Today in History: George Washington Marries Martha Dandridge

January 5 is the 5nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. There are 360 days left until the end of the year (361 in leap years).

Railways

• 1929 – The Anatolian-Baghdad and Mersin-Tarsus Railways and Haydarpaşa Train Station were nationalized.

Events

• 1759 - George Washington married Martha Dandridge.
• 1781 – American Civil War: Richmond is burned by the Royal Navy under Benedict Arnold.
• 1809 – The Kale-i Sultaniye Treaty was signed, which ended the 1807-1809 Ottoman-British War.
• 1854 - San Francisco The steamship sank: 300 people died.
• 1889 - German physicist Martin Brendel photographed auroras for the first time.
• 1895 – Dreyfus case: In the trial in France on charges of espionage, Captain Alfred Dreyfus is sentenced to life imprisonment.
• 1919 – The German Workers' Party is founded in the Weimar Republic. This party would later become the "National Socialist German Workers' Party".
• 1921 – Circassian Ethem and his brothers took refuge in the Greek Occupation Forces.
• 1922 – The liberation of Adana from enemy occupation.
• 1930 – Collectivization of agriculture begins in the Soviet Union.
• 1933 - Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco begins.
• 1961 – Yassıada trials continue. The 6-7 September Incidents case was concluded. Adnan Menderes, Fatin Rüştü Zorlu and former İzmir governor Kemal Hadımlı were convicted. On the same day, Fuad Köprülü and Fahrettin Kerim Gökay were released from Yassıada.
• 1968 – Alexander Dubček comes to power in Czechoslovakia, who will initiate the Prague Spring.
• 1974 – In the earthquake that occurred in Lima, the Capital of Peru, 6 people died and hundreds of houses were damaged.
• 1979 – At the call of DİSK, a 5-minute work stoppage action (Action to Curse Fascism) was held across Turkey.
• 1981 – The Year of Atatürk in Turkey was opened to celebrations with the speech of President Gen. Kenan Evren at the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
• 1989 - US jets shot down two MiG-23 aircraft belonging to Libya.
• 1993 – The first execution by hanging was carried out in the USA after 1965. Serial killer Westley Allan Dodd was hanged in Washington.
• 1993 – Proclamation of the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria.
• 1997 - Russian forces withdraw from Chechnya.
• 2005 - Eris, the largest known dwarf planet, was discovered.
• 2014 - India launched the first locally produced cryogenic engine powered GSLV-D5 rocket into space, capable of lifting more payloads than any other engine. 
• 2017 – İzmir attack: İzmir Courthouse was attacked with a bomb-laden vehicle. A police officer and a courthouse worker were killed in the attack. 7 people were injured, three of them police officers.

