – Socialist Party of Turkey was founded. Attorney Esat Adil Müstecaplıoğlu was elected as the chairman.
• 1948 – The British Mandate for Palestine ended and Israel declared independence. The same day, it was attacked by Arab states, beginning the First Arab-Israeli War.
• 1950 – 27 years of Republican People's Party government came to an end. The Democratic Party came to power alone with 53 percent of the vote. The single-party era in Turkey has come to an end.
• 1955 – Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union sign the Warsaw Pact, which includes a new military alliance.
• 1970 – A radical leftist organization called the Red Army Faction (Baader-Meinhof Group) is founded in Germany.
• 1972 – Bülent Ecevit was elected as the third Chairman of the CHP, after Atatürk and İsmet İnönü, at the CHP congress.
• 1973 – Skylab, the USA's first space station, was launched.
• 1974 – General amnesty for those arrested during the 12 March military intervention. Articles 141 and 142 were excluded.
• 1984 – The premiere of Peter Ustinov's film, which adapted Yaşar Kemal's novel “İnce Memed” to the cinema, was held in London.
• 1985 – Hüsamettin Cindoruk was elected Chairman of the True Path Party. Cindoruk said, “I will not hand over this trust to anyone. I'll just hand it over to its owner." said. The nickname of the new Chairman was "the trustee".
• 1987 – The Turkish Grand National Assembly adopted the constitutional amendment, holding a referendum on political prohibitions, increasing the number of deputies to 450 and lowering the voting age to 20.
• 1994 – Legendary MacGyver The movie named “Lost Treasure of Atlantis” from the TV series was screened in Turkey.
• 1997 – The Council of State accepted the demand of Bergama villagers to end gold production with cyanide.
• 1998 – The final episode of the Emmy Award-winning American sitcom Seinfeld is broadcast on NBC. The series has been on the air for 9 years.
• 2006 – Galatasaray won its 16th Championship in the Süper Lig.
• 2010 – 21 friendship agreements were signed between Turkey and Greece, envisaging political, commercial and cultural cooperation.
• 2010 – Space Shuttle Atlantis makes its final voyage.^[1]
• 2013 – Demi Lovato's album DEMI is released.
• 2014 – National mourning was declared for 13 miners who died in the mining accident in Soma on 301 May in Turkey.
• 2023 – The 13th Presidential and 28th Term Parliamentary elections of the Republic of Turkey were held. As no candidate could pass the 50% threshold, the election went to the 2nd Round.

• 1710 – Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden (d. 1771)
• 1725 – Ludovico Manin, Republic of Venice between 1789-1797 “Doç (d. 1802)
• 1727 – Thomas Gainsborough, English painter (d. 1788)
• 1771 – Robert Owen, Welsh reformer and socialist (d. 1858)
• 1836 – Wilhelm Steinitz, Czech-American world chess champion (d. 1900)
• 1858 – Anthon van Rappard, Dutch painter (d. 1892)
• 1867 – Kurt Eisner, German politician, revolutionary, journalist and theater critic (d. 1919)
• 1869 Arthur Rostron, English sailor (d. 1940)
• 1880 – Wilhelm List, German military officer and Generalfield Marshal of Nazi Germany (d. 1971)
• 1897 – Sidney Bechet, American jazz saxophonist, clarinetist and composer (d. 1959)
• 1904 – Hans Albert Einstein, Swiss-American engineer and teacher (d. 1973)
• 1904 – Marcel Junod, Swiss physician, International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) delegate (d. 1961)
• 1905 – Jean Daniélou, French Jesuit patrolologist proclaimed Cardinal (d. 1974)
• 1907 – Mohammed Ayub Khan, Pakistani soldier and politician (d. 1974)
• 1909 – Godfrey Lionel Rampling, English athlete and officer (d. 2009)
• 1918 – Marie Smith, last Eyak speaker (d. 2008)
• 1922 – Franjo Tuđman, first President of Croatia (d. 1999)
• 1928 – Jean Jacques Becker, French historian and contemporary history expert (d. 2023)
• 1930 – Bonifácio José Tamm de Andrada, Brazilian politician, legal scholar, and journalist (d. 2021)
• 1930 – María Irene Fornés, German writer (d. 2018)
• 1931 – Alvin Lucier, American composer and educator (d. 2021)
