Today in History: Charlie Chaplin's First Movie, 'The Little Tramp' Released

February 7 is the 38nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 327 days left until the end of the year (328 in leap years).

Railways

• 7 February 1927 Filyos-Irmak Line construction was awarded to Nydvqvist Halm, a Swedish-Danish partnership
• 2007 – The agreement on the implementation of the Baku-Tbilisi-Kars railway project was signed in Tbilisi between the Governments of Georgia, Azerbaijan and Turkey.

Events

• 457 – Leo I becomes Eastern Roman Emperor.
• 1550 – III. Julius became Pope.
• 1727 – İbrahim Müteferrika had the first book printing patterns prepared to be printed in the Ottoman Empire.
• 1898 – To Émile Zola in defense of Alfred Dreyfus Dawn An open letter addressed to the President of France in the newspaper J'accuse A defamation lawsuit was filed.
• 1900 - The British Labor Party is founded.
• 1914 – Charlie Chaplin's first film, "The Little Tramp," is released.
• 1921 – TC Official Gazette began to be published.
• 1929 – Red Crescent Society (Red Crescent) day was celebrated for the first time.
• 1934 – Riots continue in Paris; French Prime Minister Édouard Daladier resigns.
• 1935 - The famous board game Monopoly is patented.
• 1941 – British take Benghazi.
• 1942 – Croatian Nazis massacre 551 Serb civilians, including 2 children, in Banja Luka.
• 1952 – The Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB) was established with the General Assembly formed by the officials of the existing Chambers and Commodity Exchanges in Turkey.
• 1962 - The USA stopped all its exports and imports with Cuba.
• 1964 – The Beatles landed at New York's JFK Airport, and their first US tour began.
• 1966 – Police intervened in the 70-day strike in İzmir Kula and Wool Fabric Factory; 25 workers, 4 journalists, 8 privates and 13 police officers were injured.
• 1968 – The temperature dropped to minus 48 degrees Celsius in Ağrı; The surrounding lakes and rivers froze.
• 1968 – 7000 workers raid the Turkish Mine Workers' Union in Zonguldak; the police used batons and tear gas bombs against the workers. The workers claimed that they were deceived by the union.
• 1971 – Women were given the right to vote in Switzerland.
• 1973 – With a law passed by the Turkish Grand National Assembly, the province of “Maraş” was given the title of “heroism”; The name of the province became "Kahramanmaraş".
• 1974 – Grenada gained its independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1977 - The USSR launched the Soyuz 24 satellite.
• 1979 - Since the discovery of both planets; Pluto entered Neptune's orbit for the first time.
• 1980 – The Process Leading to the September 12, 1980 Coup in Turkey (1979- September 12, 1980): Uğur Mumcu wrote about the death of Infantry Private Zekeriya Önge, who was killed by Erdal Eren: “… the mother and father of police officer Zekeriya Önge, who was killed by a bullet, are in tears, and they are in tears… It is not possible to clean the spilled blood with someone else's blood; especially if the blood spilled is the blood of a poor police officer…”
• 1983 – Former Minister of State and Deputy Prime Minister Turgut Özal said, “It is no longer possible for me to be a bureaucrat or an undersecretary. If I can implement my own program, I will set up a party. However, since it is not possible to do certain jobs as the second or third man, I will make my own schedule.”
• 1984 - American astronaut Bruce McCandless made the first free-walk in space.
• 1986 – In Haiti, 28 years of family rule comes to an end with President Jean-Claude Duvalier's escape from the Caribbean.
• 1990 – A firedamp explosion occurred at Yeniceltek Coal Enterprise in Merzifon district of Amasya. 3 workers died, 63 workers were trapped under the ground.
• 1990 – Dissolution of the USSR: The Communist Party of the Soviet Union announces its readiness to cede its power monopoly.
• 1991 – Jean-Bertrand Aristide, the first elected President of Haiti, takes office.
• 1992 – The Maastricht Treaty was signed between the member states of the European Economic Community, forming the European Union.
• 1995 - Space shuttle Discovery made its historic rendezvous with the Russian space station Mir.
• 1998 – The Winter Olympic Games started in Nagano, Japan.
• 2006 – FIFA Disciplinary Committee fined the Turkish national football team to play 6 matches without spectators due to the negative events that took place in the Turkey-Switzerland match.
• 2009 – The Victorian bushfire killed 173 people, making it the worst natural disaster in Australian history.
• 2011 – The Prime Ministry's Memorandum, which envisages extending the mandate of the Turkish Armed Forces (TAF) naval elements off the Gulf of Aden for one more year, was accepted in the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
• 2011 – Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir announces that he has officially accepted the results of the referendum on secession from the North in South Sudan.
• 2012 – Maldives President Mohammed Nashid resigns due to anti-Government protests for having the Chief Justice arrested 23 days ago.
• 2013 – At least 51 people died in a bus and truck accident in Zambia.
• 2014 – Oldest footprint outside of Africa found in England. 
• 2014 – The opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics took place in Sochi, Russia.

