Today in History: The Turkish Grand National Assembly Conferred on Mustafa Kemal Pasha the Rank of Marshal and the Title of Veteran

September 19 is the 262th (263th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 103.

Railways

• 19 September 1922 Uşak and Ahmetler stations were repaired and commissioned.
• 19 September 1923 With an adopted law, it was agreed to transfer the Aydın Railway, İzmir-Town Line and its extensions and the Mudanya-Bursa Line Şark Railway and İzmir Harbor concessions to the old concession companies. The decree of 16.V1II.1916 for the purchase of these places was rejected.

Events

• 1575 – Sultan III. The Istanbul Observatory, which was established under the leadership of Chief Magistrate Takiyüddin Efendi, was opened. The observatory was demolished by the Şeyhülislam of the time in 1580. Researchers estimate that the observatory was established around Galatasaray High School.
• 1893 - Colony of New Zealand becomes the first nation to grant women the right to vote. The pioneer of this breakthrough was Kate Sheppard, who started the "Women's Movement" in 1866.
• 1921 – The Turkish Grand National Assembly gave Mustafa Kemal Pasha the title of "Marshal" and the title of "Gazi".
• 1935 - In Germany, Jews are banned from working in the public sector.
• 1941 – II. In World War II, German forces occupied Kiev.
• 1944 - Finland and the Soviet Union sign an armistice.
• 1951 – The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) called for Turkey and Greece to join the organization.
• 1955 - Argentine President Juan Peron is overthrown in a military coup and exiled to Paraguay.
• 1976 – THY's Istanbul-Antalya flight "Antalya", which made its flight number 452, crashed into the Taurus Mountains near Isparta due to a "descending error": 8 people, 154 of whom were personnel, died.
• 1979 – A major work stoppage was held by TMMOB in 54 workplaces in 736 provinces with the participation of more than 100 thousand engineers and architects.
• 1982 – Social Democrats win elections in Sweden; Olof Palme became Prime Minister.
• 1985 – In the 8,1 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Mexico City, the capital of Mexico, between 10000 and 40000 people lost their lives.
• 1987 – In the 10th Mediterranean Games, the Turkish National Freestyle Wrestling Team became the team champion with 6 gold and 1 silver medals.
• 1994 – A scandal called “Civangate” occurred after the shooting of Engin Civan, General Manager of Emlak Bank.
• 2002 – 5 people died in a suicide attack on a bus in Tel Aviv. After the attack, Israeli tanks re-entered Palestinian President Yasser Arafat's Headquarters in Ramallah.

Births

• 86 – Antoninus Pius, Roman Emperor (d. 161)
• 866 – Alexandros, Byzantine Emperor (d. 913)
• 866 – VI. Leon, Byzantine Emperor (d. 912)
• 1551 – III. Henri, King of France (d. 1589)
• 1560 – Thomas Cavendish, English pirate and explorer (d. 1592)
• 1802 – Lajos Kossuth, Hungarian politician (d. 1894)
• 1867 – Arthur Rackham, English book painter (d. 1939)
• 1898 – Giuseppe Saragat, Italian socialist politician (d. 1988)
• 1907 – Lewis F. Powell Jr. was an American lawyer and jurist (d. 1998)
• 1908 – Robert Lecourt, French politician and lawyer (d. 2004)
• 1908 – Mika Waltari, Finnish writer (d. 1979)
• 1909 – Ferry Porsche, Austrian automaker (d. 1998)
• 1911 – William Golding, English writer and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
• 1913 – Frances Farmer, American actress (d. 1970)
• 1921 – Paulo Freire, Brazilian educator (d. 1997)
• 1921 – Conway Berners-Lee, English mathematician and computer engineer (d. 2019)
• 1922 – Emil Zátopek, Czech athlete (d. 2000)
• 1923 – Hanzade Sultan, member of the Ottoman dynasty (grandson of Ottoman Sultan Vahdettin and Caliph Abdülmecit Efendi) (d. 1988)
• 1926 – Masatoshi Koshiba, Japanese physicist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physics (d. 2020)
• 1926 – James Lipton, American author, composer, actor, and television host (d. 2020)
• 1927 - Rosemary Harris, English actress
• 1928 – Adam West, American actor (d. 2017)
• 1930 – Muhal Richard Abrams, American clarinetist, bandleader, composer, and jazz pianist (d. 2017)
• 1932 – Mike Royko, American journalist (d. 1997)
• 1933 – Behiye Aksoy, Turkish singer (d. 2015)
• 1933 – Gilles Archambault, Canadian novelist
• 1936 – Al Oerter, American discus thrower (d. 2007)
• 1941 Cass Elliot, American singer (d. 1974)
• 1941 – Mariangela Melato, Italian actress (d. 2013)
• 1944 – İsmet Özel; Turkish poet, writer and thinker
• 1947 – Tanith Lee, English comics, science fiction, and story writer (d. 2015)
• 1948 – Jeremy Irons, English actor and winner of the Academy Award for Best Actor
• 1952 – Nile Rodgers, American musician, producer, composer, arranger, and guitarist
• 1963 – Jarvis Cocker, English musician and presenter
• 1963 – David Seaman, Former English national goalkeeper
• 1965 – Şükriye Tutkun, Turkish folk music artist
• 1967 – Alexander Karelin, retired Russian Greco-Roman wrestler
• 1969 – Alkinoos Ioannidis, Greek Cypriot songwriter and singer.
• 1970 – Antoine Hey, German football player and manager
• 1971 - Sanaa Lathan is an American actress.
• 1974 – Jimmy Fallon, American actor and musician
• 1976 - Alison Sweeney, an American actress
• 1977 – Tommaso Rocchi, Italian national football player
• 1978 – Mehmet Perinçek, Turkish writer and research assistant
• 1980 – Ayşe Tezel, Turkish-British actress
• 1982 – Eduardo Carvalho, Portuguese football player
• 1984 – Ali Ersan Duru, Turkish actor
• 1984 – Eva Marie, American actress, fitness model, and professional wrestler
• 1984 – Ángel Reyna is a Mexican football player.
• 1985 – Song Joong-ki, South Korean actress
• 1986 – Sally Pearson, Australian athlete
• 1989 – Tyreke Evans, American professional basketball player
• 1990 – Josuha Guilavogui, French football player
• 1990 – Kieran Trippier, English international football player
• 1991 – Waris Majeed, Ghanaian football player
• 1992 – Diego Antonio Reyes, Mexican national football player
• 1993 - Tatsuki Nara, Japanese football player
• 1994 – Luka Krajnc, Slovenian national football player

