Today in History: Citroën C5 Launched

September 1 is the 244th (245th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 121.

Railways

• 1 September 1940 Diyarbakır-Bismil line (47 km) was opened.
• 1 September 1900 Hejaz Railway construction started with an official ceremony held in Damascus. The line was the first completed section of the Hejaz Railway.
• 1 September 1902 Der'a-Zerka (79 km) line was completed.
• 1 September 1903 opened its line to Damascus.
• 1 September 1904 at the Hejaz railway 460. km. reached Maan. The official opening ceremony was held on this occasion.
• 1 September 1906 Maan-Tebük (233 km) Line is opened.
• 1 September 1907 Tebülk-el-Ula (288 km) sections are complete. El-Ula was the beginning of the sacred lands which were forbidden by the non-Muslims. El Ula-Medina line (323 km.) Was built entirely by Muslim engineers, contractors, technicians and soldiers.
• 1 September 1908 Hicaz Railroad is fully operational. Total 1.464 km. The cost of the Hijaz Railway is 3. 066.167 found the lira. The camouflage took the 40 day to Damascus-Medina route by train to 72.
• 1 September 1919 In the report prepared by Ottoman soldiers; The British and French commissaries were notified that the Entente States were confiscated by the Turkish railways and that they contradicted the provisions of the truce and the rules of international law.
• 1 September 1940 Diyarbakır-Bismil line (47 km) was opened.
• 1 September 2008 The opening ceremony of the 100 foundation anniversary of the Hijaz Railway was held at Haydarpaşa Station.
• 1 2008 152 XNUMX of September. Hicaz Railways Photography Exhibition was opened in Ankara Gar on the anniversary of its foundation.

Events

• 1846 – Foundation of Darülfünun building was laid in Sultanahmet.
• 1868 – Galatasaray High School was opened in Istanbul.
• 1900 – Sultan II in Istanbul. Abdulhamid's 25th reign was celebrated with a great ceremony. Representatives of all foreign states attended the ceremony.
• 1910 - Corinthians, Brazilian football club is founded.
• 1920 - The French established the Lebanese state with its capital Beirut.
• 1922 – Turkish War of Independence: Mustafa Kemal Pasha gave his order after the Battle of Dumlupınar was won: armies! Your First Destination is the Mediterranean. Forward! On the same day, the Turkish army entered the Greek-occupied Uşak.
• 1923 – Earthquake in Tokyo and Yokohama, Japan: 300 people died.
• 1924 – The Music Teachers' School, which formed the basis of the Ankara State Conservatory, was opened in Ankara.
• 1925 – First Medical Congress convened in Ankara.
• 1927 – Civil marriage became compulsory in Turkey.
• 1928 – Ahmet Zogoğlu in Albania, “I. He was proclaimed king with the title “Zog”.
• 1933 – Maritime Lines Administration was monopolized by the state.
• 1939 – After Germany's attack on Poland, World War II World War II has begun.
• 1939 – Japan establishes a puppet state called the Mongolian Autonomous Government (Mengjiang) in northern China.
• 1946 – The Turkish Real Estate Credit Bank Establishment Law was accepted.
• 1947 – Parliament unanimously accepted the American aid agreement.
• 1953 – Anıtkabir was inaugurated and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's body was laid.
• 1967 – Cypriot mujahideen and students in Turkey protested the Government. Interior Minister Faruk Sükan announced that the protesters could be deported.
• 1969 – Muammar Gaddafi overthrew King Idris I in a military coup in Libya.
• 1974 – Muratağa, Sandallar and Atlılar Massacre: It was understood that 88 Turks from Muratağa and Sandallar villages of Famagusta were killed, burned and buried in a pit.
• 1974 - General Somoza is appointed Head of State in Nicaragua.
• 1976 – National swimmer Erdal Acet broke the world record by crossing the English Channel in 9 hours and 2 minutes and entered the top 10 rankings in this distance.
• 1979 - The US spacecraft Pioneer 11 becomes the first spacecraft to visit Saturn.
• 1980 – 19 people, including the CHP Zile District President, were killed in various parts of Turkey.
• 1985 - American oceanographer Robert Ballard and his team found the wreck of the RMS Titanic in two pieces, 4000 meters deep in the Atlantic Ocean.
• 1985 - CNN International channel was founded.
• 1991 - Uzbekistan declared its independence.
• 1993 – The War Resisters Association was founded.
• 2000 – Launch of the Citroën C5.
• 2002 – In South Korea, the death toll in two days reached nearly 40 in the most severe hurricane in the last 200 years.
• 2004 – School raid action in North Ossetia: A major hostage situation took place in the town of Beslan. In the events that started when radical Islamist groups raided a school in the town of Beslan in North Ossetia, 1200 people were taken hostage, 700 people were injured, and 344 people were killed by Russian soldiers, with the attitude of the Russian soldiers incomparable to the mujahideen. It was determined that the organizers of the action were Aslan Maskhadov and Shamil Basayev, as well as the expenses incurred by Al-Qaeda.
• 2006 – At least 29 people were killed when a passenger plane caught fire as it landed in the city of Mashhad in the north-east of Iran.

