Today in History: Istanbul Maiden's Tower Transferred to the Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of Turkey

September 28 is the 271th (272th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 94.

Railways

• 28 September 1920 The decision of the government regarding the tendering and concession of the railroad construction to the Balya Mine Manager Yorgî Ralli starting from Edremit Bay and extending to the Bonito by Akçay-Havran was approved by the Sultan.

Events 

• 1538 – The Battle of Preveza between the Ottoman Navy and the Crusader Navy resulted in the Ottoman victory.
• 1730 – The Patrona Halil Rebellion, which ended the Tulip Era, began.
• 1864 – The International Workingmen's Association (First International) is founded in London.
• 1889 – The kilogram and meter, the basic units of the metric system, were defined at the I. General Conference on Weights and Measurements, held in France.
• 1920 – The Turkish Army under the command of Kazım Karabekir launched the Eastern Operation and started the offensive.
• 1928 - Alexander Fleming, Penicillium notatum He discovered that a mold named had antibiotic properties and found Penicillin.
• 1937 - Claiming to amend the Constitution Tan newspaper was closed for 10 days by the Council of Ministers.
• 1937 – Mussolini and Hitler made a show of strength by speaking together at a demonstration attended by more than one million people at the Berlin Olympic Stadium.
• 1939 - Nazi Germany and the USSR sign a protocol that states that they share their occupied Poland.
• 1955 – Türk Migros started its operations in Istanbul.
• 1961 – The United Arab Republic, which was formed by the unification of Egypt and Syria under the leadership of Jamal Abdünnasır, came to an end after the military coup in Syria.
• 1965 – Istanbul Maiden's Tower was transferred to the Ministry of National Defense of the Republic of Turkey.
• 1978 – Socialist International accepted CHP's membership application.
• 1978 - The Soviet Union announced for the first time that it was conducting nuclear tests in the Arctic.
• 1982 – Abidin Cevher Özden, popularly known as “Banker Kastelli”, was arrested in Tunisia after being brought to Turkey.
• 1986 – By-elections were held for 11 vacant seats.
• 1992 – The European Union was founded.
• 1994 - The largest accident in modern naval history occurred. Ferry M/S Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea; 852 people died.
• 1995 – Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) leader Yasser Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin agreed on the transfer of the West Bank to the Palestinian Authority.
• 2003 – Turkey women's national volleyball team became the second in Europe for the first time in its history.

Births 

• 551 BC – Confucius, Chinese philosopher (d. 479 BC)
• 616 – Javanshir, ruler of Caucasian Albania, who was the second son of Varaz Grigor and ruled between 638-681 (d. 681)
• 1681 – Johann Mattheson, German composer (d. 1764)
• 1803 – Prosper Merimee, French novelist (d. 1870)
• 1819 – Aimé Millet, French sculptor (d. 1891)
• 1823 – Alexandre Cabanel, French painter (d. 1889)
• 1841 – Georges Clemenceau, French journalist, physician, politician, and Prime Minister of France (d. 1929)
• 1852 – Henri Moissan, French chemist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
• 1867 – Hiranuma Kiichirō, Japanese national right politician (d. 1952)
• 1887 – Avery Brundage, American athlete (d. 1975)
• 1898 – Carl Clauberg, medical doctor in Nazi Germany (who used people as guinea pigs in concentration camps) (d. 1957)
• 1905 – Max Schmeling, German boxer and world heavyweight champion (d. 2005)
• 1919 – İsmail Erez, Turkish diplomat and Turkish Ambassador to Paris (d. 1975)
• 1924 – Giuseppe Chiappella, Italian football player (d. 2009)
• 1924 – Lale Oraloğlu, Turkish theater actress (d. 2007)
• 1924 – Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor (d. 1996)
• 1930 – Immanuel Wallerstein, American sociologist (d. 2019)
• 1932 – Víctor Jara, Chilean artist (d. 1973)
• 1933 – Miguel Berrocal, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 2006)
• 1934 - Brigitte Bardot, French actress
• 1947 – Sheikh Hasina Wacid, Bangladeshi politician
• 1950 – Levent Kırca, Turkish comedian (d. 2015)
• 1950 – Christina Hoff Sommers, American researcher-author
• 1952 – Seyyal Taner, Turkish singer and actress
• 1952 – Sylvie Kristel, Dutch actress and model (d. 2012)
• 1954 – George Lynch, American musician
• 1954 – Margot Wallström, Swedish politician, minister
• 1955 – Stéphane Dion, Canadian politician and minister
• 1957 – Ayşegül Aldinç, Turkish singer and actress
• 1960 – Jennifer Rush is an American singer.
• 1963 – Érik Comas, Former French Formula 1, Formula 3000, Formula Rippon, Super GT racer
• 1964 – Claudio Borghi, Argentine national football player and manager
• 1964 - Paul Jewell, English football player, coach and manager
• 1966 – Maria Canals Barrera, an American and Cuban actress
• 1967 – Mira Sorvino, American actress
• 1968 – Mika Häkkinen, Finnish race car driver
• 1968 - Naomi Watts, English actress
• 1969 Piper Kerman, American memoirist
• 1970 – Kimiko Date is a Japanese professional tennis player.
• 1970 – Miraç Eronat, Turkish theater, cinema, TV series actor and voice actor
• 1971 – Cenk Durmazel, Turkish comedian and soloist of Malt and Badluck
• 1971 - Alan Wright, English former football player
• 1972 - Dita Von Teese, American model
• 1976 – Fedor Emelianenko, Russian fighter
• 1977 – Young Jeezy, American rapper and songwriter
• 1979 – Bam Margera, American actor and skateboarder
• 1981 - Willy Caballero, Argentine football player
• 1981 – José Calderón, Spanish professional basketball player
• 1981 – Gül Shadow, Turkish TV presenter, model and actress
• 1981 – Jorge Guague, Ecuadorian national football player
• 1982 – Alexander Anyukov, Russian football player
• 1982 – Emeka Okafor is an American basketball player.
• 1982 – Anderson Varejao is a Brazilian professional basketball player.
• 1984 – Melody Thornton, American singer, songwriter, and dancer
• 1984 – Mathieu Valbuena, French football player
• 1986 – Andres Guardado, Mexican football player
• 1986 – Engin Öztürk, Turkish actor
• 1986 – Javi Poves, Spanish football player
• 1987 – Hilary Duff, American singer and actress
• 1988 – Marin Čilić, Croatian professional tennis player
• 1988 – Esmée Denters is a Dutch singer and songwriter.
• 1989 – Çağla Büyükakçay, Turkish national tennis player
• 1989 – Marcus Gross, German canoeist
• 1992 – Gizem Başaran, Turkish female basketball player
• 1993 – Stelios Kiçiu, Greek national football player
• 1994 – Onurcan Piri, Turkish football player

