Health services have come to the point of reaching standards by showing a rapid development both technologically and academically from past to present. When we look at the historical background of health services, the modern period continues today and in our recent past, after the mystical period, the polypharmacy period and the etiological period as a form of service. The basic principle of contemporary health services is the protection of health. In this approach, the health of the society is as important as the health of the individual. Expectations grow as the type of service and the audience served grow. Boundaries should be well drawn for the well-being of the health system. This is where patient rights come into play. Institutions, organizations and individuals providing health services have rights, as well as those receiving health care services. Knowing these is very important for both parties. Thus, many problems that may occur can be avoided. Needed services can be provided quickly and with high quality. Otherwise, unfortunately, even acts of violence can be encountered.
What Does the Contemporary Period Treatment Process Provide?
Theoretically, the most up-to-date treatment methods have been adapted in our country. These processes are regulated by laws and regulations within the framework of constitutional rights. Current applications are also still being developed. The criteria for the contemporary period are well laid out on paper. Let's face it, there are problems in implementation. The reasons for the problems are also clear. The fact that people do not know their rights and laws is one of the most important reasons for experiencing problems.
The understanding, which is based on the criteria of the contemporary period, enables to act with awareness of biological, social and physical factors. The health system is shaped accordingly. It is necessary to keep up with the ever-changing world order. Possible problems should be foreseen and the health services should be updated. Cracks in these processes can cause negative experiences. When the deficits in the system are not corrected, neither health care providers nor health care recipients will be happy.
It is necessary to consider the patient not only as an individual but as a part of society. Solutions should be sought not only for the problems of patients, but also for the problems of health care providers. This situation should be considered as a whole.
In contemporary health services, the life of the person is handled as a whole. It is evaluated together before and after the period in which the disease occurs. Patients and healthcare providers should also be seen as a whole. These two elements should not be considered separately.
In the patient recovery process, therapeutic services are applied for the individual to regain his health. These are divided into three stages in themselves: The first step is the application and outpatient examination phase, the second step is inpatient treatment, and finally, the third step is the treatments with high technology at a specialized level. Rehabilitation services are also included in the treatment services. These are divided into two as medical and social rehabilitation. Although the system tried to be implemented in our country is not perfect, it is certain that the system is developing.
What is Preventive Health Services?
Health services that can minimize or even completely eliminate the possibility of illness and disability that individuals may encounter, detect health problems that have not yet been noticed, and prevent diseases before they progress are called preventive health services. Preventive health services have many advantages. It is much more economical than treatment processes. It is more effective when compared to all other treatment options. Large-scale organizations and large investments it doesn't need it. It greatly reduces the burden of healthcare providers. It instills a culture of healthy living in individuals and societies. It is easy to apply and cost less. It offers the opportunity to serve a large audience quickly with a small team and little equipment.
The health services provided in our country do not only focus on disease treatment. It aims to reduce the rate of people getting sick by examining the conditions before the diseases occur. It is the most logical solution to eliminate the disease-causing conditions from the very beginning. Preventive health services are implemented efficiently in our country, including family health centers, preventive medicine and family medicine. Preventive health services can be examined under two subheadings:
- Environmentally oriented preventive health services
- Individual preventive health services
What is Environmental Preventive Health Services?
In preventive health services for the environment, it is aimed to prevent the formation of diseases by eliminating the physical, biological and chemical factors that adversely affect health, as well as social factors. It includes topics such as adequate clean water supply, disposal of solid or liquid waste, industrial health, residential health, pest control and air pollution control.
What is Preventive Health Services for Individuals?
In preventive health services for the individual, practices aiming to make people stronger and more resistant to diseases are carried out. Applications that provide the least damaged or undamaged healing together with early diagnosis and correct treatment are considered under this group. It includes topics such as early diagnosis, vaccination, correct treatment, drug therapy, health education and nutrition improvement.
