Today in History: Mustafa Kemal Pasha Appointed to the Ninth Army Inspectorate

April 30 is the 120nd (121rd in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 245.

Railways

• April 30, 1961 16 people died in a train accident in Kartal, Istanbul.
• 30 April 1995 Taksim - Şişli and 4.Levent tunnels were united.

Events

• 1006 – SN 1006, the brightest Supernova ever recorded, observed in the constellation Wolf.
• 1563 - King VI. By order of Charles, all Jews were expelled from France.
• 1789 - George Washington becomes the first President of the United States.
• 1803 - The United States bought the Louisiana territory from France for $15 million. Thus, the territory of the young country has doubled. This exchange is called the "Louisiana purchase" in history.
• 1919 – Mustafa Kemal Pasha was appointed to the Ninth Army Inspectorate.
• 1920 – The Grand National Assembly convened in Ankara regarding the Peace Conference to be convened in Paris, with a letter sent to the Ministries of Foreign Affairs of the party countries, and declared that a government separate from Istanbul was established.
• 1939 – The New York World Exhibition was opened, in which Turkey also participated.
• 1945 - Adolf Hitler and Eva Braun, whom he had married the day before, committed suicide.
• 1955 - North Vietnam adopts the flag of Vietnam, which is used today, as its official flag for the first time.
• 1959 – Events broke out during İsmet İnönü's trip to Uşak. The police used tear gas to disperse the people.
• 1960 – One day, a curfew was declared in Istanbul.
• 1960 – Due to the cartoon of Ali Ulvi Ersoy, Cumhuriyet newspaper was closed for 10 days.
• 1964 – The Presidency of Religious Affairs announced the implementation of birth control to the public with a fatwa.
• 1967 – CHP Fourth Extraordinary Congress concluded. 33 Deputies and 15 Senators, led by Kayseri Deputy Turhan Feyzioğlu, who opposed the left-of-center policy adopted at the Congress, resigned from the party.
• 1975 – North Vietnamese troops enter the Independence Palace in Saigon, ending the Vietnam War.
• 1975 – The Workers' Party of Turkey, which was dissolved in 1971 by the Constitutional Court, was re-established.
• 1981 – President General Kenan Evren spoke in Erzincan: “Imagine a person who will take a gun; He will slaughter and kill eight people, ten people, twenty people like animals. After that, I will not execute him!”
• 1982 – The 12th execution of the 16 September Coup: The right-wing militant Cengiz Baktemur, who killed Hasan Doğan, the head of the Malatya Doğanşehir Republican People's Party Youth Branch on February 20, 1980, was executed.
• 1986 – After the nuclear accident that occurred as a result of the Chernobyl reactor accident, it was learned by the whole world that a large amount of fission products were released into the atmosphere.
• 1993 – The internet, which is used today with the prefix WWW, was made accessible to the public by the European Center for Nuclear Research (CERN).
• 1998 – The USA counted the PKK as one of the most dangerous terrorist organizations.
• 1998 – The NATO Council issues the Kosovo Declaration. Rejecting violence, the alliance warned Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic.
• 1998 – PKK opened the Balkans Bureau in Athens, the capital of Greece, with the participation of some Greek parliamentarians.
• 1999 – Ankara State Security Court No. 2 decided that the trial of Abdullah Öcalan would continue uninterrupted on Imrali Island as of Monday, May 31.
• 2003 – Metrocity shopping center opened in Istanbul.
• 2013 – Tahir Canan, Turkey's longest-serving prisoner (32,5 years), was released.

