Today in History: Turkey Elected as a Temporary Member of the UN Security Council with 40 Votes

October 5 is the 278th (279th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 87.

Railways

• October 5, 1869 The Porte made a special contract with Hirsch and guaranteed 10 million francs, which it promised to pay within 65 years.
• October 5, 1908 Bulgaria declared its independence. With the protocol dated April 19, 1909, he agreed to pay compensation of 42 million Francs to the Ottoman Empire for the part of the Rumelia Railways on his side and also for the Belova-Vkarel line. 21 million 500 thousand Francs of this amount was paid to the Eastern Railways Company.
• 1926 – Ferry services for trains were started in the Bosphorus.

Events 

• 869 – IV. As a result of the decisions taken in the Council, the distinction between the Eastern and Western churches deepened.
• 1450 – Duke of Bavaria IX. Louis ordered the expulsion of Jews who refused to become Christians.
• 1502 - Christopher Columbus discovered Costa Rica on his 4th voyage to the Americas.
• 1526 – The Battle of Beçne ended in Ottoman victory.
• 1550 – In Chile, the city of Concepción was founded by the Spanish Conquistador Pedro de Valdivia.
• 1632 - Russian Tsardom completely occupied the Siberian Khanate (today's Yakutia).
• 1789 – More than 5 French, mostly women, marched to the Palace of Versailles to protest the famine, and King XVI. He forced Louis to move to Paris.
• 1864 - Cyclone in Kolkata, India: 60.000 dead.
• 1877 - With the surrender of Chief Joseph of the Nimipu tribe, Native American resistance in the northwestern United States ends.
• 1892 - The Dalton gang, who inspired the Dalton brothers in Red Kit, are killed in bank robberies in Kansas.
• 1896 – German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen discovered a new type of radiation (as it is known today). x ray) was found.
• 1908 – The Austro-Hungarian Empire announces its annexation of Ottoman-administered Bosnia and Herzegovina.
• 1908 - Bulgaria declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire.
• 1910 – The Republic was proclaimed in Portugal.
• 1911 - Italian forces capture the coastline of Tripoli.
• 1915 – The Kingdom of Bulgaria entered World War I on the side of the Central Powers.
• 1921 – The International Writers' Union PEN was founded in England.
• 1925 – First Republic Gold was minted in Istanbul Mint and sent to Mustafa Kemal Pasha.
• 1930 - The world's largest airship British R101 The airship crashed in France, killing 48 people.
• 1931 – During the visits of Prime Minister İnönü and Foreign Minister Aras to Greece, the 1930 Turkish-Greek Friendship Agreement was put into effect.
• 1938 - Nazi Germany announces the cancellation of Jewish passports.
• 1944 – Women gained the right to vote in France.
• 1945 – In the events of Warner Bros. during the Hollywood set workers' strike (Black Friday) 40 demonstrators were injured.
• 1947 – As the continuation of the Comintern, which was abolished as a result of the German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, the communist parties founded the Cominform under the leadership of the CPSU (B).
• 1947 – Turkey came first in the Mediterranean Athletics Competitions held in Athens.
• 1948 – 110.000 people lost their lives in the great earthquake in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
• 1952 – The first congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1939 and the last attended by Stalin began.
• 1953 – Turkey was elected as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council with 40 votes.
• 1958 – Fifth Republic is proclaimed in France and Charles de Gaulle is elected President.
• 1960 – In the referendum held in South Africa, the transition to the republican regime was accepted.
• 1962 - The Beatles' first hit song love me do released to the market.
• 1972 – The far right/fascist party National Front was founded in France under the leadership of Jean-Marie Le Pen.
• 1979 – Yasser Arafat, leader of the Palestine Liberation Organization, arrived in Ankara; The PLO Representative Office was opened.
• 1979 – Interior Minister Hasan Fehmi Güneş resigned from the government as a result of a love scandal.
• 1988 – Popular revolt broke out in Algeria.
• 1988 - In Chile, Pinochet loses the referendum to extend his Presidency.
• 1989 - The Dalai Lama receives the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 1991 – The first official Linux release (0.02) is announced by Linus Torvalds.
• 1991 - The Soviet Union signed a cooperation agreement with the IMF for the first time in its history.
• 1997 – The 34th Golden Orange Film Festival was concluded. Best Film Award, directed by Ferzan Özpetek the Hammam got the movie.
• 1999 – Nearly 6.2 people were injured in an earthquake measuring 100 on the Richter scale in the Marmaris district of Muğla.
• 2000 – Slobodan Milošević was forced to resign from the Presidency as a result of mass demonstrations in Belgrade.
• 2003 – Pro-Russian Ahmet Kadyrov is elected the first President of Chechnya.

