Today in History: Passenger Ferry named Trak sank by embarking on rocks: 24 people died

January 18 is the 18nd day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 347.

Railways

• 18 January 1909 Mebusan Assembly Baghdad Mebusu İsmail Hakkı asked a question about Baghdad railway. The Constitutional Monarchy questioned and criticized the privileges granted to foreigners. Hamidiye-Hicaz Railway Administration-I Finance Ministry was renamed Hicaz Nezareti and connected to Sadaret. In the same year, Nezaret was removed and the Directorate General was established.

Events

• 532 – The Nika revolt, which started in Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), was completely suppressed. This bloodiest uprising in history, in which 30.000 people died, began on 13 January.
• 1535 – Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro discovered Lima, the capital city of Peru.
• 1778 - British explorer James Cook reaches Hawaii.
• 1886 - Women started a struggle against the expression "long hair and short mind" in Şükufezar magazine.
• 1896 - X-ray device was first introduced to the public in New York. The name "X" symbolized the unknown what kind of ray it was.
• 1903 – President of the United States Theodore Roosevelt, King of the United Kingdom VII. His radio message to Edward was the first transatlantic communication by radio from the United States.
• 1906 - Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin was shot. Babushkin was one of the founders of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Bolsheviks).
• 1911 - For the first time, an airplane lands on the deck of a ship. Pilot Eugene Burton Ely landed aboard the USS Pennsylvania (ACR-4) in San Francisco harbor.
• 1912 - Captain Robert Falcon Scott reaches the South Pole. He dreamed of being the first person to achieve it, but Roald Amundsen had accomplished it about a month before he did.
• 1919 – The Paris Peace Conference, which was formed by the representatives of the Entente Powers, was opened in order to make agreements with the states that were defeated in the First World War. The map of Europe has been redrawn.
• 1924 – National Turkish Trade Union Congress convened in Istanbul.
• 1927 - The Treaty of Lausanne is rejected by the American Senate.
• 1928 – Three people from the Circassian Hacı Sami gang were executed in Eminönü Square. These people were sentenced to death for the alleged assassination of Atatürk.
• 1929 – Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Union.
• 1931 – Naşide Saffet Esen won the Turkish Beauty Queen Contest organized by Cumhuriyet newspaper.
• 1940 – The National Protection Law was passed.
• 1943 - The Soviet Union announces that it has broken the German siege of Leningrad.
• 1944 - Trak The passenger ferry, named Canakkale, sank on the rocks while traveling from Çanakkale to Bandırma: 24 people died.
• 1946 – Madame Butterfly opera was staged in Ankara.
• 1947 – Ten citizens from the Senykent sub-district of Uluborlu district of Isparta sent a letter of protest to the Presidency of the Turkish Grand National Assembly through a notary public. In the letter, they wrote that although they were not guilty of any crime, the gendarmerie systematically ill-treated them to the extent of torture.
• 1947 – The Teachers' Union was established in Istanbul.
• 1950 – The Democratic Party (DP) demanded the right to strike for workers.
• 1951 – Vietnam Liberation Front guerrillas withdraw from Hanoi; The city fell into the hands of the French.
• 1954 – The Foreign Capital Law was passed in the Turkish Grand National Assembly.
• 1964 – The Pemba People's Republic was established.
• 1966 – Prisoners seeking amnesty rebelled in Ankara Prison. 260 prisoners started a hunger strike in Istanbul Üsküdar Toptaşı Prison.
• 1966 – Vefa Poyraz was appointed as the governor of Istanbul.
• 1969 - The first pulsars to emit regular electromagnetic waves are discovered by American scientists.
• 1977 - The bacterium responsible for the mysterious Legionnaires' disease that causes pneumonia is discovered and Legionella pneumophila was named.
• 1983 – The Draft Cinema Law was prepared by the Ministry of Culture. The Ministry was bringing control to the movies with the bill.
• 1984 – In the trial of the Revolutionary Confederation of Trade Unions (DİSK), the defendants were dressed in a uniform.
• 1989 – Cypriot businessman Asil Nadir, Günaydın After the newspaper, he bought Gelişim Publishing.
• 1991 – The government received authorization from the Grand National Assembly of Turkey to deploy the Turkish Armed Forces abroad and to keep foreign soldiers in Turkey when necessary.
• 1991 - Iraq fires Scud missiles on the Israeli cities of Tel Aviv and Haifa.
• 1993 – An avalanche fell on the Üzengili village of Bayburt; 56 people were killed and 22 injured.
• 1996 – The two-year marriage of Michael Jackson and Lisa Marie Presley ended in divorce.
• 2005 – Airbus A800, passenger plane with 380 passenger capacity, was introduced to the press in Toulouse (France).
• 2010 – Mehmet Ali Ağca, convicted of the murder of journalist-writer Abdi İpekçi and two separate crimes of extortion, was released from Sincan F-Type Prison.