Births

• 1310 – III. Casimir was ruler of the Polish Kingdom from 1333 to 1370 (d. 1370), the predecessor of present-day Poland
• 1662 – II. Mary, his wife, from 1689 until his death in 1694. & II. Co-reigning Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland (d. 1694)
• 1723 – Mathurin Jacques Brisson, French zoologist and natural philosopher (d. 1806)
• 1770 – David Thompson, British-Canadian fur trader, surveyor, and mapmaker (d. 1857)
• 1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician and scientist (d. 1855)
• 1803 – Albrecht von Roon, Prussian soldier and statesman (d. 1879)
• 1857 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1939)
• 1870 – Franz Lehár, Hungarian composer (d. 1948)
• 1883 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech novelist (d. 1923)
• 1896 – Giuseppe Vaccaro, Italian architect (d. 1970)
• 1902 – Theodore Schultz, American economist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998)
• 1916 – Bob Pirie, Canadian swimmer (d. 1984)
• 1916 – Claude Elwood Shannon, American mathematician and electrical engineer (d. 2001)
• 1926 – Cloris Leachman, American actress, comedian, and Academy Award winner for Best Supporting Actress (d. 2021)
• 1933 - Willie Nelson, American country-folk artist
• 1938 – Larry Niven, American science fiction writer
• 1946 – XVI. Carl Gustaf, King of Sweden
• 1949 – António Guterres, Portuguese politician and 9th Secretary-General of the United Nations
• 1949 – Selim İleri, Turkish writer, screenwriter and critic
• 1952 – Jacques Audiard, French film director and screenwriter
• 1954 – Jane Campion, New Zealand film director, screenwriter, and Oscar winner
• 1954 – Kim Darroch, British ambassador
• 1955 – Nicolas Hulot, French politician, writer, photographer, journalist
• 1956 – Lars von Trier, Danish film director and screenwriter
• 1958 – Charles Berling, French actor
• 1959 – Stephen Harper, Canadian politician and 22nd Prime Minister of Canada
• 1961 – Arnor Guðjohnsen, Icelandic former national football player
• 1961 – Thomas Schaaf, German football player and manager
• 1961 – Isiah Thomas, American basketball player
• 1965 – Adrian Pasdar, American actor and film director
• 1969 – Paulo Jr., Brazilian musician
• 1970 – Halit Ergenç, Turkish cinema and theater actor
• 1973 – Leigh Francis, comedian, actress, and voice actor
• 1975 – Johnny Galecki, American actor
• 1976 – Victor J. Glover, US astronaut
• 1976 – Namık from Ankara, Turkish musician, songwriter, composer and actor (d. 2015)
• 1976 – Amanda Palmer, American singer-songwriter
• 1978 – Ayça İnci, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actress
• 1978 – Simone Barone, Italian football player
• 1979 - Gerardo Torrado, Mexican former football player
• 1980 – Luis Scola, Argentine professional basketball player
• 1980 – Jeroen Verhoeven, Dutch football player
• 1981 – Rasim Ozan Kütahyalı, Turkish columnist and television commentator
• 1981 – John O'Shea, Irish former football player
• 1982 – Kirsten Dunst, American actress
• 1982 – Christopher Charles Lloyd, stage name Lloyd Banks, American rapper and member of the group G-Unit
• 1982 – Drew Seeley, Canadian-American actor, singer, songwriter, and dancer
• 1983 – Tatjana Hüfner, German sledge
• 1985 – Gal Gadot, Israeli actress and model
• 1986 – Dianna Agron, American actress and singer
• 1989 – Tunay Acar, Turkish-German football player
• 1990 – Michael Schulte, German singer
• 1991 – Christos Milordos, Greek Cypriot singer
• 1992 – Finn Lemke, German handball player
• 1992 – Jacques Webster, stage name Travis Scott, American rapper and producer
• 1992 – Marc-André ter Stegen, German goalkeeper
• 1992 – Paweł Wszołek, Polish football player
• 1993 – Amine Gülşe, Turkish actress and model
• 1994 - Chae Seo-jin, a South Korean actress
• 1996 – Augusto Batalla, Argentine football player
• 1998 – Olivia DeJonge, Australian actress
• 2002 – Teden Mengi, English football player

