In order to measure the durability of buildings against earthquakes in Istanbul, damage assessment is carried out with the experts of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) with a free fast scanning method. After the earthquake in Kahramanmaraş, a request was made to the İBB to "inspect quickly" for 40 buildings. Not only the landlords, but also the tenants will be able to have their houses inspected for earthquake resistance determination. İBB Deputy Secretary General Dr. Buğra Gökce said, “We will also receive applications from the tenants in the next period by giving rent assistance to the tenants when they are worried about the place where they live.”
IMM Deputy Secretary General Dr. Buğra Gökçe spoke at the press conference held at İSTON's Construction Laboratory. Risky Building Detection in Quick Scan Method from 2019 and Turkey Building Earthquake Regulation (TBDY) Earthquake Performance Analysis is carried out according to 2018. Istanbul residents can do a quick scan at binatespitiformu.ibb.gov.tr or with a petition to the IMM Service buildings.
Explaining the processes of examining how the applications can be made, Gökce said, “IBB has been conducting scientific analysis work since 2019, under the name of rapid building scanning, carried out by Istanbul Technical University with academicians. This study, which is also called the PERA project, is the previous step in the legislation on the determination of risky structures numbered 6306 in our country. Our risky building analysis described in the legislation describes a process for the evacuation and demolition of the building within 60 days, with a 30+90 day period given to the citizen after the risky building is determined. Therefore, citizens who apply within the scope of Law No. 6306 mostly refrain from making this application because they will have to evacuate their homes after taking the risky structure rotation. However, since the rapid building scanning method is the previous step and does not directly encode the building as a risky structure, it has a content that gives an idea and advice to our citizens, and also puts the next stage in front of them as a map that guides both municipalities and citizens.
BEFORE THE EARTHQUAKE, THEY DID NOT TAKE IT TO HOUSES
Stating that IMM has visited 2019 buildings throughout Istanbul since 107.077, Gökce noted that the priority was on buildings before 2000, but structures after 2000 would also be examined. Saying, “We have been able to enter 2022 of them by the end of 29.700,” Gökce said, “A very large part of the buildings, more than 70 percent, did not allow the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality to conduct a rapid screening for earthquake resistance. We have received an analysis of nearly 30 percent. Our Honorable President shared the results of these analyzes with the public once again during the 17th of August. Let me repeat the numbers shared by our President Ekrem: According to this analysis, our 318 buildings are in a position to collapse where they stand. It's not even E-class. Our 1525 buildings were also coded as D and E class buildings with high risk and we decided to implement an action plan based on this. For rent assistance. Because the rental prices in Istanbul cannot be met with the 1150 liras defined by the legislation. Thereupon, our Ministry of Environment and Urbanization went to an application that increased this figure to 1500 liras in Istanbul. However, since it is not possible to give the rent aid to the citizens and remove them from their homes with 1500 liras in Istanbul, the presidential office was authorized with the decision of the IMM Assembly, although it could not be pronounced as three times the rent aid. We realized the first one in Avcılar, we are doing the other one in Kartal”.
TENANTS CAN ALSO APPLY
Stating that not only the landlords but also the tenants can have their houses inspected for earthquake resistance determination, Buğra Gökce said, "When the tenants are worried about the place where they live, we will also receive applications from the tenants in the next period, by giving rental assistance to the tenant." Noting that IMM has done risky building demolition by giving 3 floors of rent assistance so that the tenants can have their building inspected for earthquake resistance, Gökce said, “IMM started with these 318 buildings that had to collapse on their own, by placing 1525 buildings that were found to be class D and E in the second phase, with 4500 buildings. will provide rent assistance. Our legislation basically stipulates that this assistance should be given only to the landlord. Law enforcement regulation 6306 provides one-time relocation assistance to the tenant. We will also help the tenant with this arrangement. In the event that the tenant evacuates the house, we will apply 4500 rental assistance, starting with the most risky buildings. We think that this is an important initiative in terms of evacuating risky structures.”
WHAT IS IMM BUILDING DETECTION PROJECT?
With Quick Scan, earthquake risk situations are determined as quickly as possible by using second-level evaluation methods in buildings built before 2000. This study, which started primarily in Avcılar and Silivri districts, has spread to 37 other districts of Istanbul and so far 107.077 buildings have been visited throughout Istanbul and 29.323 of them have been examined.
