Today in History: Celebrating August 30 as Victory Day in Turkey Accepted

April 1 is the 91st day of the year (92nd in leap years) according to the Gregorian calendar. Number of days left until the end of the year 274

Events

• 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justinus I proclaims his nephew Justinian I as his heir.
• 1564 - The first "April 1" jokes are made in France. According to the calendar changed this year, the 1st of April, the old New Year's Day, was replaced by the new New Year's Day, 1 January. On the first day of April, the people who were accustomed to celebrating the new year and those who did not like the new calendar application started to make various jokes. The French called these jokes "Poisson D'avril" (April fish).
• 1778 - Oliver Pollock created the symbol of the Dollar.
• 1867 - Singapore becomes a Crown Colony of the United Kingdom.
• 1873 - British steamship "SS Atlantic" sank off Scotland; 547 people died.
• 1873 – by Namık Kemal Homeland Or Silistra The first performance of his play, named "Istanbul," took place at the Gedikpaşa Theater in Istanbul.
• 1916 – Mustafa Kemal was promoted to the rank of Miralay (Colonel).
• 1921 – Kuva-yi Milliye, which attacked after the withdrawal of the 10th Greek Division in Metristepe, won the Second Battle of İnönü.
• 1924 – Nazi leader Adolf Hitler is sentenced to 5 years in prison for the coup attempt in Munich. But he remained in prison for only 9 months and meanwhile Mein Kampf (my fight) wrote his book.
• 1925 – Anadolu Anonim Turkish Insurance Company was established.
• 1926 – The law on the celebration of August 30 as “Victory Day” in Turkey was accepted.
• 1939 – In Spain, nationalists declare the Spanish Civil War officially over.
• 1941 – The 1941 Iraqi coup was carried out by the officers of the Golden Square.
• 1947 – Childless II. After the death of Georgios, his older brother Paul I became King of Greece.
• 1948 – Cold War: In line with the directives of the Soviet Union, the military forces of the East German Government blockaded West Berlin by land.
• 1948 – Fine Arts Academy building in Istanbul Fındıklı burned down.
• 1949 - The 26 counties in the south, forming the Irish Free State, merged to form the Republic of Ireland.
• 1949 - Newfoundland joined Canada.
• 1950 – UN approves plan to divide Jerusalem in two.
• 1955 – Greek Cypriots initiate the EOKA movement, which envisions the Island's independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1955 – Turkish Resistance Organization became operational in Cyprus.
• 1957 - Scientists in West Germany refuse to work on nuclear weapons.
• 1958 – In Cyprus, EOKA's declared war on Great Britain. The leader of EOKA, Georgios Grivas, also intimidated the Turks.
• 1961 – The activities of political parties whose activities were banned after the 27 May Coup in Turkey were partially released.
• 1963 – German public television channel ZDF (Second German Television, Turkish: Second German Channel) was established.
• 1964 – The proposal of Archbishop Makarios to return to the Garrison of the Turkish Cypriot Regiment was rejected by the Turkish Government.
• 1969 – The concert given by Münir Nurettin Selçuk in America was broadcast live by 525 televisions.
• 1970 - Richard Nixon signed the decree that required warnings to be placed on tobacco products sold in the United States and prohibited the advertising of tobacco products on television and radio.
• 1971 - Robert College was closed for 4 days due to events.
• 1975 – The law on the establishment of Uludağ Universities in Bursa, Fırat in Elazığ, Ondokuz Mayıs in Samsun and Selçuk Universities in Konya was accepted in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
• 1976 – Apple; It was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne.
• 1979 - Khomeini declared Iran.
• 1981 - Daylight saving time is implemented for the first time in the Soviet Union.
• 1982 - Point magazine began its publication life.
• 1999 - Nunavut, separated from the Northwest Territories, became a territory of Canada.
• 2001 – Slobodan Milošević, former President of Yugoslavia, surrenders to the police pending trial at the International Criminal Tribunal.
• 2001 – The Netherlands becomes the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.
• 2002 – Euthanasia legalized in the Netherlands.
• 2004 – Google makes Gmail public.
• 2005 – The 24th International Istanbul Film Festival “Lifetime Achievement Award” was given to film artist Sophia Loren.
• 2005 – In the Hezbollah trial of 10 defendants, which lasted 61 years in Turkey, 22 shooters were sentenced to aggravated life imprisonment.
• 2009 – Croatia and Albania join NATO.

