Today in History: Turkey Vakıflar Bankası Establishment Law Adopted

January 11 is the 11nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 354.

Railways

• 11 January 1871 Plovdiv-Burgas line approved.
• 11 January 1999 M2 In Şişhane - Hacıosman Metro Line, Vehicles were lowered to the tunnel.

Events

• 630 – Muslim conquest of Mecca under the leadership of Muhammad bin Abdullah. 
• 1055 - Theodora ascends the throne of the Byzantine Empire. He would become the last Ruler of the Dynasty of Macedonians.
• 1454 – Great Istanbul fire
• 1569 – The first lottery draw was held in the United Kingdom.
• 1575 – Kapikulu Gulgulesi started.
• 1693 - Etna volcano (Sicily) is active.
• 1861 - Alabama secedes from the United States.
• 1878 - Milk was first bottled and sold.
• 1905 – Mustafa Kemal graduated from the Military Academy as a Staff Captain.
• 1921 – End of First Battle of İnönü, Greek forces withdrew.
• 1922 – Leonard Thompson, a 14-year-old diabetic patient hospitalized in a hospital in Toronto, Canada, became the first patient to be treated for this disease by injecting insulin. Already the following year, a team from the University of Toronto received a Nobel prize for finding a useful method for obtaining insulin.
• 1927 – Trade and Residence agreements were signed between Turkey and Germany.
• 1929 – A commission was established within the Language Committee to translate old written books into new letters in Turkey.
• 1929 - Working time in the Soviet Union is reduced to 7 hours.
• 1935 - Amelia Earhart becomes the first person to make a single-person flight from Hawaii to California.
• 1939 – Land was distributed to the peasants in Aydın.
• 1940 – The actors of the Ankara State Conservatory Practice Stage performed their first plays.
• 1943 - The Red Army breaks the siege of Stalingrad.
• 1944 – 5 people were hanged for treason in Italy. Benito Mussolini's son-in-law, Count Galeazzo Ciano, was also among those hanged.
• 1946 – Enver Hoxha declared the Socialist People's Republic of Albania. King Zogo was deposed.
• 1948 – Ankara University Senate dismissed some faculty members from their positions in the Faculty of Language, History and Geography because they were left-leaning. Among those dismissed were Pertev Naili Boratav, Niyazi Berkes and Mediha Berkes, Behice Boran, Adnan Cemgil and Azra Erhat.
• 1954 – The founding law of the Türkiye Vakıflar Bankası was accepted.
• 1962 – 4000 people died in an avalanche caused by the activation of Nevado Huascaran volcano in Peru.
• 1963 – A commission was established in the Turkish Grand National Assembly to fight communism.
• 1964 – United States Secretary of Health Luther Terry publishes the first report that smoking can be harmful to health.
• 1969 – The Council of State stopped the decision to suspend the Middle East Technical University for a month.
• 1969 - CevizliThe police attacked the workers at the Singer factory in (Kartal). 120 workers were detained, 14 workers and 8 police officers were injured. The factory had been occupied by workers the day before (on January 10).
• 1969 – The first cinema strike in Turkey started at Yeni Cinema in İstanbul Şehzadebaşı.
• 1971 – Türkiye İş Bankası Ankara Emek Branch was robbed by 4 armed people. The Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Turkey claimed that those who robbed the bank were Deniz Gezmiş and Yusuf Arslan.
• 1972 - East Pakistan became Bangladesh.
• 1973 – The strike, which lasted 99 days, ended in Istanbul Türk Demir Döküm factories.
• 1974 – Muhsin Ertuğrul was appointed as the General Artistic Director of Istanbul Municipality City Theatres. Vasfi Rıza Zobu had resigned from this post the day before.
• 1974 – The first recorded sextuplets (mother: Susan Rosenkowitz) to survive infancy were born in Cape Town, South Africa.
• 1975 – In the Cyprus Operation, it was announced that 484 people were lost in the conflict.
• 1977 – Nezih Dural, the Turkish representative of Lockheed Martin aircraft company, was arrested.
• 1980 – Nigel Short, aged 14, becomes the youngest ever chess player to receive the title of "International Master".
• 1984 - Michael Jackson won 8 Grammy awards for his album Thriller.
• 1993 – Founding of Ulumulhikme school, Berlin.
• 1999 – Turkey's 56th Government is established; Democratic Left Party (DSP) minority government. Bülent Ecevit became Prime Minister for the 4th time.
• 2012 – The Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Turkey has issued a circular stating that the 19 May Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day celebrations will be celebrated only in schools, not in stadiums outside the Capital.

