Today in History: A Voice Can Be Recorded for the First Time in the World

April 9 is the 99nd (100rd in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 266.

Railways

• 9 APRIL 1921 The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (6) has introduced the 1888 railway line with the Anatolian-Baghdad Railway. Transportation charges on the lines were taken according to the tariffs prepared in 1892, 1902 and XNUMX according to the location of the line. The government wanted to restrict the civilian transportation of railways to the military and to provide income.
• April 9, 1923 American Admiral Colby M. Chester's "Chester Project" was accepted by the Turkish Grand National Assembly. The Ottoman-American Development Company was to run the project. The agreement was signed on April 29.

Events

• 1770 - Morea victory. 
• 1860 – For the first time in the world, a sound could be recorded.
• 1932 – The first female judge, Mürüvvet Hanım, started to work in Adana.
• 1936 – Istanbul Telephone Company was bought by the state.
• 1945 – Domestic bulb production started in Turkey.
• 1952 – Orhan Hançerlioğlu was appointed to the Directorate of City Theaters. Hançerlioğlu was previously the Third Branch Manager of the Istanbul Police Department.
• 1957 – The Suez Canal was cleared of shipwrecks and reopened to ship traffic.
• 1953 - The first XNUMXD movie Museum of Mummies (House of Wax), released by the Warner Brothers company.
• 1958 – CHP's publication organ Nation The newspaper was closed for the third time. The closure was caused by an article by Ankara Deputy Bülent Ecevit.
• 1967 – Boeing 10575 made its first flight, of which 9 have been produced to date (as of April 2020, 737).
• 1969 – The first Concorde aircraft manufactured in England made its maiden flight.
• 1979 – Cartilage transplant was performed in a patient's ear for the first time in Turkey.
• 1982 – Anıtkabir Directorate was attached to the Anıtkabir Command under the General Staff.
• 1985 – The leader of the closed Nationalist Movement Party, Alparslan Türkeş, was released after being imprisoned for 4,5 years.
• 1991 – With the popular vote in Georgia, independence from the Soviet Union was decided.
• 1991 – The bus carrying Greek tourists coming to Istanbul for Easter was set on fire by a mentally ill person in front of the Vezneciler Hamidiye Hotel. In the event; 5 people, including 33 children, were burned to death.
• 2003 – A few weeks after the invasion of Iraq by the US-led coalition forces began, Baghdad fell.
• 2011 – Alphen aan den Rijn shopping mall attack: In Alphen aan den Rijn, 33 km southwest of Amsterdam, six people are killed by a murderer who entered the Ridderhof Shopping Centre.