• 1934 – Can Kolukısa, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1935 – Ivan Dimitrov, Bulgarian football player (d. 2019)
• 1936 – Mahiru Akdağ, Turkish volleyball player and lawyer (d. 2020)
• 1939 – Çevik Bir, Turkish soldier 2nd Chief of General Staff
• 1939 – Çiğdem Selışık Onat, Turkish theater and film actress
• 1943 – Jack Bruce, Scottish rock musician (d. 2014)
• 1943 – Olafur Ragnar Grimsson, Icelandic politician
• 1944 – George Lucas, American film director
• 1945 - Francesca Annis, English actress
• 1945 – Vladislav Ardzinba, Abkhazian politician (d. 2010)
• 1945 Yochanan Vollach, Israeli football player
• 1952 – David Byrne, Scottish-born musician living in the USA, co-founder of the New Wave band Talking Heads, active from 1975 to 1991
• 1952 – Robert Zemeckis, Academy Award-winning American director, producer, and writer
• 1953 – Tom Cochrane, Canadian musician
• 1953 – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia
• 1955 – Ali Doğru, Turkish businessman
• 1955 – Big Van Vader, American professional wrestler and former American Football player (d. 2018)
• 1957 – William G. Gregory, American retired NASA astronaut
• 1959 – Patrick Bruel, French singer and actor
• 1959 – Stefano Malinverni, Italian athlete (d. 2024)
• 1960 – Sinan Alaağaç, Turkish football player (d. 1985)
• 1961 – Tim Roth, English actor and director
• 1961 Alain Vigneault, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
• 1961 – Ulrike Folkerts, German actress
• 1964 – Abu Anas al-Libi, chief of Libyan al-Qaeda (d. 2015)
• 1965 – Eoin Colfer, Irish writer
• 1966 – Marianne Denicourt, French actress, director and screenwriter
• 1966 – Raphael Saadiq, American singer, songwriter, and musician
• 1967 – Jenny Schily, German actress
• 1969 - Cate Blanchett, Australian actress
• 1969 – Sabine Schmitz, German race car driver and television host (d. 2021)
• 1971 - Deanne Bray, American actress
• 1971 – Sofia Coppola, Academy Award-winning American director, actress, and producer
• 1973 – Hakan Unsal, Turkish football player
• 1975 – Rashid Atkins, American basketball player
• 1977 – Roy Halladay, American baseball player (d. 2017)
• 1977 – Pusha T, American rapper
• 1978 – André Macanga, Angolan national football player
• 1978 – Elisa Togut, Italian volleyball player
• 1978 – Gustavo Varela, Uruguayan national football player
• 1979 – Bleona Qereti, Albanian singer
• 1979 – Clinton Morrison, former Irish national football player
• 1979 – Carlos Tenorio, Ecuadorian national football player
• 1980 – Pavel Pondak, Estonian national football player
• 1980 – Zdeněk Grygera, Czech football player
• 1981 – Júlia Sebestyén, Hungarian figure skater
• 1982 – Ignacio Maria González, Uruguayan football player
• 1983 - Anahí, a singer-songwriter, Mexican and actress
• 1983 – Amber Tamblyn, American actress
• 1984 – Nigel Reo-Coker, English football player of Sierra Leone descent.
• 1984 - Olly Murs, English singer
• 1984 – Patrick Ochs, German football player
• 1984 – Michael Rensing, German football player
• 1984 – Hassan Yebda, Algerian national football player
• 1984 – Mark Zuckerberg, American computer programmer and businessman
• 1985 – Zack Ryder, American professional wrestler
• 1986 – Marco Motta, Italian national football player
• 1989 – Jon Leuer, American professional basketball player
• 1989 – Alina Talay, Belarusian sprinter
• 1990 – Emily Samuelson, American figure skater
• 1991 – Muhammed İldiz, Austrian-Turkish football player
• 1993 – Miranda Cosgrove, American actress and singer
• 1993 – Kristina Mladenovic, French professional tennis player
• 1994 – Marquinhos, Brazilian football player
• 1994 – Dennis Praet, Belgian national football player
• 1994 – Emmanouil Siopis, Greek football player
• 1995 – Bernardo is a Brazilian football player
• 1996 – Pokimane, Moroccan-Canadian Twitch streamer and YouTube celebrity
• 1996 – Martin Garrix, Dutch DJ
• 1997 – Rúben Dias, Portuguese international footballer
• 1998 – Taruni Sachdev, Indian child actor and model (d. 2012)

• 649 – Pope Theodorus I, pope (b. ?) from 24 November 642 until his death in 649.