Deaths

• 961 - Helena Lekapene, VII. Constantine's wife, daughter of Romanos I and Theodora (b. 910)
• 1339 – Go-Daigo, 96th emperor of Japan in the traditional succession order (b. 1288)
• 1710 – Ole Rømer, Danish astronomer (b. 1644)
• 1761 – Peter Van Musschenbroek, Dutch scientist (b. 1692)
• 1812 – Mayer Amschel Rothschild, Jewish entrepreneur, businessman, and founder of the Rothschild Dynasty (b. 1744)
• 1843 – Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis, French mathematician, mechanical engineer, and scientist (b. 1792)
• 1881 – James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States (b. 1831)
• 1902 – Masaoka Shiki, Japanese poet, writer, and literary critic (b. 1867)
• 1952 – CH Douglas, English engineer (b. 1879)
• 1960 – Zakar Tarver, Armenian-Turkish politician and radiologist physician (imprisoned in Yassıada) d. 1893)
• 1968 – Chester Carlson, American physicist and inventor (b. 1906)
• 1985 – Italo Calvino, Italian writer (b. 1923)
• 1985 – Sabri Altınel, Turkish poet (b. 1925)
• 1987 – Einar Gerhardsen, Norwegian politician (b. 1897)
• 1989 – Franz Fischer, German soldier and SS officer (b. 1901)
• 2002 – Robert Guéï, Ivory Coast soldier and politician (b. 1941)
• 2003 – Dursun Akçam, Turkish storyteller and novelist (b. 1930)
• 2004 – Eddie Adams, American photographer, photojournalist (b. 1933)
• 2011 – George Cadle Price, Belizenese politician (b. 1919)
• 2011 – Taylan Taylancı, Turkish basketball player (b. 1983)
• 2013 – Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japanese businessman (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Saye Zerbo, soldier and politician from Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) (b. 1932)
• 2015
• Jackie Collins, English novelist (b. 1937)
• Marcin Wrona, Polish screenwriter and director (b. 1973)
• 2016 – Fehmi Sağınoğlu, Turkish national football player and coach (b. 1937)
• 2017 – Bernie Casey, American actor, poet, and former American football player (b. 1939)
• 2017 – Leonid Kharitonov, Russian Soviet bass-baritone opera singer (b. 1933)
• 2017 – Jake LaMotta, retired American professional boxer, comedian, and actor (b. 1921)
• 2017 – José Salcedo, Spanish film editor (b. 1949)
• 2017 – David Shepherd, English artist and painter (b. 1931)
• 2018 – Jon Burge is an American former chief of police (b. 1947)
• 2018 – Kondapalli Koteswaramma, Indian communist revolutionary politician, leader, feminist and writer (b. 1918)
• 2018 – Győző Kulcsár, Hungarian fencer (b. 1940)
• 2018 – Marilyn Lloyd, American businessman and politician (b. 1929)
• 2018 – Ferdi Merter, Turkish theater, film actor, writer and director (b. 1939)
• 2018 – Arthur Mitchell, American dancer and choreographer (b. 1934)
• 2018 – Denis Norden, English humorist and television presenter (b. 1922)
• 2018 – Kamil Ratip, Egyptian actor (b. 1926)
• 2019 – Zeynel Abidin Ben Ali, Tunisian politician (b. 1936)
• 2019 – Irina Bogacheva, Soviet-Russian opera singer and academic (b. 1939)
• 2019 – Charles Gérard, French actor, screenwriter, and film director (b. 1922)
• 2019 – Sandie Jones, Irish singer (b. 1951)
• 2020 – David Somerville Cook, British-born lawyer and politician (b. 1944)
• 2020 – Lee Kerslake, English musician and songwriter (b. 1947)
• 2020 – John Turner, Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1929)

Holidays and special occasions

• Veterans Day