Ms. Makbule from Gördes (Born in 1902, Gördes, Manisa – Date of death on March 17, 1922, Akkocalı, Akhisar) is a Turkish woman who died while fighting the Greeks who occupied İzmir and its surroundings during the Turkish War of Independence.

While Makbule was married for only one year, she joined the Kuvay-i Milliye with her husband. He joined the Turkish resistance gangs with his wife Halil Efe on November 15, 1919, after the Greek army occupied İzmir and started to occupy Western Anatolia on May 7, 1921. She was involved in clashes with Greek forces. When the Greeks lost the Battle of Sakarya and retreated to the Afyon positions, they were also faced with the attacks of Halil Efe's gang operating in the Gördes-Sındırgı-Akhisar region. He was shot in the head and died in the Kocayayla locality around Şahinkaya Village and Akkocalı Village, when he stepped forward to encourage his comrades who had retreated during the raid. In order to keep his memory alive, his name has been given to many buildings, primary and secondary schools throughout Turkey.

March 17 is the 76th day of the year (77st in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 289 days remaining until the end of the year.

Railways

17 March 1925 Law no. 787 on the construction of the Kayseri-Ulukışla line Law on the construction of the railway between Arada-Diyarbakır-Ergani Law No. 794 and 929 numbered State Railways Law of Expropriation dated the same date.

Events

1756 – St. Patrick's Day, a festival celebrated in honor of St. Patrick (385-461), one of the patron saints of Ireland, is also celebrated in New York for the first time.
1776 – American Revolution: British forces are forced to leave Boston after George Washington and Henry Knox deploy artillery on the hills overlooking the city.
1816 – The 38-tonne 'Elise' steamboat became the first steamboat to cross the English Channel under captain Pierre Andriel.
1845 - The rubber band used in small packages is patented.
1861 - Italy establishes its national unity.
1891 – Ahmed İhsan Tokgöz, Servet-i Fünun founded the magazine.
1901 - Van Gogh's paintings began to be exhibited at the Bernheim-Jeune gallery in Paris. The artist, who committed suicide in 1890, was able to sell only one painting in his lifetime.
1915 – Battle of Gallipoli: Admiral Sackville Carden, Commander of the Royal Navy, resigns.
1920 – The British withdrew from Eskişehir and Afyon.
1921 – The first birth control clinic opened in London. Those who applied to the clinic were given protection tools at low cost.
1926 – The “Law on the Establishment of the Iron Industry” was accepted in the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
1927 - In Italy, a law was passed for the heavy taxpayer to pay heavy taxes on singles.
1941 – German submarine captain Otto Kretschmer's submarine is sunk and captured.
1944 – The law on the liquidation of the Wealth Tax came into effect.
1948 – Belgium, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom and Luxembourg signed the Brussels Treaty for 50 years and the Western European Union was established.
1954 – Eliminating Spain as a result of the draw, the Turkish national football team qualified to participate in the FIFA World Cup.
1961 – Construction of Vicente Calderón Stadium began.
1965 – The Turkish-Israeli Trade Agreement with a volume of 30 million dollars was signed.
1966 – The research-rescue submarine “Alvin” belonging to the US Navy found the lost US hydrogen bomb off the coast of Spain.
1968 – The first domestic telephone devices made in the telephone factory established with the cooperation of the PTT and Northern Electric company were put on sale for 157 liras.
1969 - Golda Meir becomes Israel's first female Prime Minister.
1970 – My Lai massacre: The US Army investigates 14 officers for trying to cover up the incident.
1972 – Eti Gıda San. ve Tic. Inc. It was established in Eskişehir.
1980 – The Process Leading to the 12 September 1980 Coup in Turkey (1979 - 12 September 1980): Ankara Martial Law Commander spoke at the Martial Law Coordination Meeting: “The Turkish Chamber of Architects and Engineers, in our opinion, is a place with a criminal record. Mahmut Esat Güven, who was sentenced to 24 years in prison for murder, was caught with two pistols while giving lectures to many parliamentarians.”
1985 – Two famous playwrights, Arthur Miller and Harold Pinter, came to Turkey to visit the imprisoned Writers International.
1995 – A coup attempt in Azerbaijan, launched on 15 March and involving Turkey as well, was suppressed. 400 people were killed, including the Commander of the OMON Troops, Colonel Rushen Cevadov, who wanted to overthrow President Heydar Aliyev.
1995 - Michael Jordan decided to return to basketball.
The 2020 – 2020 European Football Championship has been postponed to 2021 due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Births