Births 

• 1274 – Zahebî, Syrian hadith memorizer, historian and recitation scholar (d. 1348)
• 1338 – III. Alexios, Emperor of Trebizond (d. 1390)
• 1658 – Mary, II and VII. Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland as the second wife of James (1633-1701) (d. 1718)
• 1677 – Pietro Grimani, 115th Duke of the Republic of Venice (d. 1752)
• 1703 – Jonathan Edwards, American revivalist preacher, philosopher, and Congregational Protestant theologian (d. 1758)
• 1712 – Francesco Guardi, Italian noble and Venetian School painter (d. 1793)
• 1713 – Denis Diderot, French writer and philosopher (d. 1784)
• 1743 – Giuseppe Gazzaniga, Italian opera composer (d. 1818)
• 1781 Bernhard Bolzano, Czech philosopher and mathematician (d. 1848)
• 1829 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886)
• 1841 – Philipp Mainländer, German poet and philosopher (d. 1876)
• 1848 – Guido von List, German philosopher, historian, and author (d. 1919)
• 1864 – Arthur Zimmermann, German bureaucrat (d. 1940)
• 1864 – Louis Jean Lumière, French filmmaker (d. 1948)
• 1878 – Louise Dresser, American actress (d. 1965)
• 1879 – Francis Peyton Rous, American virologist (d. 1970)
• 1882 – Robert H. Goddard, American physicist and pioneer of liquid propellant rockets (d. 1945)
• 1883 – Ida Rubinsteyn, Russian dancer, actress, patron of the arts, and Belle Epoque figure (d. 1960)
• 1887 – René Cassin, French lawyer and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (d. 1976)
• 1899 – Teresa de la Parra, Venezuelan novelist (d. 1936)
• 1902 – Ray Kroc, American businessman (d. 1984)
• 1908 – Mehmet Ali Aybar, Turkish politician, former leader of the Workers' Party of Turkey (TIP) and founding Chairman of the Socialist Revolution Party (SDP) (d. 1995)
• 1908 – Joshua Logan, American theater director, film director, and writer (d. 1988)
• 1911 – Brian O'Nolan, Irish author, playwright, and satirist (d. 1966)
• 1917 – Magda Szabó, Hungarian writer (d. 2007)
• 1919 Donald Pleasence, English actor (d. 1995)
• 1923 – Philip Berrigan, American peace activist, anarchist, and pastor (d. 2002)
• 1929 – Yuri Artsutanov, Russian engineer (d. 2019)
• 1936 – Vaclav Havel, Czech playwright and President (d. 2011)
• 1947 – Brian Johnson, English singer and composer, lead singer of Australian rock band AC/DC
• 1948 – Zoran Živković, writer, researcher, translator
• 1950 – Eddie Clarke, English guitarist (d. 2018)
• 1950 – Jeff Conaway, American actor (d. 2011)
• 1950 – Edward P. Jones, American novelist and short story writer
• 1951 – Karen Allen is an American film and stage actress.
• 1951 – Yadigar Ejder, Turkish actor (d. 1991)
• 1951 – Bob Geldof, Irish singer, songwriter, actor and political activist
• 1952 – Clive Barker is an English writer, director, painter and producer.
• 1952 – Imran Khan, Pakistani politician and Prime Minister of Pakistan
• 1953 – Musa Çam, Turkish trade unionist and politician
• 1957 – Bernie Mac, American actor (d. 2008)
• 1958 – Neil deGrasse Tyson, American astrophysicist
• 1958 – Sungun Babacan, Turkish voice actor
• 1959 – Maya Lin, Chinese-American architect and artist renowned in Landscape Art and Sculpture architectures
• 1959 – Cem Özer, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1959 – Kenan İpek, Turkish lawyer and politician
• 1960 – Careca is a former Brazilian football player.
• 1963 – Vahap Seçer, Turkish agricultural engineer, politician and Mayor of Mersin Metropolitan Municipality
• 1965 – Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player and manager
• 1965 – Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager
• 1966 – Lorenza Indovina, Italian actress
• 1967 – Guy Pearce, British-Australian actor
• 1970 - Josie Bissett is an American actress.
• 1970 – Berat Yenilmez, Turkish actor
• 1970 – Eyşan Özhim, Turkish model and actress
• 1971 – Mauricio Pellegrino, Argentine former football player and manager
• 1972 – Grant Hill, American professional former basketball player
• 1975 - Kate Winslet, English actress and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actress
• 1976 – Ramadan Kadyrov, the third president of Chechnya, a part of the Russian Federation
• 1976 – Ceyhun Yılmaz, Turkish poet, comedian and radio-TV host
• 1977 – Vinnie Paz, Italian-American hip hop artist
• 1977 – Konstantin Zıryanov, Russian former football player and manager
• 1978 - Mark Gower, English football player
• 1978 James Valentine, American musician
• 1979 – Vince Grella, Australian international footballer
• 1983 – Jesse Eisenberg, American actor, writer, and comedian
• 1984 – Kenwyne Jones is a former Trinidadian football player.
• 1987 – Dillon Francis, American DJ and Electro House producer
• 1987 – Kevin Mirallas, Belgian international football player
• 1987 – Park So Yeon, South Korean singer, actress, model
• 1988 – Bahar Kizil, Turkish singer
• 1991 – Xiao Zhan, Chinese actor and singer
• 1992 – Kevin Magnussen, Danish racing driver