Births

• 574 – Prince Shōtoku, statesman and member of the Asuka Period Japanese Imperial Family (d. 622)
• 1102 – Matilda, queen of England (d. 1167)
• 1478 – Thomas More, English writer and statesman (d. 1535)
• 1693 – Anna Ivanovna, Russian Tsarina (d. 1740)
• 1741 – Johann Heinrich Füssli, Swiss painter (d. 1825)
• 1804 – John Deere, American industrialist (d. 1886)
• 1812 – Charles Dickens, English writer (d. 1870)
• 1837 – James Murray, English lexicographer and philologist (d. 1915)
• 1839 – Nicolaas Pierson, Dutch economist and Liberal statesman (d. 1909)
• 1841 – Auguste Choisy, French engineer and architectural historian (d. 1909)
• 1842 – Alexandre Ribot, French politician (d. 1923)
• 1867 – Laura Ingalls Wilder, American author (d. 1957)
• 1870 – Alfred Adler, Austrian psychiatrist (d. 1937)
• 1873 – Thomas Andrews, Irish naval engineer and businessman (d. 1912)
• 1875 – Lore Alford Rogers, American bacteriologist and dairy scientist (d. 1975)
• 1877 – Godfrey Harold Hardy, English mathematician (d. 1947)
• 1885 – Hugo Sperrle, German field marshal (d. 1953)
• 1885 – Sinclair Lewis, American author and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1951)
• 1887 – Eubie Blake, American pianist and composer (d. 1983)
• 1889 – Josef Thorak, German sculptor (d. 1952)
• 1901 – Seyfettin Özege, Turkish bibliographer (d. 1981)
• 1904 – Arif Nihat Asya, Turkish poet (d. 1975)
• 1905 – Ulf von Euler, Swedish physiologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1983)
• 1906 Puyi, Emperor of China (d. 1967)
• 1907 – Cevdet Kudret, Turkish writer and literary historian (d. 1992)
• 1913 – Ramón Mercader, Spanish assassin (killer of Leon Trotsky) (d. 1978)
• 1927 – Juliette Gréco, French singer and actress (d. 2020)
• 1929 – Aysel Gürel, Turkish songwriter and theater actress (d. 2008)
• 1934 – Anestis Vlahos, Greek actor and politician
• 1940 – Toshihide Maskawa, Japanese theoretical physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 2021)
• 1946 – Héctor Babenco, Argentine-born Brazilian film director, screenwriter, and producer (d. 2016)
• 1946 – Pete Postlethwaite, English actor (d. 2011)
• 1947 – Teoman Durali, Turkish philosopher, thinker and academic. (d. 2021)
• 1947 – Wayne Allwine, American voice actor (d. 2009)
• 1954 – Dieter Bohlen, German musician
• 1955 – Miguel Ferrer, American actor and voice actor (d. 2017)
• 1962 – David Bryan, American musician and keyboardist for Bon Jovi
• 1962 – Eddie Izzard, Yemeni-English comedian, actor and producer
• 1962 – Garth Brooks, American country music artist
• 1965 – Chris Rock, American comedian
• 1968 - Sully Erna, American singer, songwriter, guitarist, and member of the band Godsmack
• 1968 – Yıldıray Şahinler, Turkish theater and cinema artist
• 1971 – Kerem Kupacı, Turkish TV series and film actor
• 1972 Essence Atkins, American actress
• 1974 – J Dilla, American rapper and producer (d. 2006)
• 1974 – Steve Nash, Canadian basketball player and Phoenix Suns basketball team player
• 1975 – Rémi Gaillard, French comedian and actor
• 1975 – Wes Borland, American guitarist (member of Limp Bizkit)
• 1976 – Amon Tobin, Brazilian DJ, producer, screenwriter and member of Two Fingers
• 1977 – Mariusz Pudzianowski, Polish mixed martial artist
• 1977 – Tsuneyasu Miyamoto, Japanese football player
• 1978 – Ashton Kutcher, American actor
• 1978 – Daniel van Buyten, Belgian football player
• 1978 – Marina Kislova, Russian sprinter
• 1979 - Cerina Vincent, American actress
• 1979 – Tawakel Karman, Yemeni journalist, activist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate
• 1982 – Mickaël Piétrus, French basketball player
• 1983 – Christian Klien, Austrian race car driver and former Formula 1 driver
• 1987 – Kerli Kõiv, Estonian singer
• 1988 – Mubariz Ibrahimov, Azerbaijani soldier (d. 2010)
• 1989 – Nick Calathes, Greek basketball player
• 1989 – Alexis Rolín, Uruguayan football player
• 1989 - Elia Viviani, an Italian professional cyclist
• 1990 – Gianluca Lapadula, Italian-born Peruvian national football player
• 1990 – Dalilah Muhammad, American athlete
• 1992 - Sergi Roberto, Spanish football player
• 1992 – Ksenia Stolbova, Russian figure skater
• 1993 – Diego Laxalt, Uruguayan football player
• 1996 – Pierre Gasly, French Formula 1 driver
• 1997 - Nicolò Barella, Italian football player