763 – Harun Rashid, 5th Caliph of the Abbasids (d. 809)
1231 – Shijō, Emperor of Japan (d. 1242)
1473 – IV. James, King of Scots (d. 1513)
1548 – Honda Tadakatsu, Japanese samurai and daimyō (d. 1610)
1600 – Alexei Trubetskoy, one of the last members of the Trubetskoy Dynasty (d. 1680)
1685 – Jean-Marc Nattier, French painter (d. 1766)
1709 – Molla Veli Vidadi, Azerbaijani poet and clergyman (d. 1809)
1733 – Carsten Niebuhr, German mathematician, cartographer, and explorer (d. 1815)
1768 Kaʻahumanu, consort queen of the Hawaii Kingdom (d. 1832)
1834 – Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer (d. 1900)
1849 – Charles Francis Brush, American inventor, entrepreneur, and businessman (d. 1929)
1862 – Charles Laval, French painter (d. 1894)
1865 – Gabriel Narutowicz, Polish politician (d. 1922)
1866 – Alf Victor Guldberg, Norwegian mathematician (d. 1936)
1873 – Margaret Bondfield, English politician (d. 1953)
1874 – Stephen Samuel Wise, Jewish rabbi and Zionist leader (d. 1949)
1875 – Mike Bernard, American ragtime musician (d. 1936)
1877 – Otto Gross, Austrian psychoanalyst (d. 1920)
1879 – Sid Grauman, American entertainer (d. 1950)
1881 – Walter Rudolf Hess, Swiss physiologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1973)
1888 – Paul Ramadier, French Prime Minister (d. 1961)
1888 Nugent Slaughter, American musician (d. 1968)
1896 – Tajulmuluk, Queen of Iran (d. 1982)
1900 – Manuel Plaza, Chilean athlete (d. 1969)
1902 – Bobby Jones, American golfer (d. 1971)
1919 – Nathaniel Adams Coles, American jazz musician (d. 1965)
1920 – Mujibur Rahman, first Prime Minister and President of Bangladesh (d. 1975)
1925 – Mansour Rahbani, Lebanese musician and composer (d. 2009)
1928 – Neriman Köksal, Turkish film actor (d. 1999)
1928 – Jean Panisse, French actor (d. 2021)
1929 – Peter Ludwig Berger, American sociologist and theologian (d. 2017)
1933 – Asa Lanova, Swiss ballet dancer and writer (d. 2017)
1937 – Ramdas Agarwal, Indian politician (d. 2017)
1938 – Rudolf Nureyev, USSR (later Austrian) ballet dancer (d. 1993)
1939 – Atilla Dorsay, Turkish film critic, writer, journalist and architect
1939 – Giovanni Trapattoni, Italian football man
1940 – Ruşen Güneş, Turkish musician
1946 – Georges JF Kohler, German biologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1995)
1946 – Larry Langford, American politician (d. 2019)
1948 - William Gibson, American novelist
1950 – Mehmet Ali İrtemçelik, Turkish politician
1951 – Kurt Russell, American actor
1954 – Kazım Arslan, Turkish lawyer and politician (d. 2019)
1955 – Gary Sinise, American actor and film director
1961 – Dana Reeve, American actress and singer (d. 2006)
1962 – Kalpana Chawla, Indian-American astronaut (d. 2003)
1964 - Lee Dixon, English football player
1964 – Rob Lowe is an American actor, producer, and director.
1964 – Jacques Songo'o, Cameroonian national football player
1967 – Billy Corgan, American musician, songwriter, and composer
1969 – Alexander McQueen, English fashion designer and designer (d. 2010)
1972 – Mia Hamm, American women's international football player
1973 Caroline Corr, Irish singer
1975 – Puneeth Rajkumar, Indian actor, producer and singer (d. 2021)
1975 – Test, Canadian professional wrestler (d. 2009)
1976 – Stephen Gately, Irish singer (d. 2009)
1976 – Zita Molnár, Hungarian table tennis player
1976 – Álvaro Recoba, Uruguayan football player
1976 – Antoine van der Linden, Dutch football player
1979 – Stormy Daniels, American porn star, screenwriter, and director
1979 – Samoa Joe is a Samoan-American professional wrestler.
1981 – Dilek Özgür, Turkish model and actress
1981 – Servet Cetin, Turkish football player
1982 – Mamedali Karadanov, Turkmen football player
1983 – Raul Meireles, Portuguese football player
1985 – Tuğba Karademir, Turkish figure skater
1986 – Edin Džeko, Bosnian national football player
1987 – Federico Fazio, Argentine football player
1988 – Claire Elise Boucher, better known by her stage name Grimes, Canadian singer, songwriter, record producer, and music video director
1988 – Rasmus Elm is a Swedish former international football player.
1988 – Fraser Forster is an English footballer.
1989 - Shinji Kagawa, Japanese football player
1990 - Andrew Hozier-Byrne or simply Hozier, Irish singer
1992 – John boyega is a British-Nigerian actor and producer.
1997 – Katie Genevieve Ledecky, Czech-American swimmer