Deaths 

• 578 – II. Justinus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 520~)
• 610 – Phocas, Byzantine emperor (b. 547)
• 1056 – III. Henry, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)
• 1111 – Robert II, Count of Flanders from 1093 to 1111 (b. 1065)
• 1225 – Nasir, thirty-fourth Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad, son of Mustadhi and grandson of Mustanjid (b. 1158)
• 1285 – III. Philippe, King of France (b. 1245)
• 1522 – No Bey, Governor of Ottoman Egypt (b. 1464-1465)
• 1524 – Joachim Patinir, Flemish rönesans and landscape painter (b. 1480)
• 1526 – Şücaeddin Ağa, Ottoman Janissary Agha (b. ?)
• 1565 – Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician (b. 1522)
• 1791 – Grigoriy Potyomkin, Russian general and statesman (b. 1739)
• 1813 – Tecumseh, chief of the Native American confederation and Shavni (b. 1768)
• 1880 – Jacques Offenbach, French composer (b. 1819)
• 1892 – Albert Aurier, French writer (b. 1865)
• 1918 – Roland Garros, French aviator and fighter pilot during World War I (b. 1888)
• 1923 – Süleyman Bilgen, Turkish politician and clergyman (b. 1855)
• 1930 – Vladimir Shileyko, Russian orientalist (Assyrian, Hebraist), Acmeist poet and translator (b. 1891)
• 1931 – Selma Rıza Feraceli, the first Turkish female journalist (b. 1872)
• 1933 – Nikolay Yudenich, commander of the counter-revolutionary White troops in the northwest, also during the Russian Civil War (1918-1920) (b. 1862)
• 1934 – Jean Vigo, French director (b. 1905)
• 1941 – Louis Brandeis, an American lawyer (b. 1856)
• 1942 – Hilmi Oytaç, Turkish medical doctor and politician (b. 1879)
• 1948 – Ōtani Kōzui, Japanese Buddhist monk and historian (b. 1876)
• 1960 – Alfred Louis Kroeber, American anthropologist (b. 1876)
• 1966 – Abdulkadir Emirmahmutoğlu, Turkish politician (b. 1878)
• 1973 – Milunka Savić, Serbian female soldier and folk hero (b. 1890)
• 1974 – Zalman Shazar, 3rd President of Israel (b. 1889)
• 1975 – Ali Tunalı, Turkish politician (b. 1890)
• 1976 – Lars Onsager, American chemist and Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry (b. 1903)
• 1978 – Fehmi Ege, Turkish tango music composer (b. 1902)
• 1978 – Mucip Kemalyeri, Turkish politician (b. 1895)
• 1981 – Gloria Grahame, American actress (b. 1923)
• 1986 – Hal B. Wallis, American filmmaker (b. 1898)
• 1986 – James H. Wilkinson, English computer scientist (b. 1919)