Deaths

• 1311 – Kutbeddin Shirazi, Iranian scholar of religion and astronomy (b. 1236)
• 1407 – Jakub Plichta, Polish Catholic priest and second bishop of Vilnius (b. ?)
• 1724 – Hanabusa Itchō, Japanese painter, calligrapher, and haiku poet (b. 1652)
• 1799 – Qianlong, sixth emperor of China's Qing Dynasty (b. 1711)
• 1823 – Ann Radcliffe, English writer (b. 1764)
• 1837 – IV. Gustav Adolf, king of Sweden (b. 1778)
• 1878 – IX. Pius, Catholic Church religious leader (longest reigning) (b. 1792)
• 1880 – Arthur Morin, French physicist (b. 1795)
• 1881 – Henry B. Metcalfe, American politician and member of the U.S. House of Representatives (b. 1805)
• 1885 – Ivasaki Yataro, Japanese financier and founder of Mitsubishi (b. 1835)
• 1894 – Adolphe Sax, Belgian inventor (b. 1814)
• 1921 – ‎John J. Gardner‎‎, American politician‎ (b. 1845)
• 1929 – Karl Julius Beloch, German historian (b. 1854)
• 1937 – Elihu Root, American lawyer and statesman (b. 1845)
• 1958 – Ahmet Nesimi Sayman, Ottoman statesman (last Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Committee of Union and Progress) (b. 1876)
• 1960 – Igor Kurchatov, Russian physicist (b. 1903)
• 1979 – Josef Mengele, German Nazi doctor (b. 1911)
• 1979 – Pyotr Gluhov, Soviet writer (b. 1897)
• 1985 – Matt Monro, English singer (b. 1930)
• 1986 – Minoru Yamasaki, American architect (Twin Towers) (b. 1912)
• 1999 – Hussein bin Tallal, King of Jordan (b. 1935)
• 2001 – Anne Morrow Lindbergh, American author and aviator (b. 1906)
• 2003 – Augusto Monterroso, Guatemalan writer (b. 1921)
• 2004 – Necdet Seçkinöz, Turkish bureaucrat (b. 1927)
• 2006 – Dürrüşehvar Sultan, daughter of the last Ottoman caliph Abdülmecid Efendi (b. 1914)
• 2008 – Sırrı Gültekin, Turkish actor, film director and screenwriter (b. 1924)
• 2010 – İlhan Arsel, Turkish academic, writer, researcher and senator (b. 1920)
• 2015 – Billy Casper, American golfer (b. 1931)
• 2015 – René Lavand, Argentine magician (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Marshall Rosenberg, American psychologist (b. 1934)
• 2015 – Dean Smith, American basketball coach (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Juliette Benzoni, French writer and novelist (b. 1920)
• 2016 – Roger Willemsen, German writer and television presenter (b. 1955)
• 2017 – Svend Asmussen, Danish jazz musician (b. 1916)
• 2017 – Richard Hatch, American actor, writer, and producer (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Tzvetan Todorov, Franco-Bulgarian philosopher, historian (b. 1939)
• 2018 – John Perry Barlow, American poet and essayist, cattle breeder (b. 1947)
• 2018 – Mickey Jones, American drummer and actor (b. 1941)
• 2018 – Jill Messick, American film producer (b. 1967)
• 2018 – Nabi Şensoy, Turkish diplomat (b. 1945)
• 2018 – Pat Torpey, American hard rock singer and drummer (b. 1953)
• 2018 – Catherine G. Wolf, American psychologist and human-computer interaction expert (b. 1947)
• 2019 – Albert Finney, 5-time Oscar-nominated, Emmy-winning English actor (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Yalçın Mentes, Turkish theater artist and television actor (b. 1960)
• 2019 – Jan Olszewski, Polish conservative lawyer and politician (b. 1930)
• 2019 – Frank Robinson, Former American professional baseball player and manager (b. 1935)
• 2020 – Orson Bean, American comedian, producer, writer, theater, film and television actor (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Hong Ling, Chinese geneticist, professor (b. 1966)
• 2020 – Nexhmije Pagarusha, Albanian singer (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Ann E. Todd, American actress and librarian (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Li Wenliang, Chinese ophthalmologist. He is the name that announced the new generation coronavirus, which later became a pandemic, to the world. (b. 1986)
• 2021 – Louise Elisabeth Coldenhoff, Indonesian soldier (b. 1935)
• 2021 – Giuseppe Rotunno, award-winning Italian cinematographer (b. 1923)
• 2021 – Moufida Tlatli, Tunisian film director, editor and politician (b. 1947)
• 2022 – Margarita Lozano, Spanish actress (b. 1931)