Deaths 

• 1197 – VI. Henry, King of Germany (b. 1165)
• 1555 – Kara Ahmed Pasha, Ottoman Grand Vizier (Kanuni period) (b. ?)
• 1574 – II. Guidobaldo della Rovere, Italian noble (b. 1514)
• 1859 – Carl Ritter, German historian, philosopher, and geographer (b. 1779)
• 1888 – François Achille Bazaine, French field marshal (b. 1811)
• 1891 – Herman Melville, American poet and author (b. 1819)
• 1895 – Louis Pasteur, French chemistry and biology scholar (b. 1822)
• 1914 – Stevan Stojanović Mokranjac, Serbian composer, music educator, conductor, collector, and writer (b. 1856)
• 1918 – Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)
• 1935 – William Kennedy Dickson, Scottish inventor who, in the employment of Thomas Edison, invented the first motion picture camera (d. 1860)
• 1953 – Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (b. 1889)
• 1956 – William Boeing, American businessman, founder of Boeing (b. 1881)
• 1964 – Harpo Marx (second of the Marx Brothers), American actor and comedian (b. 1888)
• 1964 – Henri Grégoire, Belgian historian (b. 1881)
• 1966 – Andre Breton, French writer and poet (b. 1896)
• 1970 – Gamal Abdel Nasser, Egyptian soldier, statesman, and socialist leader (2nd President of Egypt) (b. 1918)
• 1970 – John Dos Passos, American author (b. 1896)
• 1978 – John Paul I, 263rd Pope of the Catholic Church (one of the 33 shortest popes at 10 days) (b. 1912)
• 1979 – Cevat Yurdakul, Turkish police and Adana Police Chief (assassinated) (b. 1942)
• 1981 – Rómulo Betancourt, Venezuelan politician (b. 1908)
• 1984 – Cihat Baban, Turkish politician, journalist and writer (b. 1911)
• 1987 – Sevim Deran, Turkish singer (b. 1935)
• 1989 – Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (b. 1917)
• 1990 – Larry O'Brien, NBA boss from 1975-1984 (b. 1917)
• 1991 – Miles Davis, American musician (b. 1926)
• 1993 – Tevfik Akdag, Turkish poet (b. 1932)
• 1994 – Harry Saltzman, American filmmaker (b. 1915)
• 2000 – Pierre Trudeau, Canadian lawyer, journalist, and 15th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1919)
• 2003 – Elia Kazan, Greek-American director and writer (b. 1909)
• 2010 – Ali Ecder Akışık, Turkish theater, film actor and voice actor (b. 1938)
• 2010 – Arthur Penn, American director (b. 1922)
• 2013 – Turgut Özakman, Turkish bureaucrat, writer and lawyer (b. 1930)
• 2014 – Talip Apaydın, Turkish writer (Village Institute graduate) (b. 1926)
• 2015 – Catherine Coulson, American actress (b. 1943)
• 2015 – Ignacio Zoco, Spanish former football player (b. 1939)
• 2016 – Ann Emery, English actress (b. 1930)
• 2016 – Larkin Malloy, American television actor, announcer, voice actor, and acting instructor (b. 1954)
• 2016 – Agnes Nixon, American actress, writer, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1922)
• 2016 – Shimon Peres, Israeli politician and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1923)
• 2017 – Marietta Marich, American actress, singer, writer, theater director, and television host (b. 1930)
• 2017 – Daniel Pe'er, Israeli presenter and newscaster (b. 1943)
• 2017 – Jürgen Roth, German investigative journalist and author (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Andreas Schmidt, German actor and theater director (b. 1963)
• 2017 – Benjamin Withrow, English comedian, actor, and voice actor (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Tamaz Chiladze, Georgian writer, poet and playwright (b. 1931)
• 2018 – Barnabas Sibusiso Dlamini, Esvatinian politician (b. 1942)
• 2018 – Joe Masteroff, American playwright (b. 1919)
• 2019 – José Aldunate, Chilean jesuit priest, educator, and human rights activist (b. 1917)
• 2019 – Alexander Davion, French-English actor (b. 1929)
• 2019 – José José, Mexican singer, musician and actor (b. 1948)
• 2020 – Rubén Anguiano, former Mexican football player (b. 1955)

Holidays and special occasions 

• Storm: Chestnut Black Storm