Births

• 1220 – Go-Saga, Emperor of Japan (d. 1272)
• 1282 – IV. Ludwig (Bavarian), Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1347)
• 1578 – William Harvey, English physician (d. 1657)
• 1614 – Martin Schoock, Dutch philosopher (d. 1669)
• 1640 – Zygmunt Kazimierz, Polish prince (d. 1647)
• 1728 – Franz Asplmayr, Austrian composer and violin virtuoso (d. 1786)
• 1750 – Hugo Kołłątaj, Polish Catholic priest, social and political activist, political thinker, historian, and philosopher (d. 1812)
• 1773 – Yuri Lisyansky, Imperial Russian Navy officer and explorer (d. 1837)
• 1776 – Sophie Germain, French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (d. 1831)
• 1795 – Carl Anton von Meyer, Russian botanist and explorer (d. 1855)
• 1815 Otto von Bismarck, German politician (d. 1898)
• 1822 – Hobart Pasha, British naval officer (d. 1886)
• 1831 – Albert Anker, Swiss painter (d. 1910)
• 1852 – Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (d. 1911)
• 1858 – Gaetano Mosca, Italian political scientist, journalist, and bureaucrat (d. 1941)
• 1862 – Carl Charlier, Swedish astronomer (d. 1934)
• 1865 – Richard Zsigmondy, German chemist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1929)
• 1866 – Ferruccio Busoni, Italian pianist and composer (d. 1924)
• 1868 – Edmond Rostand, French theater actor (d. 1918)
• 1873 – Sergey Rachmaninov, Russian pianist and composer (d. 1943)
• 1878 – Ernest Mamboury, Swiss teacher (d. 1953)
• 1883 – Martin Dunbar-Nasmith, British admiral (d. 1965)
• 1885 – Wallace Beery, American actor (d. 1949)
• 1887 – Leonard Bloomfield, American linguist (d. 1949)
• 1888 – Kai Donner, Finnish linguist, ethnographer, and politician (d. 1935)
• 1893 – Cicely Courtneidge, English actress (d. 1980)
• 1894 - Eduard Wagner, II. Nazi Germany army general who served in World War II (d. 1944)
• 1894 – Jørgen Jørgensen, Danish philosopher (d. 1969)
• 1898 – William James Sidis, American mathematician (d. 1944)
• 1902 Maria Poliduri, Greek poet (d. 1930)
• 1905 – Emmanuel Mounier, French philosopher and theologian (d. 1950)
• 1906 – Aleksander Sergeyevich Yakovlev, Russian engineer and aircraft designer (d. 1989)
• 1908 – Abraham Maslow, American scientist (d. 1970)
• 1917 – Hikmet Dizdaroğlu, Turkish writer, literary researcher and linguist (d. 1981)
• 1920 – Toshiro Mifune, Japanese actor (d. 1997)
• 1926 – Reha Yurdakul, Turkish film actress (d. 1988)
• 1929 Milan Kundera, Czech writer
• 1932 – Debbie Reynolds, American actress, dancer, and singer (d. 2016)
• 1933 – Pars Tuğlacı, Turkish writer of Armenian descent (d. 2016)
• 1936 – Ahmet Sezgin, Turkish folk music artist (d. 2008)
• 1937 – Yılmaz Güney, Turkish actor and director (d. 1984)
• 1939 – Ali MacGraw, American actor
• 1942 – Hurşit Tolon, Turkish soldier
• 1942 – Savaş Dinçel, Turkish actor, cartoonist and film director (d. 2007)
• 1944 – Mehmet Emin Karamehmet, Turkish businessman
• 1947 – Beşir Atalay, Turkish politician
• 1947 – Neşe Karaböcek, Turkish singer
• 1948 – İnci Asena, Turkish poet, writer, translator and publishing house manager.
• 1955 – İlhan İrem, Turkish singer and composer
• 1958 – Hıdır Aslan, Turkish socialist revolutionary (d. 1984)
• 1958 – Hüseyin Altın, Turkish singer and actor (d. 2016)
• 1959 – Helmuth Duckadam, Romanian football player
• 1960 – Yalçın Mentes, Turkish theater artist and television star (d. 2019)
• 1963 – Hüner Coşkuner, Turkish music singer (d. 2021)
• 1965 – Naşide Göktürk, Turkish poet, lyricist, composer and commentator (d. 2016)
• 1966 – Mehmet Özdilek, Turkish football player and coach
• 1967 – Cevdet Yılmaz, Turkish politician
• 1967 – Mehmet Taştan, Turkish lawyer and poet
• 1968 – Alexander Stubb, Finnish politician
• 1973 – Christian Finnegan, British comedian and actor
• 1973 – Rachel Maddow, American television host, commentator, and author
• 1973 – Hakan Taşyan, Turkish arabesque fantasy music singer, composer
• 1976 – Asım Pars, Bosnian-born Turkish basketball player
• 1976 – David Oyelowo, British actor
• 1976 – Clarence Seedorf, Dutch football player born in Suriname
• 1978 – Antonio De Nigris Guajardo, Mexican football player (d. 2009)
• 1980 – Randy Orton, American professional wrestler
• 1980 – Yūko Takeuchi, Japanese actress (d. 2020)
• 1981 – Hannah Spearritt, English pop singer and actress
• 1983 – Sergey Lazarev, Russian singer and actor
• 1986 – Haminu Dramani, Ghanaian football player
• 1992 – Ramazan Cevik, Turkish football player
• 1995 - Logan Paul, an American YouTuber, internet celebrity