Births

• 347 – Theodosius I, Roman Emperor (d. 395)
• 1209 – Möngke, Mongol ruler from 1251-1259 (d. 1259)
• 1322 – Kōmyō was the second Northern Suitor in Japan during the Nanboku-chō period (d. 1380)
• 1359 – Go-En'yū, Claimant of the North in Japan (d. 1393)
• 1638 – Nicolas Steno, Danish scientist and Catholic bishop (d. 1686)
• 1732 – Peter Forsskål, Swedish explorer, orientalist, naturalist (d.1763)
• 1757 – Alexander Hamilton, founder of the Federalist Party, the first party in America, and theorist (d.1804)
• 1800 – Anyos Jedlik, Hungarian physicist, inventor of the dynamo (d.1895)
• 1805 – Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger, Viennese artist (d.1880)
• 1807 – Ezra Cornell, American businessman and founder of Cornell University (d. 1874)
• 1815 – John A. Macdonald, first Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1891)
• 1842 – William James, American author and psychologist (d. 1910)
• 1852 – Konstantin Fehrenbach, German statesman (d. 1926)
• 1859 – Lord Curzon, British politician (Governor-General of India (1898-1905 and Foreign Secretary of the United Kingdom 1919-1924) (d. 1925)
• 1867 – Edward Bradford Titchener, English psychologist (d. 1927)
• 1870 – Alexander Stirling Calder, American sculptor (d. 1945)
• 1870 – Mehmed Selim Efendi, II. Abdulhamid's eldest son (d. 1937)
• 1878 – Theodoros Pangalos, Greek soldier and politician (d. 1952)
• 1882 – Walter T. Bailey, African-American architect (d. 1941)
• 1885 – Alice Paul, American feminist and women's rights activist (d. 1977)
• 1894 – Paul Wittek, Austrian historian, orientalist, and author (d. 1978)
• 1897 – Kazimierz Nowak, Polish traveler, reporter, and photographer (d. 1937)
• 1897 – August Heissmeyer, Schutzstaffelprominent member of (d. 1979)
• 1903 - Alan Stewart Paton, South African writer and anti-apartheid activist. (Famous with his novel “Cry My Dear Memleketim”) (d. 1988)
• 1906 – Albert Hofmann, Swiss scientist and first person to synthesize LSD (d. 2008)
• 1907 – Pierre Mendès France, French politician (socialist politician who led France's withdrawal from Indochina during Prime Minister's office) (d. 1982)
• 1911 – Brunhilde Pomsel, German radio broadcaster and news reporter (d. 2017)
• 1911 – Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2004)
• 1924 – Roger Guillemin, American scientist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine
• 1930 – Rod Taylor, Australian actor (d. 2015)
• 1934 - Jean Chrétien, Canadian politician