Deaths

• 65 – Lucan (Marcus Annaeus Lucanus), Roman poet (b. 39)
• 1030 – Mahmud of Ghazni, founder of the Ghazni State (b. 971)
• 1063 – Renzong, fourth emperor of China's Song Dynasty (b. 1010)
• 1305 – Roger de Flor, condottiere, who was active in the Mediterranean coasts and Anatolian lands, especially in Sicily and the Byzantine Empire (b. 1267)
• 1632 – III. Sigismund Vasa, king of Sweden and Grand Duke of Finland (b. 1566)
• 1642 – Dmitri Pojarski was a Russian prince known for his military leadership during the Polish-Russian War from 1611 to 1612 (b. 1577)
• 1751 – Petro Lassi was a general who commanded the Russian armies in the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739 (b. 1678)
• 1792 – John Montagu, English politician and diplomat (inventor of the sandwich) (b. 1718)
• 1821 – Benderli Ali Pasha, Ottoman grand vizier and statesman (b. ?)
• 1847 – Karl (Duke of Teschen), archduke of Austria, military reformer and theorist (b. 1771)
• 1865 – Robert FitzRoy, English meteorologist and sailor (b. 1805)
• 1883 – Édouard Manet, French painter, co-founder of impressionism (b. 1832)
• 1885 – Jens Peter Jacobsen, Danish poet, author, scientist (b. 1847)
• 1889 – Carl Rosa, German-born English opera composer and manager (b. 1842)
• 1921 – Kamures Hanım, first wife of Mehmed V (b. 1855)
• 1945 – Adolf Hitler, Austrian-born German politician and writer (dictator of Nazi Germany) (b. 1889)
• 1945 – Eva Braun, long-term partner and briefly wedded wife of Adolf Hitler (b. 1912)
• 1956 – Alben W. Barkley, American politician and 35th vice president of the United States (b. 1877)
• 1970 – Inger Stevens, Swedish-born American actress (b. 1934)
• 1974 – Agnes Moorehead, American actress (b. 1900)
• 1982 – Lester Bangs, American music critic, author, and musician (b. 1948)
• 1983 – Georges Balanchine, Georgian-American choreographer (b. 1904)
• 1983 – Muddy Waters, American musician (b. 1913)
• 1989 – Sergio Leone, Italian filmmaker and director (b. 1929)
• 1994 – Roland Ratzenberger, Austrian F1 racer (b. 1960)
• 1998 – Nizar Qabbani, Syrian poet, writer and diplomat (b. 1923)
• 2000 – Poul Hartling, Danish diplomat and politician (b. 1914)
• 2007 – Gordon Scott, American actor (b. 1926)
• 2010 – Gerry Ryan, Irish author, television presenter and newscaster (b. 1956)
• 2011 – Ernesto Sabato, Argentine writer (b. 1911)
• 2012 – Benzion Netanyahu, Polish-born Israeli historian and Zionist activist (b. 1910)
• 2015 – Benjamin Earl King, American soul singer (b. 1938)
• 2015 – Henriette Ragon, better known as Patachou, French singer and actress (b. 1918)
• 2015 – Peter Nigel Terry, English actor and dubbing artist (b. 1945)
• 2016 – Daniel Aaron, American author and academic (b. 1912)
• 2016 – Uwe Friedrichsen, German film and TV actor (b. 1934)
• 2016 – Harry Kroto, British chemist who shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Curl and Richard Smalley (b. 1939)
• 2017 – Belchior, Brazilian singer and composer (b. 1946)
• 2017 – Lorna Gray, American actress (b. 1917)
• 2017 – Ueli Steck, Swiss mountaineer and climbing athlete (b. 1976)
• 2018 – Joel Kovel, American author and psychiatrist (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Anémone, French actress (b. 1950)
• 2019 – Beth Carvalho, Brazilian female singer, composer, dance musician, and politician (b. 1946)
• 2019 – Luciano Comaschi, Italian manager and former football player (b. 1931)
• 2019 – Peter Mayhew, English actor (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Suleiman Adamu, Nigerian politician (b. 1963)
• 2020 – Tony Allen, Nigerian drummer, composer and lyricist (b. 1940)
• 2020 – Óscar Chávez, Mexican singer, songwriter, composer and actor (b. 1935)
• 2020 – Jordan Cox, English rugby union player (b. 1992)
• 2020 – Kundanika Kapadia, Indian novelist, short story writer and essayist (b. 1927)
• 2020 – Rishi Kapoor, Indian Actor (b. 1952)
• 2020 – Sam Lloyd, well-known American actor, a capella singer, and musician (b. 1963)
• 2020 – Jean-Marc Manducher, French businessman and sports executive (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Sylvie Vincent, Canadian anthropologist and ethnologist (b. 1941)
• 2020 – Yu Lihua, Taiwanese-American writer and teacher (b. 1931)
• 2021 – Claudia Barrett, American actress (b. 1929)
• 2021 – Aleksei Bespalikov, Soviet-Russian politician (b. 1948)
• 2021 – Eli Broad, American billionaire businessman and philanthropist (b. 1933)
• 2021 – Kęstutis Glaveckas, Lithuanian politician (b. 1949)

Holidays and special occasions

• International Jazz Day
• World Veterinarians Day (2016)
• Withdrawal of Russian and Armenian troops from Muş (1918)
• Orthotic Prosthesis Day