Deaths

• 996 – XV. John, pope from August 985 until his death
• 1085 – Shenzong, sixth emperor of China's Song Dynasty (b. 1048)
• 1204 – Eleanor, duchess of Aquitaine (b. 1122)
• 1282 – Abaka, grandson of Genghis Khan (b. 1234)
• 1528 – Francisco de Peñalosa, Spanish writer (b. 1470)
• 1548 – Zygmunt I, Dynasty Jagiellonian, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (b. 1467)
• 1865 – Giuditta Negri Pasta, Italian singer (b. 1798)
• 1876 ​​– Philipp Mainländer, German poet and philosopher (b. 1841)
• 1910 – Andreas Achenbach, German landscape painter (b. 1815)
• 1918 – Nigâr Hanım, Turkish poet (b. 1856)
• 1930 – Cosima Wagner, German pianist and composer (b. 1837)
• 1940 – John Hobson, English economist and social scientist (b. 1858)
• 1944 – Hazım Körmükçü, Turkish theater actor (b. 1898)
• 1947 – II. Georgios, King of Greece (b. 1890)
• 1950 – Recep Peker, Turkish politician and former Prime Minister (b. 1889)
• 1952 – Ferenc Molnár, Hungarian writer (Pal Street Boys(author of ) (b. 1878)
• 1954 – Ahmed Agdamski, Azerbaijani opera singer, actor (b. 1884)
• 1965 – Helena Rubinstein, Polish-Jewish American businesswoman (b. 1870)
• 1976 – Max Ernst, German surrealist painter (b. 1891)
• 1978 – İsmail Hakkı Baltacıoğlu, Turkish educator, writer, calligrapher and politician (b. 1886)
• 1984 – Marvin Gaye, American singer (b. 1939)
• 1991 – Martha Graham, American dancer (b. 1894)
• 2001 – Ayhan Şahenk, Turkish businessman (b. 1929)
• 2002 – Aptullah Kuran, Turkish architectural historian (known for his research on Mimar Sinan) (b. 1927)
• 2003 – Leslie Cheung, Hong Kong singer and actress (b. 1956)
• 2005 – Naci Tanrısever (Karamanoğlu Naci Bey), Turkish poet and Medal of Independence (Ministry of National Defense expert, who founded the Land Registry Cadastre of the Republic, "retired is prohibited until death" as the only person alive who speaks 16 ancient languages) (b. 1901)
• 2007 – John Billings, Australian inventor of natural contraception (b. 1918)
• 2012 – Ekrem Bora, Turkish film actor (b. 1934)
• 2014 – Jacques Le Goff, French historian specializing in 12th and 13th century medieval history (b. 1924)
• 2015 – Misao Ōkawa, Japanese woman (titled "Oldest Living Person" from 2013 until her death) (b. 1898)
• 2015 – Nicolae Rainea, retired Romanian football referee (b. 1933)
• 2016 – Aydın Tansel, Turkish singer and composer (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Gary Austin, American improvisational theater educator, writer, and director (b. 1941)
• 2017 – Lonny Brooks (birth name: Lee Baker, Jr.), American rock-blues musician and guitarist (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Antonio Ciliberti, Catholic bishop of Italy (b. 1935)
• 2017 – Hans Gösta Gustaf Ekman, Swedish actor (b. 1939)