Births

• 1145 – Ibn Jubayr, medieval Andalusian poet and writer (d. 1217)
• 1651 – Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina, Russian Tsarina (d. 1694)
• 1653 – Johann Pachelbel, German baroque composer (d. 1706)
• 1787 – Jan Bake, Dutch linguist (d. 1864)
• 1801 – Godfrey Vigne, English amateur cricketer and traveler (d. 1863)
• 1815 – Emma Stebbins, American sculptor (d. 1882)
• 1823 – Servetsezâ Kadınefendi, first wife and lady of the Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid (d. 1878)
• 1835 – William Stanley Jevons, English economist and logician (d. 1882)
• 1846 – Carlo Cafiero, Italian anarchist (d. 1892)
• 1849 – Emil Zuckerkandl, Austro-Hungarian anatomist, anthropologist and scientist (d. 1910)
• 1854 – Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (representative of the late Romantic movement) (d. 1921)
• 1855 – Innokentiy Annensky, Russian poet (d. 1909)
• 1862 – Nitobe Inazō, Japanese agricultural economist, author, educator, diplomat, and politician (d. 1933)
• 1873 – Ivan Kliun, Russian painter (d. 1943)
• 1874 – Talat Pasha, Ottoman statesman, founding leader of the Ottoman Freedom Society and one of the founders of the Union and Progress (d. 1921)
• 1875 – Edgar Rice Burroughs, American author (d. 1950)
• 1877 – Francis William Aston, British chemist, physicist, and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (d. 1945)
• 1878 – JFC Fuller, British soldier, historian, and strategist (d. 1966)
• 1886 – Othmar Schoeck, Swiss composer (d. 1957)
• 1889 – Cafer Seydahmet Kirimer, Crimean Tatar and Turkish politician and statesman (d. 1960)
• 1895 – Hertha Sponer, German physicist and chemist (d. 1968)
• 1900 – Pedro Cea, Uruguayan football player (d. 1970)
• 1906 Arthur Rowe, English former football player and manager (d. 1993)
• 1907 – Mümtaz Ener, Turkish film actor, director, screenwriter and voice actor (d. 1989)
• 1920 – Richard Farnsworth, American actor and stuntman (d. 2000)
• 1922 – Yvonne De Carlo, Canadian-American actress, singer, and dancer (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Rocky Marciano, Italian-American boxer (d. 1969)
• 1924 – Ali Dündar, Turkish teacher and writer (d. 2020)
• 1925
  • Arvonne Fraser, American women's rights activist, educator, politician and author (d. 2018)
  • Roy Glauber, American theoretical physicist (d. 2018)
• 1926 – Nevzat Yalçın, Turkish Cypriot writer and poet (d. 2012)
• 1928
  • Sabri twentybeşoğlu, Turkish soldier (d. 2016)
  • Şemsettin Ünlü, Turkish poet, novelist and translator
• 1929 – Květa Fialová, Czech actress (d. 2017)
• 1930 – Turgut Özakman, Turkish writer (d. 2013)
• 1931
  • Michel Dupuch, French diplomat
  • Michael O. Rabin, Israeli computer scientist (d. 2008)
• 1932 – Derog Gioura, Nauruan politician
• 1933 – Conway Twitty, American singer (d. 1993)
• 1934 – Agustín Drake Aldama, Cuban sculptor, painter, and graphic artist (d. 2022)
• 1935 – Mel Lopez, Filipino bureaucrat and politician (d. 2017)
• 1936 – Özdemir İnce, Turkish poet
• 1937
  • Francisco Pinto Balsemão, Portuguese politician
  • Allen Jones, British pop art artist
• 1938 – Alan Dershowitz, American lawyer
• 1939 – Lily Tomlin, American actress, comedian, screenwriter, and author
• 1940 – Yaşar Büyükanıt, Turkish soldier and 25th Chief of General Staff of the TAF (d. 2019)
• 1941
  • Graeme Langlands, Former Australian professional rugby league player (d. 2018)
  • Mittie Lawrence, American actress and model
• 1942 – Sadettin Ökten, Turkish writer and retired lecturer
• 1944 – Barbara Carrera, Nicaraguan-American actress and model
• 1945 – Mustafa Balel, Turkish writer and translator
• 1946 – Barry Gibb, English singer, songwriter and producer
• 1949 – Fidel Castro Díaz-Balart, Cuban nuclear physicist and government official (d. 2018)
• 1950 – Mikhail Fradkov, Russian politician
