Today in History: Republic Declared in Turkey

October 29 is the 302th (303th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 63.

Railways

• 29 October 1919 Allied States, military-official hike made. 15 January -15 1920 of April 50, 16 30 1920 April 400 XNUMX XNUMX between the dates were increased. After this date will be announced also announced.
• 29 October 1932 Kayseri Demirspor Club was founded.
• 29 October 1933 The construction of the Sivas-Erzurum line was started on the 10th anniversary of the Republic. Railway Magazine published the 10th Anniversary Special issue of the Republic.
• 29 October 1944 opened Fevzipaşa-Malatya-Diyarbakır-Kurtalan railway.

Events 

• 1787 – Mozart's Don Giovanni The opera was staged for the first time at the Prague National Theatre.
• 1859 - Spain declared war on Morocco.
• 1863 - 16 countries meeting in Geneva decided to establish the International Red Cross.
• 1888 – The final text of the Treaty of Constantinople was signed between the British Empire, the German Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Spanish Empire, France, Italy, the Netherlands, the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire. Accordingly, the ships of the respective states will be able to pass through the Suez Canal in both war and peacetime.
• 1901 - Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of United States President William McKinley, is executed in the electric chair.
• 1913 - Western Thrace Independent Government collapsed.
• 1914 – A fleet of Goeben (Yavuz), Breslau (Midilli) and nine Ottoman warships led by Admiral Souchon bombarded Russian ports and ships, causing the Ottomans to enter World War I.
• 1919 - British troops withdrew, surrendering Aintab to the French.
• 1923 – Proclamation of the republic in Turkey: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was elected the first President of Turkey.
• 1924 – In the League of Nations Council, the Turkey-Iraq border was determined to leave Mosul in Iraq.
• 1927 – During excavations in Iraq, a set of molecules determined to date back 5 years was found near the city of Ur.
• 1929 - New York Stock Exchange crashes; The beginning of the economic depression in the United States.
• 1930 – Greek Prime Minister Venizelos also attended the Republic Day ceremonies in Ankara.
• 1933 – Turkish President Mustafa Kemal delivered his speech on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the proclamation of the Republic.
• 1954 – Dr. Hikmet Kıvılcımlı founded the Vatan Party.
• 1956 - The Israeli Army invaded the Sinai Peninsula, crossing the Egyptian border.
• 1960 – Cassius Clay (later Muhammad Ali) wins his first professional game in Louisville, Kentucky.
• 1960 – Reactions continue against the dismissal of 147 faculty members by the National Unity Committee. Suut Kemal Yetkin, rector of Ankara University, resigned.
• 1961 – Syria seceded from the United Arab Republic.
• 1961 – The first Turkish-made automobile, Devrim, was presented to President Cemal Gürsel.
• 1967 - Expo 67 World's Fair in Montreal closes. More than 50 million people visited the fair.
• 1969 - The first connection between two computers is made. This connection was made over ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet.
• 1992 – The Sinhat Strait, which has strategic importance between Turkey and the north of Iraq, passed into the hands of the Turkish Armed Forces. 90 armed militants were killed in the clashes.
• 1992 – Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan opened their first Embassies in Ankara.
• 1998 – THY's Boeing 737 plane, which made the Adana-Ankara flight, was hijacked with 33 passengers and a crew of 6 people. Erdal Aksu, who missed the plane, was captured dead. It was determined that Aksu was a terrorist wanted for the murder of 4 teachers in Diyarbakır.
• 1998 – Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey signed the Ankara Declaration on the transportation of Caspian and Central Asian oil to Western markets via the Baku Tbilisi Ceyhan Oil Pipeline.
• 1998 - American astronaut John Glenn went back to space after 36 years, at the age of 77, on the shuttle Discovery.
• 2006 – A Boeing 737 passenger plane crashes with 104 passengers just after takeoff in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria: 6 people survived.
• 2013 – Marmaray was opened and the first flight was from Üsküdar to Yenikapı.
• 2018 – Istanbul Airport was opened.