Births

• 1548 – Francisco Suárez, Spanish Jesuit priest, philosopher, and theologian (d. 1617)
• 1592 – Shah Jahan, 5th Ruler of the Mughal Empire (d. 1666)
• 1620 – Miklós Zrínyi, Croatian and Hungarian noble soldier, statesman, and poet (d. 1664)
• 1759 – Jacques Cathelineau, French peddler and Vendée rebel leader (d. 1793)
• 1767 – Jean-Baptiste Say, French philosopher and economist (b. 1832)
• 1846 – Rudolf Christoph Eucken, German philosopher, author, and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926)
• 1851 – Böcüzade Süleyman Sami, Ottoman writer, bureaucrat and politician (d. 1932)
• 1855 – King Camp Gillette, American entrepreneur, inventor, and businessman (d. 1932)
• 1867 – Dimitrios Gunaris, Greek lawyer, politician, and Prime Minister of Greece (d. 1922)
• 1871 – Leonid Bolhovitinov, Russian soldier and orientalist (d. 1925)
• 1874 – Joseph Erlanger, American physiologist (d. 1965)
• 1876 ​​– Konrad Adenauer, German statesman and chancellor of Germany (d. 1967)
• 1880 – İbrahim Etem Ulagay, Turkish professor of medicine, physician and chemist (d. 1943)
• 1883 – Döme Sztójay, Hungarian soldier, diplomat, and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Hungary (d. 1946)
• 1884 – Ahmed Agdamski, Azerbaijani opera singer and actor (d. 1954)
• 1897 – Kiyoshi Miki, Japanese Marxist thinker (d. 1945)
• 1900 – Yves Tanguy, French-American painter (d. 1955)
• 1902 – Stella Gibbons, English writer and novelist (d. 1989)
• 1904 – Jeane Dixon, American astrologer and psychic (d. 1997)
• 1911 – Jean-Pierre Aumont, French actor (d. 2001)
• 1913 – Nejat Eczacıbaşı, Turkish chemist and industrialist (d. 1993)
• 1914 – Nicolas de Staël, French painter (d. 1955)
• 1917 – Jane Wyman, American actress and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress (d. 2007)
• 1921 – Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Swiss writer (d. 1990)
• 1921 – Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 2019)
• 1921 – Kemal Ergüvenç, Turkish theater, film actor and voice actor (d. 1975)
• 1923 – Boris Leskin, American film, theater and television actor (d. 2020)
• 1923 – Endel Taniloo, Estonian sculptor (d. 2019)
• 1923 – Jan Matocha, Czechoslovak canoe racer (d. 2016)
• 1924 – Gerry Plamondon, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2019)
• 1924 – Marc Bonnefous, French diplomat (d. 2002)
• 1925 – Jean-Paul Roux, French orientalist and Turcologist (d. 2009)
• 1928 – Girish Chandra Saxena, Indian bureaucrat (d. 2017)
• 1928 – Preben Hertoft, Danish psychiatrist (d. 2017)
• 1928 – Walter Mondale, American politician (d. 2021)
• 1928 – Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Pakistani lawyer, politician, and 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1979)
• 1929 – Ümit Utku, Turkish director, screenwriter and producer (d. 2016)
• 1930 - Kay Lahusen, American journalist
• 1931 – Alvin Ailey, American dancer, choreographer, and activist (d. 1989)
• 1931 – Robert Duvall, American actor, director, and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor
• 1932 – Bill Foulkes, English football player (d. 2013)
• 1932 – Raisa Gorbachev, wife of Mikhail Gorbachev (d. 1999)
• 1932 – Umberto Eco, Italian linguist and writer (d. 2016)
• 1933 – Anthony Bailey, English writer and art historian (d. 2020)
• 1934 – Antoni Pitxot, Spanish painter (d. 2015)
• 1934 – Phil Ramone, American arranger, producer, and 14 Grammy Award winner (d. 2013)
• 1935 – Forough Farrokhzad, Iranian poet, writer, director and painter (d. 1967)
• 1935 - Jack Hirsh, Canadian scientist
• 1935 – Öner Ünalan, Turkish writer, translator and researcher (d. 2011)
• 1936 – Sylvestre Nsanzimana, Rwandan politician (d. 1999)
• 1937 - Hélène Cixous, French writer
• 1938 – Brian Crowe, British diplomat (d. 2020)
• 1938 – Juan Carlos I, King of Spain
• 1938 – Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, Kenyan writer
• 1940 – Adnan Mersinli, Turkish actor (d. 2016)
• 1941 – Hayao Miyazaki, Japanese manga and anime artist
• 1942 – Vicki Lansky, American writer and publisher of children's stories (d. 2017)
• 1943 – Atilla Özdemiroğlu, Turkish musician (d. 2016)
• 1946 – Diane Keaton, American actress and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress
• 1947 – Osman Arpacıoğlu, Turkish football player and sportswriter (d. 2021)
• 1949 – Anne-Marie Lizin, Belgian politician (d. 2015)
• 1950 – Mehmet Mumtaz Tuzcu, Turkish poet
• 1952 – Uli Hoeneß, German former football player
• 1953 – George Tenet is an American bureaucrat, intelligence officer, and academic.
• 1954 – Laszlo Krasznahorkai, Hungarian screenwriter and novelist
• 1956 – Gérard Berliner, French singer, songwriter, composer and actor (d. 2010)
• 1956 – Frank Walter Steinmeier, a German politician
• 1959 – Maya Lin, Chinese-American architect and artist
• 1960 – Phil Thornalley, English musician and producer
• 1961 – Iris DeMent is an American singer and songwriter.
• 1965 - Vinnie Jones, English former football player
• 1965 – Okday Korunan, Turkish actor and playwright
• 1966 – Özgür Ozan, Turkish actor
• 1968 – DJ Bobo, Swiss singer
• 1969 - Marilyn Manson, American musician
• 1970 – Erdal Beşikçioğlu, Turkish actor
• 1972 – Sakis Ruvas, Greek singer
• 1975 - Bradley Cooper is an American stage, television and film actor.
• 1976 – Diego Tristan, Spanish football player
• 1977 – Alaaddin Şahintekin, Turkish karate
• 1978 – Jan Jones, American actress and model
• 1980 – Sebastian Deisler, German football player
• 1981 – deadmau5, Canadian progressive house producer and artist
• 1982 – Janica Kostelić, Croatian skier
• 1986 – Deepika Padukone is an Indian movie actress and model.
• 1987 – Kristin Cavallari, American actress and singer
• 1989 – Clara Cleymans, Belgian actress and voice actor
• 1989 – Krisztian Németh, Hungarian national football player
• 1991 – Soner Aydoğdu, Turkish football player
• 1991 – Denis Alibec, Romanian football player
• 1996 – Max Baldry, English actor
• 1997 – Egehan Arna, Turkish basketball player
• 1998 – Merve Ari, Turkish basketball player
• 1999 – Berkin Elvan, Turkish student (d. 2014)

