Today in History: The First Turkish Passenger Aircraft Flies From Istanbul to Ankara

May 25 is the 145st day of the year (146nd in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 220.

Railways

• May 25, 1954 Turkey Rumeli railways have paid the last installment of the debt it has taken to.

Events

• 1571 – The Spanish Empire, the Republic of Venice and the Papal State decided to ally against the Ottoman Empire.
• 1924 – Turkey national football team lost 5-2 against Czechoslovakia in its first national match within the scope of the Olympic Games.
• 1937 – In Paris, the 1937 World's Fair begins. At the fair, where the Eiffel Tower was also located, the Worker and Farmer Woman Sculpture and the Nazi-made statue were exhibited side by side.
• 1944 – The first Turkish passenger plane, built in Nuri Demirağ's factory, flew from Istanbul to Ankara.
• 1953 - The USA conducted the first and only nuclear bomb test dropped by artillery at the test site in Nevada.
• 1954 – Turkey paid the last installment of Ottoman debts.
• 1954 – Turkey came first in the World Freestyle Wrestling Championship held in Tokyo.
• 1961 – US President John F. Kennedy, in a speech to the US Congress, declared that they would definitely set foot on the Moon before the end of the 1960s.
• 1963 – 32 African countries came together to establish the Organization of African Unity. It was renamed the African Union on 9 July 2002.
• 1977 – Kirkuk-Yumurtalık Oil Pipeline was opened and the first tanker loading was carried out.
• 1977 - Star Wars movie is released.
• 1982 - British during the Falklands War Hms coventry The destroyer was sunk by Argentine aircraft.
• 1983 - The National Security Council passed the abortion bill.
• 1988 - Iraq recaptured Basra from Iran.
• 1989 - Mikhail Gorbachev becomes President of the Soviet Union.
• 1997 – General Rashid Dostum fled Afghanistan and took refuge in Turkey.
• 2001 – Erik Weihenmayer, 32, from Colorado, became the first visually impaired person to reach the summit of Mount Everest.
• 2003 – Nuri Bilge Ceylan at the 56th Cannes Film Festival Uzak Grand Prize, Gus Van Sant's File (Elephant) won the Palme d'Or award.
• 2005 – The first oil was delivered to the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline, which is intended to transport Azeri oil to the world market via Turkey.
• 2005 – UEFA Champions League 2004-2005 season final was held at Atatürk Olympic Stadium. The match ended 3-3 in regular time, Liverpool beat Milan 6-5 on penalties.
• 2008 – Nuri Bilge Ceylan won the Best Director Award at the 61st Cannes Film Festival, Three monkey with the movie. Ceylan, while embracing her award, said, "Dedicated to my lonely and beautiful country" said. Ceylan broke a record by winning the award for the third time in Cannes.
• 2008 – Spacecraft Phoenix landed on Mars.^[1]
• 2010 – A military plane making a training flight crashed in the middle of the street in Samandıra. 3 personnel were slightly injured.

Births

• 1320 – Togon Temür, last Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty (d. 1370)
• 1334 – Sukō, third Northern Claimant during the Nanboku-chō period in Japan (d. 1398)
• 1616 – Carlo Dolci, Italian painter (d. 1686)
• 1803 – Ralph Waldo Emerson, American author and philosopher (d. 1882)
• 1818 – Jacob Burckhardt, Swiss historian (d. 1897)
• 1856 – Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, French general (d. 1942)
• 1860 – James McKeen Cattell, American scientist (d. 1944)
• 1865 – Pieter Zeeman, Dutch scientist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 1943)
• 1889 – Igor Sikorsky, Russian-American scientist (who built the first successful helicopter) (d. 1972)
• 1915 – Zeyyat Mandalinci, Turkish politician (d. 1990)
• 1921 – Jack Steinberger, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in physics (d. 2020)
• 1922 – Enrico Berlinguer, Italian politician and General Secretary of the Italian Communist Party (d. 1984)
• 1927 – Robert Ludlum, American author (d. 2001)
• 1939 – Ian McKellen, English actor
• 1941 – Winfried Bölke, German racing cyclist (d. 2021)
• 1941 – Vladimir Voronin, Moldovan politician and former president of Moldova
• 1945 – Meriç Başaran, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1946 – Sümeyra, Turkish singer (d. 1990)
• 1948 – Bulent Arinc, Turkish politician
• 1948 – Klaus Meine, German singer
• 1952 – Petǎr Stoyanov, Bulgarian politician who was President of Bulgaria from 1997 to 2002
• 1953 – Daniel Passarella, Argentinean former football player, coach and manager
• 1953 – Gaetano Scirea, Italian football player (d. 1989)
• 1957 – Éder, Brazilian international football player
• 1957 – Mehmet Özhaseki, Turkish politician
• 1958 – Tulug Cizgen, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1960 – Wallace Roney, American jazz trumpeter (d. 2020)
• 1961 – İsmail Kartal, Turkish coach and former national football player
• 1961 – Tite, Brazilian manager and former football player
• 1963 – Nergis Kumbasar, Turkish model, actress, presenter and screenwriter
• 1963 – Mike Myers, English-Canadian actor, comedian, screenwriter, and filmmaker
• 1965 – Yahya Jammeh, Gambian soldier and politician
• 1965 – Mariann Mayberry, American actress (d. 2017)
• 1967 – Luc Nilis, former Belgian football player and coach
• 1969 – Anne Heche, American actress, director, and screenwriter
• 1972 – Tardu Flordun, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1973 – Daz Dilinger, American rapper and producer
• 1973 – Tomasz Zdebel, Polish football player
• 1975 – Lauryn Hill, American musician, record producer, actress, R&B/Soul and hip-hop singer
• 1976 – Cillian Murphy, Irish actor
• 1976 - Ethan Suplee, American actor
• 1976 – Stefan Holm, Swedish athlete
• 1978 - Adam Gontier, Canadian musician
• 1978 – Dilek Türkan, Turkish voice artist
• 1979 - Carlos Bocanegra, American football player
• 1979 – Seyed Muavvaz, former Egyptian national football player
• 1979 – Burak Satıbol, Turkish theater actor
• 1982 – Roger Guerreiro, Brazilian-born Poland national football team player
• 1982 – Ezekiel Kemboi, Kenyan middle distance runner
• 1984 – Emma Marrone, Italian pop/rock singer
• 1985 – Demba Ba, French-born Senegalese football player
• 1985 – Tuğba Daşdemir, Turkish alpine skier
• 1986 – Geraint Thomas, Welsh road bike and track bike racer
• 1986 – Juri Ueno, Japanese actress
• 1987 – Jackson Mendy, French-born Senagalese football player
• 1987 – Kamil Stoch, Polish ski jumper
• 1990 - Bo Dallas, American professional wrestler. Currently a WWE wrestler
• 1990 – Majda Mehmedović, Montenegrin handball player
• 1991 – Derrick Williams, American professional basketball player
• 1994 – Batuhan Artarslan, Turkish football player