Births 

• 1017 – III. Henry, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1056)
• 1504 – Shin Saimdang, Korean philosopher, artist, painter, writer, and poet (d. 1551)
• 1562 George Abbot, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1633)
• 1875 – Rebeca Matte Bello, Chilean sculptor (d. 1929)
• 1875 – Marie, last Romanian consort queen as wife of King Ferdinand I (d. 1938)
• 1879 – Franz von Papen, German politician and diplomat (d. 1969)
• 1880 – Abram Ioffe, Soviet Russian physicist (d. 1960)
• 1891 – Fanny Brice, American actress and model (d. 1951)
• 1897 – Joseph Goebbels, German politician (d. 1945)
• 1897 – Billy Walker, English football player and manager (d. 1964)
• 1899 – Akim Tamiroff, Russian-born film actor (d. 1972)
• 1910 – Alfred Jules Ayer, English philosopher (d. 1989)
• 1918 – Diana Serra Cary, American silent film actress, author, and historian (d. 2020)
• 1920 – Baruj Benacerraf, Venezuelan-born American immunologist (d. 2011)
• 1922 – Neal Hefti, American jazz trumpeter, composer, and arranger (d. 2008)
• 1923 – Nazan İpşiroğlu, one of Turkey's first art history and philosophy teachers (d. 2015)
• 1923 – Carl Djerassi, Austrian-born Bulgarian-American chemist, writer and screenwriter. Known for his contribution to the invention of the oral contraceptive pill (d. 2015)
• 1925 – Robert Hardy, English actor (d. 2017)
• 1926 – Necmettin Erbakan, Turkish politician, engineer, academic and Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey (d. 2011)
• 1929 – Yevgeny Primakov, Russian politician and diplomat (d. 2015)
• 1930 – Niki de Saint Phalle, French painter, visual artist, and sculptor (d. 2002)
• 1932 – Füruzan, Turkish writer
• 1933 – Muzaffer İzgü, Turkish writer and teacher (d. 2017)
• 1937 – Ayla Algan, Turkish theater actress, film actress and singer
• 1938 – Ralph Bakshi, American film director
• 1938 - Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf, President of Liberia
• 1938 – Sezen Cumhur Önal, Turkish songwriter, radio-TV host and presenter
• 1942 – Bob Ross, American painter and television personality
• 1943 – Müjdat Gezen, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor, poet and educator
• 1944 – Mehmet Haberal, Turkish professor of medicine and Rector of Başkent University
• 1947 – Richard Dreyfuss, American actor and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor
• 1948 - Kate Jackson, American actress
• 1948 – Frans de Waal, Dutch-American ethologist and primatologist
• 1950 – Abdullah Gül, Turkish politician and 11th President of Turkey
• 1955 – Kevin DuBrow, American musician (d. 2007)
• 1955 - Etsuko Shihomi, Japanese actress
• 1957 – Dan Castellaneta, American voice actor, actor, and comedian
• 1959 – John Magufuli, Tanzanian lecturer and politician (d. 2021)
• 1960 – Mustafa Koç, Turkish businessman (d. 2016)
• 1961 – Randy Jackson, brother of Michael Jackson, singer and musician
• 1967 – Joely Fisher, American actress
• 1967 – Rufus Sewell, English actor
• 1968 – Johann Olav Koss, Norwegian former speed skater
• 1970 – Phillip Cocu, Dutch former football player and manager
• 1970 – Edwin van der Sar, Dutch football player
• 1970 – Toby Smith, English musician and songwriter (d. 2017)
• 1971 – Aistė Smilgevičiūtė, Lithuanian singer
• 1971 - Winona Ryder, American actress
• 1972 – Tracee Ellis Ross, American actress, singer, television host, producer, and director
• 1972 – Gabrielle Union, American actress, singer, activist, and author
• 1973 – Robert Pirès, former French football player of Portuguese and Spanish descent
• 1980 – Ben Foster, American actor
• 1981 – Yorgo Fotakis, Greek former national football player
• 1983 – Malik Fathi, German football player
• 1983 – Jérémy Mathieu, French former football player
• 1983 – Nurcan Taylan, Turkish female weightlifter (European, World and Olympic Champion)
• 1985 – Janet Montgomery, British television and film actress
• 1986 – Italia Ricci, Canadian actress
• 1987 – Jessica Dubé, Canadian figure skater
• 1987 – Tove Lo, Swedish singer-songwriter
• 1988 – Florin Gardoş, Romanian national football player
• 1989 – Primož Roglič, Slovenian road cyclist
• 1989 – Leyla Lydia Tuğutlu, Turkish actress and model
• 1990 – Vanessa Crone, Canadian figure skater
• 1990 – Eric Saade, Swedish pop singer
• 1993 – India Eisley, American actress