Deaths

• 842 – Mutasim, 8th Caliph of the Abbasids (b. 794)
• 1066 – Edward, King of England (b. 1003)
• 1173 – IV. Boleslaw, High Duke of Poland (b. 1122)
• 1387 – IV. Pedro, King of Aragon (b. 1319)
• 1477 – Charles I, last Duke of Burgundy of the Valois (b. 1433)
• 1588 – Qi Jiguang, Chinese general and national hero (b. 1528)
• 1589 – Catherine de' Medici, Queen of France (b. 1519)
• 1616 – Simeon Bekbulatovich, Khan of the Kasim Khanate and Tsar of the Russian Empire (b. ?)
• 1713 – Jean Chardin, French jeweler and traveler (b. 1643)
• 1714 – III. Mamia Gurieli, King of Imereti (b. ?)
• 1735 – Carlo Ruzzini, Venetian statesman, diplomat, and Associate Professor of the Republic of Venice (b.
• 1762 – Yelizaveta, Russian Empress (b. 1709)
• 1776 – Philipp Ludwig Statius Müller, German zoologist (b. 1725)
• 1796 – Anna Barbara Reinhart, Swiss mathematician (b. 1730)
• 1818 – Marcello Bacciarelli, Italian painter (b. 1731)
• 1858 – Josef Wenzel Radetzky von Radetz, Austrian general (b. 1766)
• 1863 – Johann Wilhelm Zinkeisen, German historian (b. 1803)
• 1908 – Smbat Shahaziz, Armenian educator, writer, and journalist (b. 1840)
• 1913 – Lewis A. Swift, American astronomer (b. 1820)
• 1917 – Isobel Lilian Gloag, ‎English painter (‎b. 1865)
• 1922 – Ernest Shackleton, Irish-English explorer (b. 1874)
• 1925 – Yevgeniya Blank, German-born Russian Bolshevik activist and politician (b. 1879)
• 1929 – Nikolai Nikolayevich Romanov, Russian general (b. 1856)
• 1933 – Calvin Coolidge, American politician and 30th President of the United States (b. 1872)
• 1951 – Andrey Platonov, Russian writer (b. 1899)
• 1951 – Phillip Jaisohn, Korean activist, journalist, politician, and physician (b. 1864)
• 1953 – Ramiz Gökçe, Turkish cartoonist (b. 1900)
• 1970 – Max Born, German physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1882)
• 1972 – Tevfik Rüştü Aras, Turkish politician and diplomat (b. 1883)
• 1975 – Arif Nihat Asya, Turkish poet and writer (b. 1904)
• 1976 – Hamit Kaplan, Turkish Olympic and World champion wrestler (b. 1933)
• 1976 – Necmeddin Okyay, Turkish calligrapher and marbling artist (b. 1883)
• 1981 – Harold Clayton Urey, American chemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (b. 1893)
• 1982 – Ahmet Zaim, Turkish Cypriot politician and diplomat (b. 1927)
• 1982 – Edmund Herring, Australian soldier (b. 1892)
• 1985 – Robert Surtees, American cinematographer and Academy Award winner (b. 1906)
• 1986 – Aynur Gürkan, Turkish folk music artist
• 1990 – Arthur Kennedy, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1998 – Sonny Bono, American singer, actor, and politician (b. 1935)
• 2001 – Elizabeth Anscombe, English analytical philosopher (b. 1919)
• 2003 – Roy Jenkins, British politician (b. 1920)
• 2004 – Tug McGraw, American baseball player (b. 1944)
• 2009 – Mustafa Ok, Turkish soldier and politician (b. 1925)
• 2010 – Beverly Aadlen, American actress (b. 1942)
• 2012 – Don Carter, American bowler (b. 1926)
• 2014 – Alma Muriel, Mexican actress (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Annamária Kinde, Hungarian-Romanian journalist, writer and editor (b. 1956)
• 2014 – Carmen Zapata, American actress (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Eusébio, Portuguese football player (b. 1942)
• 2014 – Mustapha Zitouni, Algerian national football player (b. 1928)