Births

• 1519 – Izabela Jagiellonka, wife of King Janos I of Eastern Hungary (d. 1559)
• 1689 – Montesquieu, French writer (d. 1755)
• 1752 – John Nash, English architect (d. 1835)
• 1779 – Peter Roget, English physician and linguist (d. 1869)
• 1795 – Anna Pavlovna, queen of the Netherlands (d. 1865)
• 1813 – George Rex Graham, American journalist, editor, and publisher (d. 1894)
• 1825 – Edward Frankland, English chemist and academic (d. 1899)
• 1840 Henry Austin Dobson, English poet (d. 1921)
• 1841 – Emmanuel Chabrier, French composer and pianist (d. 1894)
• 1849 – Edmund Barton, first Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1920)
• 1851 – Albert Aublet, French artist and painter (d. 1938)
• 1852 – Augustin Boué de Lapeyrère, French Admiral and Minister of the Sea (d. 1924)
• 1857 – Otto von Below, Prussian general (d. 1944)
• 1867 – Rubén Darío, Nicaraguan poet (d.1916)
• 1871 – Benjamin I, 266th Ecumenical Patriarch of Istanbul Orthodox Patriarchate (d. 1946)
• 1873 – Memed Abashidze, Georgian political leader, writer and philanthropist (d. 1937)
• 1876 ​​- Elsa Einstein, second wife and cousin of Albert Einstein (d. 1936)
• 1879 – Henri Giraud, French general (d. 1949)
• 1880 – Paul Ehrenfest, Austrian-Dutch physicist (d. 1933)
• 1882 – AA Milne, English writer (d. 1956)
• 1882 – Lazare Lévy, French pianist, organist, composer, and teacher (d. 1964)
• 1889 – Kanji Ishiwara, Japanese soldier and politician (d. 1949)
• 1892 – Oliver Hardy, American actor (of Laurel and Hardy) (d. 1957)
• 1896 – Ville Ritola, Finnish long-distance runner (d. 1982)
• 1898 – George Dawson, American author (d. 2001)
• 1904 – Cary Grant, English actor (d. 1986)
• 1913 – Ali Sururi, Turkish theater and film actor (d. 1998)
• 1913 – Danny Kaye, American stage, film, and TV comedian (d. 1987)
• 1915 – Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician (one of the pioneers of European Communism thought and General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain 1960-1982) (d. 2012)
• 1925 – Gilles Deleuze, French writer and philosopher (d. 1995)
• 1927 – İsmet Sıral, Turkish musician, saxophonist, flutist and ney player (d. 1987)
• 1927 – Perihan Tedü, Turkish theater actor (d. 1992)
• 1937 – John Hume, Northern Irish politician and 1998 Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 2020)
• 1938 – Anatoli Kolesov, Soviet Greco-Roman wrestler and coach (d. 2012)
• 1950 – Gilles Villeneuve, Canadian F1 driver (d. 1982)
• 1955 – Kevin Costner, American actor, director, and winner of the Academy Award for Best Director
• 1961 – Mustafa Demir, Turkish architect and politician
• 1966 – Yaşar Tuzun, Turkish politician
• 1971 – Josep Guardiola, Spanish coach
• 1979 – Cem Bahtiyar, Turkish musician and bass guitarist of the maNga group
• 1979 – Jay Chou, Taiwanese singer, songwriter, actor, film director, and producer
• 1980 – Jason Segel, American actor
• 1982 – Atacan Öztürk, Turkish professional football player
• 1983 – Kaan Sekban, Turkish comedian
• 1995 – Samu Castillejo, Spanish football player