Births

• 1096 – Muktafi is the thirty-first of the Abbasid caliphs (d. 1160)
• 1285 – Buyantu Khan, 8th Mongol Khan, 4th Emperor of the Yuan Dynasty and emperor of China (d. 1320)
• 1802 – Elias Lönnrot, Finnish physicist, philologist, and poet (d. 1884)
• 1815 – Louis de Mas Latrie, French historian and diplomat (d. 1897)
• 1821 – Charles Baudelaire, French poet (d. 1867)
• 1830 – Eadweard Muybridge, English-American photographer (d. 1904)
• 1835 – II. Leopold, King of Belgium (d. 1909)
• 1865 – Erich Ludendorff, German general (d. 1937)
• 1892 – Mary Pickford, Canadian-American actress (d. 1979)
• 1895 – Michel Simon, French actor (d. 1975)
• 1898 – Paul Robeson, American singer (d. 1976)
• 1908 – Vecihe Daryal, Turkish law virtuoso (d. 1970)
• 1926 Hugh Hefner, American businessman (d. 2017)
• 1933 – Jean Paul Belmondo, French actor (d. 2021)
• 1933 – René Burri, Swiss photographer (d. 2014)
• 1934 – Les Thornton, English professional wrestler (d. 2019)
• 1936 – Ferdinando Imposimato, Italian lawyer, activist, judge and politician (d. 2018 )
• 1936 – Ljubomir Ćipranić, Serbian actor (d. 2010)
• 1944 – Leyla Khaled, a member of the Palestine People's Liberation Organization
• 1948 - Patty Pravo, Italian singer
• 1949 – Tony Cragg, British sculptor
• 1952 – Tania Canaklidu, Greek singer
• 1954 – Dennis Quaid, American actor
• 1955 – Joolz Denby, English poet and writer
• 1956 – Cahide Birgül, Turkish writer (d. 2009)
• 1957 – Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer (d. 2011)
• 1963 – Marc Jacobs, American fashion designer
• 1963 – Erdal Tosun, Turkish actor (d. 2016)
• 1965 - Mark Pellegrino, American film and television actor
• 1966 Cynthia Nixon, American actress
• 1967 – Sam Harris, American philosopher, neuroscientist, author, and podcast host
• 1969 – Linda Kisabaka, German athlete
• 1971 - Jacques Villeneuve is a Canadian former Formula 1 driver.
• 1972 – Barış Falay, Turkish actor
• 1974 – Jenna Jameson, American actress
• 1975 – David Gordon Green is an American filmmaker.
• 1976 – Barış Şimşek, Turkish football referee
• 1977 – Gerard Way, American musician and vocalist of My Chemical Romance
• 1978 – Jorge Andrade, Portuguese former football player
• 1978 – Cameron Cartio, Iranian-Swedish vocalist
• 1978 – Naman Keïta, French athlete
• 1978 – Rachel Stevens, English singer, songwriter, actress, dancer, and model
• 1979 - Katsuni, French porn actress
• 1980 – Luciano Galletti, Argentine football player
• 1980 – Albert Hammond Jr. is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, and record producer.
• 1981 – Ireneusz Jeleń, former Polish national football player
• 1982 – Jay Baruchel, Canadian actor
• 1982 – Mohammed Dahmane, Algerian football player
• 1982 - Carlos Hernández, Costa Rican international football player
• 1985 – Antonio Nocerino, Italian football player
• 1986 – Leighton Meester, American actress
• 1987 – Kassim Abdallah is a French national football player from Comoros.
• 1987 – Jesse McCartney, American singer and actor
• 1990 - Kristen Stewart, American actress
• 1998 - Elle Fanning, American actress
• 1998 – Enes Batur Sungurtekin, Turkish Youtuber
• 1999 Isaac Hempstead Wright, English actor
• 1999 – Lil Nas X, American singer