• 1951 – Ferid Zoland, Afghan songwriter and composer
• 1952 – Michael Massee, American actor (d. 2016)
• 1953 – Ahmet Shah Mesut, Afghan soldier and politician of Tajik descent (d. 2001)
• 1954
  • Kemal Batmaz, Turkish former national football player, coach
  • Filip Vujanovic, Montenegrin politician
• 1955 – Olcay Tiryaki, Turkish internal medicine specialist and academic (d. 2008)
• 1957
  • Gloria Estefan, Cuban singer
  • Müge Oruçkaptan, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actress
• 1958
  • Sabri Bukadum is an Algerian politician
  • Arif Kocabıyık, Turkish former national football player, and manager
• 1960 – Parkan Özturan, Turkish theater, cinema, TV series actor, translator and writer
• 1961 – Bam Bam Bigelow, American wrestler (d. 2007)
• 1962
  • Tony Cascarino, Irish national football player
  • Ruud Gullit, Surinamese-Dutch football player and coach
• 1963 – Semih Yuvakuran, Turkish football player
• 1964 – Jaklin Güner, Turkish businesswoman and manager
• 1965
  • Craig McLachlan, Australian actor, musician and singer
  • Muharrem Usta, Turkish medical doctor, businessman and sports manager
• 1966 Ken Levine, American game developer
• 1967
  • Kadir Kapakdemir, Turkish TV series actor, radio broadcaster and TV producer
  • Sinan Ogan, Turkish strategic researcher and politician
  • Tuba Atav, Turkish journalist and newscaster
• 1968 – Mohammed Atta, Egyptian al-Qaeda member responsible for the suicide bombing of the World Trade Center in Manhattan during the September 11 attacks (d. 2001)
• 1969 – Henning Berg, Norwegian football player and manager
• 1970 – İbrahim Tenekeci, Turkish poet and writer
• 1971 – Hakan Şükür, Turkish football player and politician
• 1972 – Ali Sheikh Dib, Syrian national football player
• 1973 – Ayşe Önder, Turkish composer
• 1974 – Yutaka Yamamoto, Japanese anime director
• 1975
  • R. Blood Colonel, Flemish film director and actor
  • Scott Speedman, British-born Canadian actor
• 1976 – Jada Fire, African-American porn star
• 1977
  • David Albelda, Spanish football midfielder
  • Simona Rinieri, Italian volleyball player
• 1978 – Max Vieri, Australian international footballer
• 1980
  • Tutku Açık, Turkish basketball player
  • Sammy Adjei, Ghanaian international football player
• 1981 – Alper Çağlar, Turkish director
• 1982 – Jeffrey Buttle, Canadian figure skater
• 1983
  • Deniz Evin, Turkish actress
  • José Antonio Reyes, Spanish football player (d. 2019)
  • Gökhan Türkmen, Turkish pop artist
  • Marcelo Carrusca, Argentine football player
• 1984
  • Ludwig Göransson, Swedish composer, conductor and record producer
  • Lászlo Köteles, Hungarian football player
• 1986
  • Gaël Monfils, French male professional tennis player
  • Stella Mwangi, Kenyan-Norwegian singer
• 1989
  • Cindi Çelik, Turkish Muay Thai and kickboxer
  • Tom Kaulitz, German musician and guitarist of Tokio Hotel
  • Jefferson Montero, Ecuadorian national football player
  • Daniel Sturridge, English football player
• 1990
  • Mélanie René, Swiss singer
  • Guélor Kanga, Gabonese international football player
  • Ann Sophie, German singer
  • Yuji Senuma, Japanese football player
  • Scherri-Lee Biggs, Australian model
• 1991 – Irina Antonenko, Russian model and actress
• 1992
  • Cristiano Biraghi, Italian football player
  • Kirani James, Grenadian sprinter
  • Teaonui Tehau, Tahitian football player
• 1993
  • Jan Kliment, Czech football player
  • Mario Lemina, Gabonese international football player
• 1994 - Carlos Sainz Jr., Spanish Formula 1 driver
• 1995
  • Muhammet Akyıldız, Turkish football player
  • Munir El Haddadi, Moroccan national football player
• 1996 – Zendaya, American actress, singer, and dancer
• 1997
  • Hande Baladin, Turkish national volleyball player
  • Jeon Jungkook, South Korean singer
• 1998 – Asım Can Çaykıran, Turkish football player