• 964 – Pope XII. John, religious leader of the Catholic Church (b. 937)
• 1610 – IV. Henry, King of France (b. 1553)
• 1643 – XIII. Louis, King of France (b. 1601)
• 1756 – Eğrikapılı Mehmed Rasim, Ottoman calligrapher (b. 1688)
• 1863 – Émile Prudent, French pianist and composer (b. 1817)
• 1865 – Nâsif Maluf, Lebanese lexicographer (b. 1823)
• 1887 – Lysander Spooner, American political thinker, essayist and pamphlet author, unitarian, abolitionist (b. 1808)
• 1893 – Eduard Kummer, German Mathematician (b. 1810)
• 1906 – Carl Schurz, German revolutionary and statesman (b. 1829)
• 1912 – August Strindberg, Swedish playwright and novelist (b. 1849)
• 1916 – William Stanley, American physicist and inventor (b. 1858)
• 1928 – Abdulhamid Hamdi Bey, Turkish politician and clergyman (b. 1871)
• 1936 – Edmund Allenby, British general (b. 1861)
• 1940 – Emma Goldman, American anarchist writer (b. 1869)
• 1943 – Henri La Fontaine, Belgian lawyer (b. 1854)
• 1946 – Lee Kohlmar, German film director and actor (b. 1873)
• 1968 – Husband Kimmel, American commander (b. 1882)
• 1970 – Billie Burke, American actress (b. 1884)
• 1975 – Ernst Alexanderson, American electrical engineer (b. 1878)
• 1980 – Carl Ebert, German theater director and actor (b. 1887)
• 1980 – Hugh Griffith, Welsh actor (b. 1912)
• 1984 – Vasıf Öngören, Turkish playwright (b. 1938)
• 1987 – Rita Hayworth, American actress (b. 1918)
• 1991 – Jiang Qing, Mao Zedong's wife (b. 1914)
• 1994 – Cihat Arman, Turkish football player (Former goalkeeper of Fenerbahçe and the national team] (b. 1915)
• 1995 – Belkıs Dilligil, Turkish theater artist (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Frank Sinatra, American musician and Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actor (b. 1915)
• 2003 – Wendy Hiller, English actress (b. 1912)
• 2007 – Turan Yavuz, Turkish journalist (b. 1956)
• 2009 – Monica Bleibtreu, Austrian-born German actress (b. 1944)
• 2012 – Taruni Sachdev, Indian child actor and model (b. 1998)
• 2013 – Ingrid Visser, Dutch volleyball player (b. 1977)
• 2015 – BB King, American musician (b. 1925)
• 2016 – Balázs Birtalan, Hungarian poet, writer, psychotherapist and activist (b. 1969)
• 2016 – Lasse Mårtenson, Finnish singer, comedian, composer and actor (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Powers Boothe, American actor and voice actor (b. 1948)
• 2017 – Frank Brian, American former professional basketball player (b. 1923)
• 2017 – Brad Gray, American film and television producer (b. 1957)
• 2017 – Bruce Hill, American speedway driver (b. 1949)
• 2017 – Tom McClung, American jazz pianist and composer (b. 1957)
• 2018 – Doug Ford, American golfer (b. 1922)
• 2018 – Tom Wolfe, American journalist and author (b. 1930)
• 2019 – Yuri Bohutsky, Ukrainian politician and former minister (b.1952)
• 2019 – Leopoldo Brizuela, Argentine journalist, poet and translator (b. 1963)
• 2019 – Tim Conway, American comedian and actor (b. 1933)
• 2019 – Sven Lindqvist, Swedish writer (b. 1932)
• 2019 – Étienne Perruchon, French soundtrack composer (b. 1958)
• 2019 – Alice Rivlin, American economist and politician (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Anisuzzaman, Bangladeshi educator, author, activist, and academic (b. 1937)
• 2020 – Teresa Aquino-Oreta, Filipino Liberal politician (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Hans Cohen, Dutch microbiologist (b. 1923)
• 2020 – Phyllis George, American actress, television host, businessperson, and former model (b. 1949)
• 2020 – Joey Giambra, Italian-American jazz musician (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Sally Rowley, American jewelry maker and civil rights activist (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Jorge Santana, Mexican musician (b. 1951)
• 2021 – Jaime Garza, Mexican actor (b. 1954)
• 2021 – Ester Mägi, Estonian-Soviet composer (b. 1922)
• 2022 – Maxi Rolón, Argentine professional football player (b. 1995)
• 2022 – Francesco Zerrillo, Italian Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1931)
• 2024 – Ayten Gökçer, Turkish cinema and theater actress (b. 1940)

• World Farmers Day
• World Pharmacy Day