Deaths 

• 1321 – II. Stefan Uroš Milutin, King of Serbia from 1282 to 1321 (b. 1253)
• 1618 – Sir Walter Raleigh, English explorer (executed) (b. 1554)
• 1783 – Jean le Rond d'Alembert, French mathematician (b. 1717)
• 1784 – Giuseppe Zais, Italian Landscape painter (b. 1709)
• 1799 – Domenico Cirillo, Italian physician, entomologist, botanist (b. 1739)
• 1829 – Maria Anna Mozart, Austrian pianist (sister to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart) (b. 1751)
• 1877 – Nathan Bedford Forrest, Confederate Army general in the American Civil War and first Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan from 1867 to 1869 (b. 1821)
• 1880 – Peter Johann Nepomuk Geiger, Austrian painter (b. 1805)
• 1901 – Leon Czolgosz, American steel worker and anarchist (who assassinated William McKinley) (b. 1873)
• 1911 – Joseph Pulitzer, Hungarian-born American journalist (b. 1847)
• 1924 – Frances Hodgson Burnett, English writer (b. 1849)
• 1932 – Joseph Babinski, Polish neurologist (b. 1857)
• 1933 – Albert Calmette, French bacteriologist (b. 1863)
• 1933 – Paul Painlevé, French politician and mathematician (b. 1863)
• 1934 – Lou Tellegen, American film and stage actor (b. 1883)
• 1935 – Thomas McIntosh, English football player (b. 1879)
• 1949 – İbrahim Alaettin Gövsa, Turkish politician (b. 1889)
• 1949 – Georgi Gurciyev, Russian teacher, guru, and writer (b. 1866)
• 1950 – Gustav V, King of Sweden (b. 1858)
• 1951 – Robert Grant Aitken, American astronomer (b. 1864)
• 1957 – Louis B. Mayer, American filmmaker (b. 1884)
• 1971 – Arne Tiselius, Swedish chemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (b. 1902)
• 1981 – Georges Brassens, French singer (b. 1921)
• 1981 – Rıza Kuas, Turkish trade unionist, politician and founder of DİSK (b. 1926)
• 1997 – Anton Szandor LaVey, American occultist writer (leader of Satanism and founder of the Church of Satan) (b. 1930)
• 1998 – Paul Misraki, Istanbul-born French film score composer (b. 1908)
• 2004 – Alice, wife of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, third son of King George V and Queen Mary (b. 1901)
• 2004 – Ordal Demokan, Turkish scientist (b. 1946)
• 2004 – Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (b. 1923)
• 2009 – Jürgen Rieger, German lawyer and neo-Nazi politician (b. 1946)
• 2013 – Graham Stark, English comedian, actor, writer and director (b. 1922)
• 2014 – Klas Ingesson, Swedish former international football player and manager (b. 1968)
• 2016 – Pen Sovan, Cambodian politician (b. 1936)
• 2017 – Muhal Richard Abrams, American clarinetist, bandleader, composer, and jazz pianist (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Dennis J. Banks, Native American leader, teacher, speaker, activist, and author (b. 1937)
• 2017 – Metin Ersoy, Turkish musician and singer (b. 1934)
• 2017 – Władysław Kowalski, Polish actor (b. 1936)
• 2017 – Tony Madigan, Former Australian rugby player and boxer (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Manfredi Nicoletti, Italian architect (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Linda Nochlin, American art historian, curator, author, and women's rights activist (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Ninian Stephen, Australian lawyer, civil servant and politician (b. 1923)
• 2018 – Gérald Bloncourt, Haitian painter and photographer (b. 1926)
• 2019 – John Witherspoon, American comedian and actor (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Karim Akbari Mobarakeh, Iranian film director and actor (b. 1953)
• 2020 – Angelika Amon, Austrian-American molecular cell biologist (b. 1967)
• 2020 – Amir Ishemgulov, Russian biologist and politician (b. 1960)
• 2020 – Yuri Ponomaryov, Russian politician and economist (b. 1946)
• 2020 – Arturo Rivera, Mexican painter (b. 1945)

Holidays and special occasions 

• Republic Day in Turkey
• Red Crescent Week (29 October – 4 November)