Deaths

45 BC – Titus Labienus, Roman soldier (b. circa 100 BC)
180 – Marcus Aurelius, Roman Emperor (b. 121)
624 – Abu Jahl, one of the leaders of Mecca (b. 556)
1008 – Kazan is the 65th emperor of Japan in the traditional succession order (b. 968)
1040 – Harold I, King of England (b. 1015)
1272 – Go-Saga, 88th emperor of Japan in traditional succession (b. 1220)
1361 – Hasan, Mamluk sultan of Turkish origin (b. 1334)
1425 – Ashikaga Yoshikazu, fifth shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate (b. 1407)
1642 – Jakub Zadzik, Secretary of the Grand Crown of Poland (b. 1582)
1650 – Carl Gyllenhielm, Swedish soldier and politician (b. 1574)
1680 – François de La Rochefoucauld, French writer (b. 1613)
1782 – Daniel Bernoulli, Dutch mathematician (b. 1700)
1826 – Ferdinand Bauer, Austrian botanical painter (b. 1760)
1830 – Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, Marshal and Marquess of France (b. 1764)
1831 – Napoleon Louis Bonaparte, last king of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from the Bonaparte Dynasty (b. 1804)
1846 – Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel, German astronomer and mathematician (b. 1784)
1849 – II. William, King of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Duke of Limburg (b.
1853 – Christian Andreas Doppler, Austrian mathematician and physicist (b. 1803)
1862 – Jacques Fromental Halévy, French composer (b. 1799)
1872 – Aleksa Simić, Serbian politician (b. 1800)
1879 – Ludwig Reichenbach, German botanist and ornithologist (b. 1793)
1885 – Susan Bogert Warner, American author (b. 1819)
1890 – Władysław (Ladislaus) Taczanowski, Polish ornithological and zoological scientist (b. 1819)
1893 – Jules Ferry, former Prime Minister of France (b. 1832)
1911 – Paul Arbaud, French book collector and philanthropist (b. 1832)
1917 – Franz Brentano, German psychologist and philosopher (b. 1838)
1922 – Makbule from Gördes, Turkish woman who died at the age of 20 while fighting the Greeks in the Turkish War of Independence (b. 1902)
1926 – Aleksey Brusilov, Russian commander during World War I (b. 1853)
1927 – Victorine Louise Meurent, French painter and painter model (b. 1844)
1937 – Joseph Austen Chamberlain, British politician – recipient of the 1925 Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1863)
1949 – Alexandra Ekster, Russian-French theater designer, painter (b. 1882)
1952 – Ali Rıza Özdarende, Turkish politician and clergyman (b. 1876)
1956 – Irène Joliot-Curie, French scientist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (b. 1897)
1974 – Louis Kahn, American architect (b. 1901)
1976 – Luchino Visconti, Italian filmmaker (b. 1906)
1978 – Ceyhun Atuf Kansu, Turkish poet (b. 1919)
1988 – Nikolas Asimos, Greek composer (b. 1949)
1990 – Capucine, French actress (b. 1931)
1993 – Helen Hayes, American actress (b. 1900)
1995 – Rushen Javadov, Azerbaijani soldier and politician (b. 1951)
1996 – René Clément, French film director (b. 1913)
2001 – Angel Mojsovski, Macedonian communist activist, soldier of the Yugoslav Front, recipient of the Order of the People's Hero (b. 1923)
2005 – George Kennan, American diplomat (b. 1904)
