Today in History: Sivas Cement Factory Started Production

June 5 is the 156nd day of the year (157rd in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 209.

Railways

• On June 5, 1880, the Minister of Nafia, Hasan Fehmi Pasha, stated that he has to construct the Hicaz Railway Line with the railway line that will cross Anatolia and reach Baghdad in the future of the Ottoman State's investment and public works projects.
• 5 June 1939 Changes to Tbilisi Railway's 9 July 1922 agreement have been made.

Events

• 1851 – Anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin (Life Among the Lowly) began to be serialized in a newspaper.
• 1923 – In the fire that broke out in the Greek Değirmenlik District of Şile, approximately 550 Greeks (most of them abandoned), 200 Islamic households, 100 shops, 1 mosque, 2 churches and some official buildings were burned.
• 1924 – Ali Haydar Bey (Yuluğ) was appointed to the city of Ankara.
• 1924 – Hoca Askerî was sentenced to death for preaching against the republic in Silifke.
• 1926 – Ankara Agreement was signed between the United Kingdom, Turkey, and Iraq. Turkey agreed to take a 25 percent share from the revenue of Mosul oil for 10 years and gave up its rights in Mosul. But later on, this right was also waived in exchange for £500.
• 1936 – The Law on the Establishment of the Ministry of Finance was enacted.
• 1941 – First Geography Congress convened in Ankara.
• 1943 – Sivas Cement Factory started production. It has been announced that 90 thousand tons of cement will be produced annually in the factory.
• 1946 – Law on single-stage parliamentary elections was passed. Amendments were made to the Societies Law to allow party formation on the basis of class.
• 1947 – The Marshall Plan: In a speech at Harvard University, United States Secretary of State George Marshall called for support for post-war Europe.
• 1953 – Adapazarı Sugar Factory was established. It has been announced that the factory will produce sugar by processing the beet produced in the region.
• 1957 – Gülhane Military Medical Academy was organized.
• 1964 – Upon the government's decision to intervene in Cyprus, the President of the United States of America Johnson sent a letter to İnönü stating that weapons belonging to the US aid could not be used in the intervention and that went down in the history of Turkey as the “Johnson Letter”.
• 1966 – Events known as Ortaca Incidents started, rape, extortion and attacks against Alevis took place in Ortaca district of Muğla.
• 1966 – Elections for the 52-seat Partial Senate were held.
• 1967 – Between Israel and Arab countries; The conflicts that went down in history as the “Six Day War” began. After the conflict, Israel acquired more territory than its own, and captured the Gaza Strip, the cities of Bethlehem and Hebron, the West Bank, and the Golan Heights.
• 1975 – The Suez Canal was opened to international maritime traffic 8 years later, after the Six-Day War.
• 1976 – The "Teton Dam" in the US state of Idaho collapses.
• 1977 – The Apple II, the first practical personal computer for home use, goes on sale.
• 1981 – The appearance of homosexuals on the stage was banned by some governorships, especially in Istanbul, on the grounds that they violated the general moral rules.
• 1981 - A weekly medical journal published by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that a rare form of pneumonia, which occurs only in patients with weakened immune systems, was found in 5 people in Los Angeles, California. These patients went down in history as the first confirmed AIDS cases.
• 1983 – The 12th and 47th executions of the 48 September Coup: On 7 September 1979, right-wing militants Halil Esendağ and Selçuk Duracık, who raided a bakery in Manisa Turgutlu and killed 4 left-wing bakers, were executed.