• 2014 – Uday Kiran, Indian actor (b. 1980)
• 2015 – Eylül Cansın, Turkish transgender woman (b. 1992)
• 2015 – Jean-Pierre Beltoise, French Formula 1 racer (b. 1937)
• 2015 – Joy Ali, Fijian boxer (b. 1978)
• 2015 – Khan Bonfils, English actor of East Asian descent (b. 1972)
• 2016 – Elizabeth Swados, American writer, composer, musician, and theater director (b. 1951)
• 2016 – Jean-Paul L'Allier, Canadian liberal politician and journalist (b. 1938)
• 2016 – Memduh Abdulalim, Egyptian actor (b. 1956)
• 2016 – Percy Freeman, English football player (b. 1945)
• 2016 – Pierre Boulez, French composer, choirmaster, writer and pianist (b. 1925)
• 2016 – Rudolf Haag, German theoretical physicist (b. 1922)
• 2017 – Alfonso Humberto Robles Cota, Mexican bishop (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Géori Boué, French female soprano and opera singer (b. 1918)
• 2017 – Leonardo Benevolo, Italian architect, art historian and urban planner (b. 1923)
• 2017 – Rafiq Subaie, Syrian actor, writer and director (b. 1930)
• 2018 – Antonio Valentín Angelillo, Italian football player and manager (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Aydın Boysan, Turkish architect and journalist (b. 1921)
• 2018 – Henry Jean-Baptiste, French politician (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Jerry Van Dyke, American comedian, actor, and voice actor (b. 1931)
• 2018 – John W. Young, American astronaut (b. 1930)
• 2018 – Marian Labuda, Slovak actor (b. 1944)
• 2018 – Münir Özkul, Turkish storyteller, theater and film actor (b. 1925)
• 2018 – Thomas Bopp, American astronomer, scientist, and explorer (b. 1949)
• 2019 – Bernice Sandler, American women's rights activist, educator, and author (b. 1928)
• 2019 – Dragoslav Šekurac, Serbian football player and football coach (b. 1937)
• 2019 – Emil Brumaru, Romanian poet and writer (b. 1938)
• 2019 – Erick Haydock, English musician and guitarist (b. 1943)
• 2019 – Maria Dolores Malumbres, Spanish pianist, music educator and composer (b. 1931)
• 2019 – Rudolf Raff, Canadian-American biologist and academic (b. 1941)
• 2020 – Antoni Morell Mora, Spanish-born Andorran diplomat, lawyer, bureaucrat and author (b. 1941)
• 2020 – Walter Learning, Canadian theater director, playwright, and actor (b. 1938)
• 2021 – Annasif Døhlen, Norwegian painter and sculptor (b. 1930)
• 2021 – Bonifácio José Tamm de Andrada, Brazilian politician, legal scholar and journalist (b. 1930)
• 2021 – Christina Crosby, American educator, activist, and author (b. 1953)
• 2021 – Colin Bell, English international football player (b. 1946)
• 2021 – James Greene, Northern Irish actor (b. 1931)
• 2021 – João Cutileiro, Portuguese sculptor (b. 1937)
• 2021 – John Richardson, English actor (b. 1934)
• 2021 – José Carlos Silveira Braga, Brazilian football player (b. 1930)
• 2021 – Tyberii Korponai, Soviet-Ukrainian football player (b. 1958)
• 2022 – Lawrence Brooks, American veteran of the United States Army (b. 1909)
• 2022 – Kim Mi-soo, South Korean actress and model (b. 1992)
• 2022 – Anatole Novak, French professional road cyclist (b. 1937)
• 2022 – George Rossi, Scottish actor (b. 1961)
• 2022 – Olga Szabo-Orban, Romanian fencer (b. 1938)

Holidays and special occasions

• The liberation of Adana and Tarsus from the French occupation (1922)