Deaths

• 1159 – IV. Adrian, 169th Pope of the Catholic Church (the only English pope in history) (b. 1100)
• 1256 – Kujō Yoritsune, fourth shogun of the Kamakura shogunate (b. 1218)
• 1274 – Douceline of Digne, French Christian mystic (b. 1214)
• 1541 – Gül Baba, Bektashi Father, dervish and poet (b. ?)
• 1557 – Jacques Cartier, French navigator and explorer (b. 1491)
• 1574 – Guru Amar Das, third of the Sikh gurus (b. 1479)
• 1648 – Marin Mersenne, French theologian, philosopher, mathematician, and music theorist and priest known as the father of acoustics (b. 1588)
• 1715 – XIV. Louis, King of France (b. 1638)
• 1838 – William Clark, American explorer, Native American agent, and lieutenant (b. 1770)
• 1915 – Inoue Kaoru, Japanese politician (b. 1836)
• 1924 – Zeynelabidin Tagiyev, Azerbaijani businessman and philanthropist (b. 1821)
• 1961 – Eero Saarinen, Finnish-American architect (b. 1910)
• 1967 – Ilse Koch, German (Nazi) war criminal (b. 1906)
• 1970 – François Mauriac, French writer and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1885)
• 1981 - Albert Speer, German architect and Nazi Germany's World War II. Minister of Armaments during World War II (b. 1905)
• 1982 – Władysław Gomułka, Polish communist leader (b. 1905)
• 1987 – Mehmet Aslan, Turkish actor, screenwriter and director (b. 1931)
• 1988 – Luis Alvarez, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1911)
• 1989 – Kazimierz Deyna, Polish football player (b. 1947)
• 1997 – Zoltán Czibor, Hungarian football player (b. 1929)
• 1998 – Cary Middlecoff, American golfer (b. 1921)
• 1998 – Osman Fahir Seden, Turkish director (b. 1922)
• 1999 – Tarık Gürcan, Turkish voice actor and one of the first announcers of Istanbul Radio (b. 1928)
• 2003 – Hilmi Topaloğlu, Turkish music producer (b. 1952)
• 2004 – Mehmet Köstepen, Turkish politician (b. 1947)
• 2009 – Nevit Kodallı, Turkish composer, composer and music educator (b. 1925)
• 2012 – Sean Bergin, South African-Dutch musician (b. 1948)
• 2013 – Pál Csernai, Hungarian football player and manager (b. 1932)
• 2013 – Ignacio Eizaguirre, Spanish football goalkeeper (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Ole Ernst, Danish actor (b. 1940)
• 2013 – Tommy Morrison, American professional boxer who fought from 1988 to 1996 (b. 1969)
• 2014 – Tiraje Dikmen, Turkish painter (b. 1925)
• 2014 – Jimi Jamison, American rock singer and composer (b. 1951)
• 2014 – Gottfried John, German actor and comedian (b. 1942)
• 2015 – Dean Jones, American actor (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Kacey Jones, American country musician, songwriter, composer, and record producer (b. 1950)