• 1936 – Eva Hesse, German-born American sculptor (d. 1970)
• 1938 – Fischer Black, American economist (d. 1995)
• 1939 – Anne Heggtveit, Canadian skier
• 1940 - Andres Tarand is a politician who served as Prime Minister of Estonia from 1994-1995
• 1941 – Gérson Brazilian football player
• 1942 – Clarence Clemons, American musician and actor (d. 2011)
• 1945 – Christine Kaufmann, German-Austrian actress, writer and businesswoman (d. 2017)
• 1949 – Mohammad Reza Rahimi, Iranian politician
• 1952 Ben Crenshaw, American golfer
• 1952 - Lee Ritenour is an American jazz musician.
• 1953 – Mehmet Altan, Turkish journalist, writer and academic
• 1954 - Kailash Satyarthi, Hindu activist, also Nobel Prize winner in 2014
• 1957 – Bryan Robson, English former football player and manager
• 1964 – Albert Dupontel, French actor and director
• 1968 – Tom Dumont, American producer and guitarist
• 1970 – Manfredi Beninati, Italian artist
• 1970 – Mustafa Sandal, Turkish singer
• 1971 – Mary J. Blige is an American hip hop and R&B singer.
• 1972 – Marc Blucas, American actor
• 1972 – Amanda Peet is an American actress and singer.
• 1973 - Rockmond Dunbar is an American actor.
• 1974 – Jens Nowotny is a former German football player.
• 1975 – Matteo Renzi, Italian politician and Prime Minister
• 1978 – Michael Duff, Northern Irish national football player
• 1978 - Emile Heskey, English former football player
• 1979 – Siti Nurhaliza, Malaysian pop singer and composer
• 1980 – Gökdeniz Karadeniz, Turkish football player
• 1981 – Ali Bilgin, Turkish actor and director
• 1982 - Tony Allen is an American professional basketball player.
• 1982 – Ye-jin Son, South Korean actress
• 1983 - Adrian Sutil, German F1 driver
• 1984 – Dario Krešić, Croatian national football player
• 1984 – Stijn Schaars, Dutch national football player
• 1985 – Fırat Albayram, Turkish actor
• 1987 – Danuta Kozák, Hungarian canoeist competing in the sprint
• 1987 – Jamie Vardy, English international football player
• 1988 – Volkan Tokcan, Turkish basketball player
• 1991 – Andrea Bertolacci, Italian national football player
• 1992 – Daniel Carvajal, Spanish national football player
• 1993 – Michael Keane is an English footballer.
• 1993 - Will Keane, English football player
• 1993 – Mahmut Orhan, Turkish DJ and producer
• 1996 – Leroy Sané, German football player
• 1997 – Cody Simpson, Australian singer
• 1998 – Laura Roge, German actress
• 2000 – Jamie Bick, German actor