Deaths

• 585 BC – Jimmu, in Japanese mythology, was the first founder and first emperor of Japan (b. 660 BC)
• 491 – Zeno, Eastern Roman Emperor (b. 425)
• 715 – Constantine, papacy from March 25, 708 until his death on April 9, 715 (b. 708)
• 1024 – VIII. Benedict was Pope from 18 May 1012 to 9 April 1024.
• 1483 – IV. Edward, King of England (b. 1461), first during 1470–1471 and second time during 1483–1442
• 1492 – Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian statesman and Ruler of the City-State of Florence (b. 1449)
• 1550 – Elkas Mirza, Safavid shah and governor of Shirvan Province (b. 1516)
• 1553 – François Rabelais, French writer (b. 1494)
• 1557 – Mikael Agricola, 16th-century Finnish Lutheran cleric (b. 1510)
• 1626 – Francis Bacon, English statesman and philosopher (b. 1561)
• 1754 – Christian Wolff, German philosopher (b. 1679)
• 1768 – Sarah Fielding, English writer and novelist, sister of Henry Fielding (b. 1710)
• 1806 – William V, Prince of Orange (b. 1748)
• 1882 – Dante Gabriel Rossetti, English poet, painter, illustrator, and translator (b. 1828)
• 1889 – Michel-Eugène Chevreul, French chemist (b. 1786)
• 1904 – II. Isabel, Queen of Spain (b. 1830)
• 1916 – Mehmet Muzaffer, Turkish officer
• 1936 – Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist (b. 1855)
• 1940 – Miss Patrick Campbell, English stage actor (b. 1865)
• 1945 – Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologian (known for his opposition to Nazism) (b. 1906)
• 1945 – Georg Elser, German carpenter (who unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate Hitler) (b. 1903)
• 1945 – Hans Oster, Wehrmacht general in Nazi Germany (b. 1887)
• 1945 – Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral and President of the Abwehr in Nazi Germany (b. 1887)
• 1950 – Cemil Cem, Turkish cartoonist (b. 1882)
• 1951 – Fesa Evrensev, first Turkish fighter pilot (b. 1878)
• 1959 – Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect (b. 1867)
• 1961 – Ahmet Zogoğlu, King of Albania (b. 1895)
• 1963 – Xul Solar, Argentine painter and sculptor (b. 1887)
• 1964 – Nuriye Ulviye Mevlan Civelek, Turkish journalist and one of Turkey's first women's rights advocates (b. 1893)
• 1976 – Phil Ochs, American protest musician (b. 1940)
• 1980 – Mohammed Baqir al-Sadr, clergyman, Shiite impersonator, and Iraqi politician (b. 1935)
• 1982 – Turan Güneş, Turkish politician (b. 1922)
• 1985 – Şaziye Moral, Turkish theater actress (b. 1903)
• 1988 – Şevket Rado, Turkish poet, journalist and writer (b. 1913)
• 1993 – Kemal Ilıcak, Turkish journalist and owner of Tercüman newspaper (b. 1932)
• 2000 – Tony Cliff, Ottoman-born British Marxist political theorist (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Vilgot Sjöman was a Swedish screenwriter and filmmaker (b. 1924)
• 2011 – Sidney Lumet, American film director (b. 1924)
• 2012 – Meral Okay, Turkish screenwriter, actress and songwriter (b. 1959)
• 2012 – José Guardiola, Spanish singer (b. 1930)
• 2013 – Emilio Pericoli, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Nina Companéez, French screenwriter and film director (b. 1937)
• 2016 – Arthur Anderson, American radio, film, television, theater actor, and voice actor (b. 1922)
• 2017 – Knut Borge, Norwegian journalist and television presenter (b. 1949)
• 2017 – Carme Chacón, Spanish politician and Spain's first female defense minister (b. 1971)
• 2017 – Margarita Isabel, Ariel Award-winning Mexican film and television actress (b. 1941)
• 2018 – Felix Chen, Taiwanese conductor (b. 1942)
• 2018 – Peter Grünberg, German physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1939)
• 2019 – Elwyn Ralph Berlekamp, ​​American mathematician and computer engineer (b. 1940)
• 2019 – Charles Lincoln Van Doren, American author, editor, and publisher (b. 1926)
• 2019 – Nikolai Stepanovich Gorbachev, Russian canoe racer (b. 1948)
• 2019 – Aykut Işıklar, Turkish journalist, radio broadcaster and columnist (b. 1949)
• 2019 – Marilynn Smith, American former professional golfer (b. 1929)
• 2020 – Tullio Abbate, Italian entrepreneur and powerboat pilot (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Reggie Bagala, American politician serving in the Louisiana House of Representatives (b. 1965)
• 2020 – Jocelyn Barrow, British politician, businesswoman, human rights activist and educator (b. 1929)
• 2020 – Leila Benitez-McCollum, Philippine-born American radio and television host, journalist, and broadcaster (b. 1930)
• 2020 – Marc Engels, Belgian film sound engineer (b. 1965)
• 2020 – Harvey Goldstein, British statistician (b. 1939)
• 2020 – Ho Kam-ming, Macau-born Canadian martial artist (b. 1925)
• 2020 – Lee Nurse, English cricketer (b. 1976)
• 2020 – Vitor Sapienza, Brazilian politician and economist (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Dmitri Smirnov, Russian-British composer and academic (b. 1948)
• 2021 – Raosaheb Antapurkar, Indian politician (b. 1958)
• 2021 – Ramsey Clark, American lawyer, former public official, and activist (b. 1927)
• 2021 – Ekkehard Fasser, Swiss bobsleigh player (b. 1952)
• 2021 – Nikki Grahame, British model and television presenter (b. 1982)
• 2021 - Prince Philip, Queen of the United Kingdom II. Elizabeth's wife and Duke of Edinburgh (b. 1921)
• 2021 – Judith Reisman, American conservative writer (b. 1935)
• 2021 – Abdul Hamid Sebba, Brazilian lawyer and politician (b. 1934)
• 2021 – Earl Simmons, American hip hop music artist (b. 1970)