Deaths

• 615 – IV. Bonifacius was Pope from September 25, 608 until his death in 615 (b. 550)
• 735 – Bede, first historiographer, theologian, historian, and chronologist of the Anglo-Saxon world (b. 672/673)
• 986 – Abdurrahman al-Sufi, Persian astronomer (b. 903)
• 992 – Mieszko I, king of Poland from 960 until his death in 992 (b. 945)
• 1085 – VII. Gregory was Pope from 22 April 1073 to 25 May 1085. 157th pope (b. ?)
• 1261 – IV. Alexander, Pope (b. 1199)
• 1681 – Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Spanish poet, dramatist, soldier, clergyman (b. 1600)
• 1724 – Osmanzâde Ahmed Tâib, Ottoman Divan poet (b. ?)
• 1848 – Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, German writer (b. 1797)
• 1899 – Vasily Vasilyevsky, Russian historian (b. 1838)
• 1917 – Maksim Bahdanovič, Belarusian poet, journalist, and literary critic (b. 1891)
• 1934 – Gustav Holst, English composer (b. 1874)
• 1954 – Robert Capa, Hungarian-American photographer (b. 1913)
• 1963 – Mehdi Frashëri, Prime Minister of Albania (b. 1872)
• 1965 – Joseph Grew, American diplomat (b. 1880)
• 1965 – Sonny Boy Williamson II, American singer and composer (b. 1912)
• 1968 – Georg von Küchler, German officer and Generalfield Marshal of Nazi Germany (b. 1881)
• 1970 – Christopher Dawson, British historian (b. 1889)
• 1970 – Nizamettin Nazif Tepedelenlioğlu, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1901)
• 1974 – Donald Crisp, English actor and producer, director, and screenwriter (b. 1882)
• 1974 – Ulvi Uraz, Turkish theater and cinema artist (b. 1921)
• 1983 – Idris I, King of Libya (b. 1890)
• 1983 – Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, Turkish poet, journalist and writer (b. 1904)
• 1988 – Karl Wittfogel, German-American playwright, linguist historian, turcologist, sinologist, teacher, author, and politician (b. 1896)
• 1994 – Atilla Galatalı, Turkish ceramic artist (b. 1936)
• 2001 – Alberto Korda, Cuban photographer (b. 1928)
• 2011 – Leonora Carrington, British-born Mexican painter and writer (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polish soldier and President of Poland (b. 1923)
• 2017 – Alistair Horne, English journalist, biographer and historian (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Eva Estrada Kalaw, Filipino politician and professor (b. 1920)
• 2017 – Ali Tanrıyar, Turkish physician, politician and sportsman (b. 1914)
• 2017 – Emili Vicente, Former Spanish football player, coach and manager (b. 1965)
• 2018 – Dean Francis, Former English boxer and trainer (b. 1974)
• 2018 – Piet Kee, Dutch composer and organist (b. 1927)
• 2018 – Naser Malek, Iranian actor and director (b. 1930)
• 2019 – Margaret-Ann Armor, Scottish-born British-Canadian chemist and educator (b. 1939)
• 2019 – Paolo Babbini, Italian politician (b. 1935)
• 2019 – Claus von Bülow, Danish-born English socioelite, lawyer and critic (b. 1926)
• 2019 – Jean Burns, Australian female pilot (b. 1919)
• 2019 – Anthony Graziano, American mobster and smuggler (b. 1940)
• 2020 – Bucky Baxter, American multi-instrumentalist (b. 1955)
• 2020 – George Floyd, African-American (b. 1973)
• 2020 – Ismail Gamadiid, Somali Puntlander politician (b. 1960)
• 2020 – Renate Krößner, German actress (b. 1945)
• 2020 – Marvin Luster, professional American football player (b. 1937)
• 2020 – Vadão, Brazilian football manager (b. 1956)
• 2021 – Eilat Mazar, an Israeli archaeologist (b. 1956)
• 2021 – José Meltión Chávez, Argentine Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1957)