• 2016 – Jon Polito, American actor and voice actor (b. 1950)
• 2017 – Armando Aste, Italian mountaineer (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Shelley Berman, American comedian, actress, radio artist, voice actor, author, screenwriter, educator, and poet (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Vladimír Brabec, Czech actor (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Charles Gordon-Lennox, British senior Government Official from 1935 to 1989 (b. 1929)
• 2017 – Elizabeth Kemp, American actress and acting instructor (b. 1951)
• 2017 – Paul Moreno, American bureaucrat and administrator from the El Paso, Texas Territory (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Emin Özdemir, Turkish academic, linguist and literature researcher (b. 1931)
• 2018 – Carl Duering, German-English actor (b. 1923)
• 2018 – Aram Gülyüz, Turkish director, producer and screenwriter (b. 1931)
• 2018 – Irving Petlin, American artist and painter (b. 1934)
• 2018 – Margit Sandemo, Norwegian writer and novelist (b. 1924)
• 2018 – Randy Weston, American black jazz pianist and composer (b. 1926)
• 2018 – İhsan Yarşater, Iranian linguist, historian and writer (b. 1920)
• 2019 – George Abe, Japanese manga artist, screenwriter, and actor (b. 1937)
• 2019 – Kenneth Baugh, Jamaican politician (b. 1941)
• 2019 – Adiss Harmandian, Lebanese pop singer (b. 1945)
• 2019 – Jukka Virtanen, Finnish presenter, comedian, actor, writer and director (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Nada Birko, Yugoslav cross-country runner (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Melanie Wade Goodwin, American female politician (b. 1970)
• 2020 – Sheila Ingram, American athlete (b. 1957)
• 2020 – Boris Klyuyev, Soviet-Russian actor and theater educator (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Vladislav Krapivin, Russian children's book author and journalist (b. 1938)
• 2021 – Adalberto Álvarez, Cuban musician, songwriter and composer (b. 1948)
• 2021 – Jean-Denis Bredin, French lawyer and writer (b. 1929)
• 2021 – Anna Cataldi, Italian human rights activist, journalist, filmmaker and writer (b. 1939)
• 2021 – Paul Chillan, former French football player (b. 1935)
• 2021 – Nusret Çetinel, Turkish actor and voice actor (b. 1952)
• 2021 – Daffney, American professional wrestler (b. 1975)
• 2021 – Carol Fran, American soul blues singer, pianist, and songwriter (b. 1933)
• 2021 – Doug Green, American politician (b. 1955)