History of Health Services and Structure of Health Organization
Health services, which had an institutional structure in the pre-republican period, have developed and come to the present day. Today, treatment services made with modern methods are guaranteed by legal regulations and laws and are carried out by state institutions and private initiatives.
When we look at the structure of the health organization in our country, it is seen that health services are generally provided by public hospitals and private hospitals. Apart from this, it can be said that public health services are carried to every corner of our country with family health centers. It is also possible to provide services to patients who are cared for at home with units affiliated to the Ministry of Health, which provide home health services. In addition, home health services can be provided through private companies. Thanks to the convenience provided by technology in the last period, remote examination and treatment is also possible. This system is regulated by the new regulations created by the Ministry.
What are Patient Rights? Why is it Important to Know?
Patient rights are one of the issues that are given importance all over the world. It is evaluated under the umbrella of basic human rights. It is protected by laws, regulations and international legal texts, especially the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey. Every citizen should have sufficient information on this subject for the safety of both ourselves and our environment. Every individual should learn their rights before they get sick, to the right and law must comply.
Dealing with possible violations of rights becomes much more difficult after getting sick. It may be necessary to spend more energy to find a solution. While dealing with treatment on the one hand, pursuing the injustices experienced on the other hand can be financially and morally wearing out. Knowing the rights of the patient provides a double benefit. Knowing what can and cannot be requested from healthcare providers facilitates the treatment process. It also ensures respect for the rights of other patients.
Regulations on the health system and patient rights should be updated in line with changing needs. currently in effect “Patient Rights Regulation” It should be renewed in the light of the recent pandemic and technological developments in the world. When patients' rights are mentioned, not only patients but also healthcare providers should come to mind. Such regulations should be updated by considering the rights of all parties in the system. Otherwise, bigger problems and deadlocks may occur.
Today, free treatment is possible in some parts of hospitals. However, due to indifference on the one hand and insufficient information provided by the competent authorities on the other hand, people remain unaware of these innovations. There are still citizens who have to make large payments for treatments that can be provided free of charge in many health institutions. This is due to the fact that the changing regulations are not adequately announced and followed. For example, there are rights recognized by the state, from traffic accidents to pregnancy, from emergency interventions to in vitro fertilization, but they are not known by a large part of the society.
Does Knowing the Rights of Patients Relieve the Health System?
People do not know enough about their rights not only in patient rights but also in all other issues. In particular, the number of people who fully know the rights of patients is almost negligible. The fact that citizens receive health services knowing their rights will make the system work more easily. Some of the patient rights are:
- General use of the service
- Informing and requesting information
- Learning the details and cost of the treatment
- Getting information about alternative treatment methods
- Get medical facts about you
- Selecting and changing healthcare facility and staff
- Patient privacy and consent
- Receiving health care in a safe environment
- Learning the status of the risks that exist during the treatment process
- Fulfilling one's religious duties
- Respect and comfort
- Keeping visitors and companions
- Right to complaint and lawsuit
Responsibilities are as important as rights. Responsibilities of patients are evaluated within the scope of patient rights. These:
- Behaving in accordance with the rules and practices of the health institution and institution to which they apply, and acting with the awareness of being a part of the diagnosis and treatment team with a participatory approach
- Giving information about his complaints, previous illnesses, treatments and medical interventions, current medications, if any, and his health, as completely and accurately as possible
- Coming to the control in the time determined by the physician and giving feedback on the progress of the treatment
- Complying with the date and time of the appointment and notifying the relevant places of the changes
- Respecting the rights of patients, other patients and staff given priority in accordance with the relevant legislation
- Not behaving verbally and physically attacking the personnel
- Applying to the patient communication unit when they think their rights have been violated or have problems
Patients who know their rights and responsibilities can obtain maximum efficiency from the treatment process. In addition, he can benefit from health services without tiring himself and other people without hindering the flow of the system. Applications in the form of complaints, thanks, problem solving, opinions and suggestions about health services Patient Application Notification System (HBBS) As a member, it can be made directly to the Ministry of Health.
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