• 1996 – Seymour Cray, American electrical-electronics engineer and supercomputer designer (b. 1925)
• 1997 – Brian Pillman, American professional wrestler (b. 1962)
• 2004 – Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand physicist and molecular biologist (scientist who discovered the structure of DNA and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine) (b. 1916)
• 2011 – Derrick Bell was an American lawyer (b. 1930)
• 2011 – Gökşin Sipahioğlu, Turkish journalist and photojournalist (b. 1926)
• 2011 – Steve Jobs, American computer entrepreneur and inventor (b. 1955)
• 2011 – Charles Napier, American actor (b. 1936)
• 2014 – Andrea de Cesaris, Italian former racing driver (b. 1959)
• 2014 – Yuri Lyubimov, Russian director, actor, trainer (b. 1917)
• 2014 – Misty Upham, Native American actress (b. 1982)
• 2015 – Chantal Akerman, Belgian director, artist, professor and screenwriter (b. 1950)
• 2015 – Tomris İncer, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor (b. 1948)
• 2015 – Henning Mankell, Swedish writer (b. 1948)
• 2015 – Andrew Rubin, American actor (b. 1946)
• 2016 – Mario Almada, Mexican actor (b. 1922)
• 2016 – Michal Kováč, former President of Slovakia and politician (b. 1930)
• 2016 – Arthur Z'ahidi Ngoma, Democratic Congolese statesman and politician (b. 1947)
• 2017 – António de Macedo, Portuguese was a screenwriter and filmmaker (b. 1931)
• 2017 – Giorgio Pressburger, Hungarian-born Italian novelist and short story writer (b. 1937)
• 2017 – Sylke Tempel, German female journalist and author (b. 2017)
• 2017 – Anne Wiazemsky, German-French actress and novelist (b. 1947)
• 2018 – Ivar Odnes, Norwegian politician (b. 1963)
• 2018 – Víctor Pey, Spanish-born Chilean engineer, politician, academic and businessman (b. 1915)
• 2018 – Hege Skjeie, Norwegian political scientist, academic, and author (b. 1955)
• 2019 – Amalia Fuentes, Filipino actress (b. 1940)
• 2019 – Marcello Giordani, Italian opera singer (b. 1963)
• 2019 – Philippe Vandevelde, Belgian comics artist and writer (b. 1957)
• 2020 – Béatrice Arnac, United States-born French actress, singer and composer (b. 1931)
• 2020 – Franco Bolelli, Italian philosopher and writer (b. 1950)
• 2020 – Rasheed Masood, Indian politician (b. 1947)
• 2020 – Margaret Nolan, British visual artist, actress and model (b. 1943)
• 2020 – Pietro Scandelli, Former Italian professional racing cyclist (b. 1941)

Holidays and special occasions 

• World Teachers' Day