Within the scope of this study:
- Concrete hammer reading by removing the column plaster,
- Determination of reinforcement diameter and corrosion by stripping column concrete,
- Drawing up the floor plan by taking column-beam and floor measurements,
- Determination of column-wall reinforcement spacing with the reinforcement scanning device,
- Determination of the external dimensions and irregularities of the structure,
data is collected through operations. These data are analyzed with an algorithm and the “earthquake safety rate” is determined for each building.
RISKY BUILDING DETECTION
This work, which is known as urban transformation among the people, is usually done in buildings that are planned to be renovated. In this study, carried out within the scope of the law numbered 6306, a survey of the structural system of the building is taken. By taking core samples, the concrete compressive strength, stripping and reinforcement properties are determined by using non-destructive reinforcement imaging devices. Using the determined material properties, the building is modeled with the modeling program created by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change. The risky structure detection report created as a result of the modeling is submitted to the relevant municipality control via the ARAAD system and the administrative process is started.
- While the works in this method are carried out with the authorization given by the Ministry, the administrative process is initiated by the relevant municipalities in order to strengthen or demolish the building in case it is determined as a risky structure.
- With this method, if the building is found to be risky, in case the building is rebuilt, the owners are offered opportunities such as fee exemption, rental assistance, and loan support. The coring process in the examined buildings does not damage the structure.
- While the core process is taken in the numbers and shapes given in the regulations valid throughout the country, structural repairs are carried out by ISTON after the process.
EARTHQUAKE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ACCORDING TO TBDY 2018
Earthquake performance analysis is made according to TBDY-2018, regardless of the year the building was built. In this study, the reinforcement properties are determined by taking core samples at each floor of the building, performing stripping, and using non-destructive reinforcement imaging devices. The structure is modeled in three dimensions in the computer environment and the earthquake performance of the structure is determined according to TBDY 2018. The result of the study done with this method is shared only with the applicant and no sanctions are applied as a result of the analysis.
In all of these methods, it does not seem technically possible to use the expression "resistance to earthquakes" or "resistance to earthquakes of this magnitude". All these studies are carried out to determine the earthquake performance according to the conditions. For the building detection project; The Rapid Screening study initiated by IMM is a study conducted with the PERA method, similar to which has been applied in Japan, New Zealand, Greece, America, Canada and Italy, and is a preliminary assessment.
ISTANBUL IS RENEWING WHAT?
Istanbul Renewal helps and guides the renovation process of buildings that are thought to be vulnerable to the Istanbul Earthquake. KIPTAS, which are subsidiaries of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality, Istanbul Imar A.Ş. and BİMTAŞ, the online information and support platform Istanbul Renewals, aims to transform the housing stock at risk into safe, earthquake-resistant and environmentally friendly structures. The conditions required for the positive evaluation of the applications to the Istanbul Renewal platform are as follows: Being in private ownership, being made before 1999.
8 thousand 402 applications were made
With Istanbul Renewal, the renewal process of your potentially risky structure takes place in 3 stages as Application, Offer and Reconciliation, respectively. While 39 thousand 641 applications have been made to Istanbul Renewal, covering 172 thousand 391 independent units from 157.377 districts and 15.014 neighborhoods (8 residences, 402 commercial areas), these applications concern approximately 629 thousand 508 people. There are 193 applications that are in the process of reconciliation. These include approximately 23 people in 76 independent units (6 Residences, 49 Commercial Areas) from 5.739 districts and 310 neighborhoods. For single buildings, there are 22 applications concerning 956 people in 117 independent units (226 residences, 107.016 commercial areas). This corresponds to 10.210% of the total application.
Answering the questions of the members of the press, Gökce said, "Did you identify the building of a public institution or organization as risky?" To the question, “We cannot look at the buildings of public institutions as per the legislation. Every public institution organization analyzes its own building, and it is both legal and legal equipment to make public buildings not to collapse in an earthquake.
When asked about how the rent aid process works, Gökce said, “We took this decision before the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. We made the decision by analyzing that 318 buildings are not even E class, and 1525 of them are D and E classes. We will first examine 318 buildings, then 1525 buildings, and rent assistance will be given, including those living in it," he said.
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