• 2017 – Ikutaro Kakehashi, Japanese engineer and entrepreneur (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Giovanni Sartori, Italian political scientist with studies on democracy and comparative politics (b. 1924)
• 2017 – Yevgeny Yevtushenko, Soviet poet (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Steven Bochco, American producer and writer (b. 1943)
• 2018 – José Efraín Ríos Montt, Guatemalan soldier and politician (b. 1926)
• 2018 – Avichai Rontzki was Chief Military Rabbi of the Israel Defense Forces (b. 1951)
• 2018 – Michel Sénéchal, French opera singer (b. 1927)
• 2018 – Ülkü Tamer, Turkish poet, journalist, actress and translator (b. 1937)
• 2019 – Dimitar Dobrev, Bulgarian wrestler (b. 1931)
• 2019 – Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio, Spanish writer and novelist (b. 1927)
• 2019 – Vonda Neel McIntyre, American science fiction writer (b. 1948)
• 2019 – Ruth-Margret Pütz, German opera singer and educator (b. 1930)
• 2020 – Dora Werzberg Amelan, French nurse and social worker (b. 1920)
• 2020 – Branislav Blažić, Serbian surgeon and politician (b. 1957)
• 2020 – Mario Chaldú, former Argentine international football player (b. 1942)
• 2020 – David Driskell, African-American artist and professor (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Kevin Duffy, American federal judge (b. 1933)
• 2020 – Bernard Epin, French writer, literary critic, and communist activist (b. 1936)
• 2020 – Nur Hasan Hussein, Somali politician (b. 1937)
• 2020 – Philippe Malaurie, French private law professor (b. 1925)
• 2020 – Gérard Mannoni, French sculptor (b. 1928)
• 2020 – Richard Passman, American aeronautical engineer and aerospace scientist (b. 1925)
• 2020 – Dirceu Pinto, Brazilian paralympic boccia athlete (b. 1980)
• 2020 – Bucky Pizzarelli, American jazz guitarist (b. 1926)
• 2020 – Adam Lyons Schlesinger, American singer, songwriter, record producer, and guitarist (b. 1967)
• 2020 – Cemil Taşçıoğlu, Turkish professor doctor (b. 1952)
• 2020 – Dora Werzberg, French nurse and social worker (b. 1920)
• 2021 – Lee Aaker, American actor (b. 1943)
• 2021 – Isamu Akasaki, Japanese scientist specializing in semiconductor technology and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1929)
• 2021 – Hanna Vasylivna Arsenych-Baran, Ukrainian writer (b. 1970)
• 2021 – Michèle Boegner, French concert pianist (b. 1941)
• 2021 – Nemam Ghafouri, Iraqi-born Swedish Kurdish physician and human rights activist (b. 1968)
• 2021 – Patrick Juvet, Swiss singer and model (b. 1950)

Holidays and special occasions

• April 1-7: Cancer week
• April 1st Joke Day
• Withdrawal of Russian and Armenian troops from Erciş district of Van (1918)
• Withdrawal of Russian and Armenian troops from Gurpinar district of Van (1918)