Deaths

• 812 – Staurakios, Byzantine Emperor
• 844 – Michael I, Byzantine Emperor
• 1055 – IX. Constantine, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1000)
• 1556 – Fuzûlî, Turkish divan poet and mystic (b. 1483)
• 1866 – Vasily Kalinnikov, Russian composer (b. 1901)
• 1923 – Constantine I, King of Greece (b. 1868)
• 1928 – Thomas Hardy, English writer (b. 1840)
• 1937 – Nuri Conker, Turkish soldier and politician (one of the heroes of the Turkish War of Independence and Gaziantep Deputy) (b. 1882)
• 1941 – Emanuel Lasker, German world chess champion and mathematician (b. 1868)
• 1943 – Agustín Pedro Justo, President of Argentina (b. 1876)
• 1944 – Galeazzo Ciano, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Kingdom of Italy (b. 1903)
• 1944 – Emilio De Bono, Italian Field Marshal (b. 1866)
• 1945 – Velid Ebüzziya, Turkish journalist and publisher (b. 1884)
• 1952 – Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, French Field Marshal (b. 1889)
• 1953 – Noe Jordania, Georgian politician, journalist (b. 1868)
• 1953 – Hans Aanrud, Norwegian writer (b. 1863)
• 1966 – Alberto Giacometti, Swiss sculptor and painter (b. 1901)
• 1966 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Prime Minister of India (b. 1904)
• 1983 – Şadi Dinçağ, Turkish cartoonist (b. 1919)
• 1988 – Isidor Isaac Rabi, Austrian physicist (b. 1898)
• 1991 – Carl David Anderson, American physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (b. 1905)
• 1994 – Erol Pekcan, Turkish jazz artist (b. 1933)
• 1995 – Onat Kutlar, Turkish poet, writer and thinker (b. 1936)
• 1998 – Aydan Siyavuş, Turkish basketball coach (b. 1947)
• 1999 – Öztürk Serengil, Turkish actor (b. 1930)
• 2002 – Henri Verneuil, French film director (b. 1920)
• 2003 – French director, winner of the Maurice Pialat Palme d'Or (b. 1925)
• 2008 – Sir Edmund Hillary, New Zealand mountaineer (first mountaineer to summit Mount Everest) (b. 1919)
• 2009 – Necati Çelik, Turkish politician and Minister of Labor and Social Security of the Republic of Turkey (b. 1955)
• 2010 – Juliet Anderson, American pornographic film actress (b. 1938)
• 2010 – Miep Gies, II. Dutch national who hid Anne Frank and several of her family friends from the Nazis in the attic of Anne's father, Otto Frank's spice company, during World War II (b.
• 2010 – Éric Rohmer, French director (b. 1920)
• 2011 – Kıvırcık Ali, Turkish folk music artist (b. 1968)
• 2011 – David Nelson, American actor (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Mustafa Ahmadi Ruşen, Iranian nuclear physicist (b. 1979)
• 2013 – Mariangela Melato, Italian actress (b. 1941)
• 2013 – Aaron Swartz, American computer programmer, informatics, author, and activist (b. 1986)
• 2014 – Keiko Awaji, Japanese actress (b. 1933)
• 2014 – Vugar Hashimov, Azerbaijani chess player (b. 1986)
• 2014 – Ariel Sharon, former Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1928)
• 2015 – Jenő Buzánszky, Former Hungarian national football player and manager (b. 1925)
• 2015 – Anita Ekberg, Swedish actress (b. 1931)
• 2016 – Budi Anduk, Indonesian actor (b. 1968)
• 2016 – Reginaldo Araújo, Brazilian football player (b. 1977)
• 2016 – Berge Furre, Norwegian theologian, historian, and politician (b.
• 2016 – David Margulies, American actor (b. 1937)
• 2017 – Tommy Allsup, American rock and roll country swing musician and producer (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Pierre Arpaillange, French lawyer, former minister (b. 1924)
• 2017 – James Ferguson-Lees, British ornithologist (b. 1929)
• 2017 – Robert Pierre Sarrabère, French bishop (b. 1926)
• 2017 – Adenan Satem, Malaysian politician vs statesman (b. 2017)
• 2017 – François Van der Elst, Belgian international football player (b. 1954)
• 2018 – Doug Barnard Jr., American politician (b. 1922)
• 2018 – Noemi Lapzeson, Argentine dancer, choreographer, and educator (b. 1940)
• 2019 – Michael Atiyah, English mathematician (b. 1929)
• 2019 – George Brady, Czech-Canadian Holocaust survivor and businessman (b. 1928)
• 2019 – Steffan Lewis, Welsh politician (b. 1984)
• 2019 – Fernando Luján, Colombian-born Mexican actor (b. 1939)
• 2019 – Kishore Pradhan, Indian male stage, television and film actor (b. 1936)
• 2020 – Sabine Deitmer, German crime writer and educator (b. 1947)
• 2020 – La Parka II, Mexican masked professional wrestler (b. 1966)
• 2020 – Valdir Joaquim de Moraes, Brazilian football player and manager (b. 1931)
• 2021 – Massoud Achkar, Lebanese independent politician (b. 1956)
• 2021 – Sheldon Adelson, US investor and businessman (b. 1933)
• 2021 – Vassilis Alexakis, Greek-French writer and translator (b. 1943)
• 2021 – Edward Beard, American politician and businessman (b. 1940)
• 2021 – Étienne Draber, French actress (b. 1939)
• 2021 – Stacy Title, American film producer, director, and screenwriter (b. 1964)