Births

• 1656 – Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, French naturalist (d. 1708)
• 1799 – Alexei Lvov, Russian composer (d. 1870)
• 1819 – John Couch Adams, English astronomer (d. 1892)
• 1878 – Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1923)
• 1883 – John Maynard Keynes, British economist (d. 1946)
• 1898 – Federico Garcia Lorca, Spanish poet (d. 1936)
• 1900 – Dennis Gabor, Hungarian-born English physicist, electrical engineer, and inventor (d. 1979)
• 1928 – Tony Richardson, English film director (d. 1991)
• 1931 – Jacques Demy, French film director (d. 1990)
• 1932 – Christy Brown, Irish writer and painter (d. 1981)
• 1932 – Yekta Güngör Özden, Turkish lawyer, writer and poet
• 1933 – William Kahan, Canadian mathematician and computer scientist
• 1939 – Joe Clark, Canadian businessman and politician
• 1941 – Ergün Aybars, Turkish historian and academic
• 1941 – Martha Argerich, Argentine concert pianist
• 1944 – Whitfield Diffie, American cypherologist
• 1946 – Coşkun Göğen (Rape Coşkun), Turkish actor
• 1946 – Stefania Sandrelli, Italian actress
• 1947 – Laurie Anderson, American avant-garde artist, composer, musician, and film director
• 1949 – Ken Follett, Welsh writer of historical and thriller novels
• 1952 Nicko McBrain, English singer
• 1954 – Haluk Bilginer, Turkish actor and director
• 1956 – Enis Berberoğlu, Turkish journalist, writer and politician
• 1958 – Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, Comorian politician
• 1960 – Kerem Alışık, Turkish actor
• 1960 - Leslie Hendrix, American actress
• 1962 – Astrid, King II. The second child and only daughter of Albert and Queen Paola, and sister of the current Belgian monarch, King Philippe
• 1964 – Rick Riordan, American fantasy writer
• 1966 – Aydoğan Aydın, Turkish soldier (d. 2017)
• 1967 – Ron Livingston, American film and television actor
• 1968 – Sebnem Sonmez, Turkish actress
• 1969 – Çiçek Dilligil, Turkish actress
• 1970 – Koji Noguchi, Japanese former international football player
• 1971 – Mark Wahlberg, American actor, musician, and television producer
• 1971 Susan Lynch, Northern Irish actress
• 1977 Liza Weil, American actress
• 1978 – Fernando Meira, Portuguese former football player
• 1978 – Nick Kroll, American actor, comedian, and voice actor
• 1979 - David Bisbal, Spanish singer
• 1979 – Pete Wentz, bassist and songwriter of Fall Out Boy
• 1981 – Serhat Akin, Turkish football player
• 1982 – Achille Emana, Cameroonian football player
• 1982 – Zvjezdan Misimović, Bosnian football player
• 1984 – Yusuf Güney, Turkish singer
• 1985 – Jeremy Abbott, American figure skater
• 1986 – Bárbara de Regil, Mexican actress
• 1987 – Marcus Thornton, American professional basketball player
• 1988 - Austin Daye, American professional basketball player
• 1989 – Ed Davis, American professional basketball player
• 1989 – Gilberto Oliveira Souza Junior, Brazilian football player
• 1989 – Khaleem Hyland, Trinidad and Tobago national football player
• 1989 – Léo Schwechlen, French football player
• 1989 – Yiğit Gökoğlan, Turkish football player
• 1990 – Ben Rienstra, Dutch football player
• 1990 – DJ Mustard, American music producer and DJ
• 1990 – Junior Hoilett, Canadian national football player
• 1990 – Masato Kudo, Japanese football player
• 1990 – Matthias Ostrzolek, Polish-German football player
• 1990 – Polina Rahimova, Azerbaijani volleyball player
• 1990 – Sekou Oliseh, Liberian football player
• 1991 – Lisa Schmidla, German rower
• 1991 – Martin Braithwaite, a Danish national football player of Guyana descent.
• 1992 – Emily Seebohm, Australian swimmer
• 1992 – Joazhiño Arroe, Peruvian football player
• 1992 – Yago Pikachu, Brazilian football player
• 1993 – Candido Ramírez, Mexican football player
• 1993 – Erdal Akdari, Turkish football player
• 1993 – Maria Thorisdottir, Norwegian national football player
• 1995 – Troye Sivan, South African-born Australian actress, singer, songwriter and former YouTuber
• 1996 – Marcão, Brazilian defender
• 1997 – Henry Onyekuru, Nigerian national football player
• 1997 – Kieran Tierney, Scottish footballer
• 1998 – Fabian Benko, German football player
• 1998 – Yuliya Lipnitskaia, Russian figure skater
• 2000 – Pierre Kalulu, French football player