2006 – Istemihan Taviloglu, Turkish composer (b. 1945)
2007 – John Backus, American mathematician (b. 1924)
2011 – Michael Gough, British character actor (b. 1916)
2011 – Ferlin Husky, (born Terry Preston or Simon Crum), American country musician (b. 1925)
2012 – III. Shenuda, Egyptian Christian orthodox cleric (b. 1923)
2013 – Olivier Metzner, French criminal lawyer (b. 1949)
2014 – Mareike Carrière, German actress, presenter and translator (b. 1954)
2014 – Mohammed Salah Jadidi, Tunisian national football player (b. 1938)
2014 – L'Wren Scott, American stylist and fashion designer (b. 1964)
2015 – Ashley Adams, Australian shooter (b. 1955)
2015 – Guido Zappa, Italian mathematician (b. 1915)
2016 – Ralph David Abernathy III, American politician and businessman (b. 1959)
2016 – Shozo Awazu, Japanese martial and judo master (b. 1923)
2016 – Aluf Meir Dagan, Israeli soldier and politician (b. 1945)
2016 – Paul Daniels, English illusionist and television personality (b. 1938)
2016 – Larry Drake, American actor (b. 1949)
2016 – Léonie Geisendorf, Polish-born Swedish architect (b. 1914)
2016 – Zoltán Kamondi, Hungarian film director, actor, producer and screenwriter (b. 1960)
2016 – Marian Kociniak, Polish actor (b. 1936)
2016 – Solomon Marcus, Romanian semiotician, mathematician, and distinguished academic (b. 1925)
2017 – Robert Day, English film director (b. 1922)
2017 – Auntie Fee, American You Tube famously female presenter, actress, and foodie (b. 1957)
2017 – Lawrence Montaigne, American actor, writer, dancer, and stuntman (b. 1931)
2017 – Laurynas Stankevičius, Former Lithuanian prime minister and politician (b. 1935)
2017 – Derek Walcott, Saint Lucian poet and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1930)
2018 – Geneviève Fontanel, French actress, actress (b. 1936)
2018 – Mike Allan MacDonald, Canadian stand-up comedian and actor (b. 1954)
2018 – Zdeněk Mahler, Czech writer, musicologist, pedagogue and screenwriter (b. 1928)
2019 – Ken Bald, American comics artist (b. 1920)
2019 – Ulf Bengtsson, Swedish professional table tennis player (b. 1960)
2019 – Bill Burlison, American politician (b. 1931)
2019 – René Fontès, French sports administrator and politician (b. 1941)
2020 – Michael Broadbent, English wine critic, businessman, and author (b. 1927)
2020 – Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo, politician from Guinea-Bissau (b.1958)
2020 – Stephen Schwartz, American pathologist (b. 1942)
2020 – Lyle Wagoner, American actress, model, and sculptor (b. 1935)
2020 – Betty Williams, Northern Irish peace activist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1943)
2021 – Helenes Cândido, Brazilian lawyer and politician (b. 1935)
2021 – Xosé Ramón Barreiro Fernández, Spanish historian (b. 1936)
2021 – Ayla Karaca, real name Athens Miloharakti, Greek actress (b. 1933)
2021 – John Magufuli, Tanzanian lecturer and politician (b. 1959)
2022 – Peter Bowles, English stage, film and television actor (b. 1936)
2022 – Oksana Shvets, Ukrainian actress (b. 1955)

Holidays and special occasions

The end of Berdül'aczin (The Cold of the Husband)
St. Patrick's Day