Deaths

• 1367 – Pedro I, king of Portugal (b. 1320)
• 1623 – Kara Davud Pasha, Ottoman statesman (b. ?)
• 1677 – Jan van Riebeeck, Dutch physician, merchant, and founder and first administrator of the Cape Colony (b. 1619)
• 1730 – Antonio Vallisneri, Italian medical doctor, physician, and naturalist (b. 1661)
• 1799 – Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz, Austrian botanist and physician (b. 1722)
• 1802 – Antoine Darquier de Pellepoix, French astronomer (b. 1718)
• 1803 – Sylvain Maréchal, French poet, philosopher, revolutionary (b. 1750)
• 1862 – John Tyler, 10th President of the United States (b. 1790)
• 1869 – Bertalan Szemere, Hungarian poet and third prime minister of Hungary (b. 1812)
• 1874 – August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben, German poet (b. 1798)
• 1882 – Naile Sultan, daughter of Abdülmecid (b. 1856)
• 1886 – Sadik Pasha, one of the Polish founders of Polonezköy (b. 1804)
• 1890 – Amadeo I, king of Spain (b. 1845)
• 1896 – Charles Floquet, French politician (b. 1828)
• 1899 – William Edwin Brooks, Irish ornithologist (b. 1828)
• 1906 – Ivan Vasilyevich Babushkin, Russian revolutionary and co-founder of the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Bolsheviks) (b. 1873)
• 1918 – Jurgis Bielinis, Lithuanian publisher and writer (b. 1846)
• 1925 – JME McTaggart, English idealist thinker (b. 1866)
• 1936 – Rudyard Kipling, English writer and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
• 1949 – Charles Ponzi, Italian businessman and swindler (b. 1882)
• 1954 – Sydney Greenstreet, English actor (b. 1879)
• 1956 – Makbule Atadan, sister of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (b. 1885)
• 1960 – Nahid Sırrı Örik, Turkish writer (b. 1895)
• 1970 – Mehmet Mümtaz Tarhan, Turkish lawyer and politician (former Istanbul Governor) (b. 1908)
• 1975 – Arif Müfid Mansel, Turkish archaeologist (b. 1905)
• 1977 – Carl Zuckmayer, German playwright (b. 1896)
• 1985 – Davut Sulari, Turkish folk music artist (b. 1925)
• 1995 – Adolf Butenandt, German biochemist (b. 1903)
• 2001 – Al Waxman, Canadian actor (b. 1935)
• 2001 – Laurent-Désiré Kabila, President of the Congo DC (killed in his Kinshasa home by one of his personal bodyguards.) (b. 1939)
• 2010 – Reha Oğuz Türkkan, Turkish lawyer, historian, writer and Turkologist (b. 1920)
• 2012 – Evin Esen, Turkish actress (b. 1949)
• 2015 – Alberto Nisman, Argentine prosecutor (b. 1963)
• 2016 – Leila Alaoui, Moroccan-French photographer and videographer (b. 1982)
• 2016 – António de Almeida Santos, Portuguese socialist politician (b. 1926)
• 2016 – Glenn Frey, American rock guitarist, singer, composer, and actor (b. 1948)
• 2016 – Michel Tournier, French writer (b. 1929)
• 2017 – Peter Abrahams, South African-born Jamaican novelist, journalist, and political commentator (b. 1919)
• 2017 – Red Adams, American baseball player (b. 1921)
• 2017 – Yosl Bergner, Austrian-Jewish Israeli painter (b. 1920)
• 2017 – Ion Besoiu, Romanian actor (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Ronan Fanning, Irish historian (b. 1941)
• 2017 – Ymer Pampuri, Albanian weightlifter (b. 1994)
• 2017 – Roberta Peters, American soprano and opera singer (b. 1930)
• 2018 – John Barton, English theater director (b. 1928)
• 2018 – Wallis Grahn, Swedish actor (b. 1945)
• 2019 – John Coughlin, American figure skater (b. 1985)
• 2019 – Dale Dodrill, Former American football player and businessman (b. 1926)
• 2019 – Lamia Al-Gailani Werr, Iraqi archaeologist (b. 1938)
• 2019 – Cees Haast, Dutch cyclist (b. 1938)
• 2019 – Etienne Vermeersch, Belgian philosopher, activist and former academic (b. 1934)
• 2019 – Ivan Vutsov, Bulgarian former football player and coach (b. 1939)
• 2020 – Urs Egger, Swiss film, television director and journalist (b. 1953)
• 2020 – Petr Pokorný, Czech Protestant cleric, educator and writer (b. 1933)
• 2021 – Jean-Pierre Bacri – French actor and screenwriter (b. 1951)
• 2021 – Carlos Burga, Peruvian professional boxer (b. 1952)
• 2021 – Nombulelo Hermans, South African politician (b. 1970)
• 2021 – Lubomir Kavalek, Czech-American chess player (b. 1943)
• 2021 – Maria Koterbska, Polish singer (b. 1924)
• 2021 – Dündar Abdulkerim Osmanoğlu, 23rd generation Ottoman prince. II. He is the son of Şehzade Mehmet Abdülkerim Efendi, the son of Abdülhamid's son Şehzade Mehmet Selim Efendi. (b. 1930)
• 2021 – Jimmie Rodgers, American folk-pop singer (b. 1933)