Deaths

• 1017 – Sanjō, 67th emperor of Japan in the traditional succession order (b. 976)
• 1316 – Louis X, king of France (b. 1289)
• 1615 – Toyotomi Hideyori, Japanese samurai of the Sengoku period (b. 1593)
• 1816 – Giovanni Paisiello, Italian composer (b. 1741)
• 1826 - Carl Maria von Weber, German composer (b. 1786)
• 1832 – Kaʻahumanu, consort queen of the Kingdom of Hawaii (b. 1768)
• 1897 – Teodor Kasap, Ottoman journalist, writer and translator of Greek origin (b. 1835)
• 1900 – Stephen Crane, American author (b. 1871)
• 1910 – O. Henry, American short story writer (b. 1862)
• 1921 – Georges Feydeau, French playwright (b. 1862)
• 1944 – Riccardo Zandonai, Italian opera and western classical music composer and music educator (b. 1883)
• 1958 – Evelyn Ellis, American actress (b. 1894)
• 1965 – Wilhelm, prince of Sweden and Norway (b. 1884)
• 1971 – Cahit Irgat, Turkish cinema and theater actor (b. 1915)
• 1974 – Hilmi Ziya Ülken, Turkish philosopher and sociologist (b. 1901)
• 1977 – Fevzi al-Kavukçu, Arab soldier and politician (b. 1890)
• 1977 – Luis César Amadori, Italian-Argentine film director and screenwriter (b. 1902)
• 1993 – Conway Twitty, American singer (b. 1933)
• 1983 – Kurt Tank, German aeronautical engineer (b. 1898)
• 2004 – Necdet Mahfi Ayral, Turkish theater and cinema artist (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Ronald Reagan, 40th President of the United States (b. 1911)
• 2004 – Zahir Güvemli, Turkish writer, cartoonist and critic (b. 1913)
• 2005 – Susi Nicoletti, German-Austrian actress and ballerina (b. 1918)
• 2009 – Rajeev Motwani, Indian-born computer scientist (b. 1962)
• 2010 – Erdoğan Tokatlı, Turkish cinema director, writer and translator (b. 1939)
• 2011 – Ludo Martens, Belgian historian and communist politician (b. 1946)
• 2012 – Caroline John, English actress (b. 1940)
• 2012 – Ray Bradbury, American author (b. 1920)
• 2015 – Sadun Boro, Turkish sailor (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Tariq Aziz, Iraqi politician and former Iraqi Foreign Minister (b. 1936)
• 2016 – Jerome Bruner, American psychologist (b. 1915)
• 2017 – Andy Cunningham, English actor, puppeteer and writer (b. 1950)
• 2017 – Cheick Tioté, Ivory Coast national football player (b. 1986)
• 2017 – Helen Dunmore, English poet, novelist and children's writer (b. 1952)
• 2017 – Kathryn Stripling Byer, American poet and educator (b. 1944)
• 2018 – Brian Browne, Canadian jazz pianist and composer (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Daša Drndić, Croatian female writer and novelist (b. 1946)
• 2018 – Feng Ting-kuo, Taiwanese-Chinese politician (b. 1950)
• 2018 – Frank Bresee, American radio broadcaster and historian (b. 1929)
• 2018 – Jānis Bojārs, Lithuanian shot put athlete (b. 1956)
• 2018 – Kate Spade, American fashion designer and businesswoman (b. 1962)
• 2018 – Pierre Carniti, Italian politician and trade unionist (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Dinyar Contractor, Indian actor, comedian, director and writer (b. 1941)
• 2019 – Elio Sgreccia, Italian biologist and Cardinal (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Carlos Lessa, Brazilian economist and professor (b. 1936)
• 2020 – Keiko Itō, Japanese haiku poet (b. 1935)

Holidays and special occasions

• World Enviroment Day