Today in History: The Republican People's Party was Founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk

September 9 is the 252th (253th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 113.

Railways

• 9 September 1855 The construction of the Ottoman State Istanbul-Edirne-Varna and Varna-Balâklava telegraph line was completed and put into service.
• 9 September 1861 Bag-Cellatcoffee line (11 km) opened.
• 9 September 1882 Mehmet Nahid Bey and the proposals of Kostaki Teodoridi Efendi The Nafia Commission prepared a new specification for the Mersin-Adana line.
• 9 1927 Poplar-Basin Line (38 km) was launched. The contractor was Nuri Demirağ. Samsun-Kavak line was opened for operation.
• 9 September 1929 Fevzipaşa-Gölbaşı (143 km) line is opened. The contractor was Sweden-Denmark Group.

Events 

• 479 BC – Battle of Platea takes place.
• 1543 - Mary Stuart is crowned Queen of Scots at the age of 9 years.
• 1570 – Nicosia was conquered by the Turks.
• 1850 - California was admitted to the United States as the 31st state.
• 1886 – The Berne International Copyright Convention is convened.
• 1892 - Amalthea, Jupiter's fifth moon, is found.
• 1914 – The Committee of Union and Progress rejected all capitulations accepted by the Ottoman Government.
• 1922 – Liberation of Izmir: After the Battle of Dumlupınar was won, the Turkish Army, which led the Greek Army in front of it, entered the occupied Izmir.
• 1923 – The Republican People's Party was founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.
• 1940 - Hungarian Army kills 87 Romanians and 6 Jews in the Treznea Massacre.
• 1945 – The Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) ends.
• 1948 - Kim Il-sung proclaims the founding of North Korea.
• 1955 – The Turkish Government decided to help the individuals and organizations damaged in the 6-7 September Incidents.
• 1971 – The law on the establishment of Boğaziçi University was accepted.
• 1974 – At the 11th Golden Orange Film Festival, the Golden Orange Award went to Lütfi Ömer Akad Wedding got the movie.
• 1974 – Keban Dam and Hydroelectric Power Plant was opened.
• 1974 – TRT Radio 1 and TRT Radio 3 were created by merging the central and regional radios of TRT.
• 1982 – Bora Süelkan, Administrative Attaché of the Turkish Consulate in Burgas, was killed by Armenians.
• 1991 – The Confederation of Revolutionary Trade Unions (DİSK) was reactivated.
• 1992 - Spain recognized the autonomy of the Catalonia region.
• 1993 – ATV started broadcasting.
• 1993 - Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) agreed to recognize each other.
• 1995 – Miss Turkey Yeşim Paladüz was selected as Miss World.
• 2001 – 12 Giant Men came second in the European Championship held in Turkey.
• 2004 – A bomb exploded outside the Australian Embassy in Jakarta, killing 10 people.
• 2009 – The highest rainfall in the last 80 years was experienced in Istanbul. Due to the floods, many people lost their lives and extensive property damage occurred.
• 2010 – A natural gas line in San Bruno, California, USA, exploded, creating a 300-metre-high wall of fire.
• 2011 – Zeugma Mosaic Museum in Gaziantep, the world's largest mosaic museum, was opened to visitors.

Births 

• 214 – Aurelian, Roman Emperor (d. 275)
• 384 – Honorius, Roman Emperor and later Western Roman Emperor (d. 423)
• 1349 – III. Albert, member of the House of Habsburg, duke of Austria from 1365 until his death (d. 1395)
• 1466 – Ashikaga Yoshitane, 10th shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate (d. 1523)
• 1583 – Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian composer (d. 1643)
• 1585 – Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu, French clergyman, nobleman, and politician (d. 1642)
• 1737 – Luigi Galvani, Italian physicist (d. 1798)
• 1778 – Clemens Brentano, German writer (d. 1842)
• 1823 – Joseph Leidy, American scientist (d. 1891)
• 1828 – Lev Tolstoy, Russian writer (d. 1910)
• 1855 Houston Stewart Chamberlain, English writer and philosopher (d. 1927)
• 1869 – Abdullah Cevdet, Ottoman politician and philosopher (d. 1932)
• 1906 – Ali Hadi Bara, Turkish sculptor (d. 1971)
• 1908 – Cesare Pavese, Italian poet and novelist (d. 1950)
• 1909 Arthur Jonath, German athlete (d. 1963)
• 1913 – Tarık Levendoğlu, Turkish stage designer, theater director, translator and fresco painter (d. 1978)
• 1922 – Bernard Bailyn, American historian, author, and professor
• 1928 – Sol LeWitt, American sculptor and painter (d. 2007)
• 1932 – Müşfik Kenter, Turkish theater and cinema artist (d. 2012)
• 1935 – Demir Özlü, Turkish writer
• 1939 – Alexandre Benmakhlouf, French lawyer
• 1940 – Cihangir Gaffari, Iranian actor
• 1941 – Dennis Ritchie, American computer engineer (d. 2011)
• 1943 – Başar Sabuncu, Turkish actor, screenwriter and director (d. 2015)
• 1959 – Ruhsar Öcal, Turkish opera soloist, theater, cinema and TV series actor
• 1960 – Hugh Grant, English actor and filmmaker
• 1961 – Faruk Çaturoğlu, Turkish politician
• 1965 – Cihat Levent, Turkish national basketball player
• 1966 - Adam Sandler, American actor
• 1967 – Akshay Kumar, Indo-Punjab actor, director and producer
• 1967 – Anna Malle, American porn star (d. 2006)
• 1967 - Akshay Kumar, Indian actor
• 1969 – Rachel Hunter, New Zealand model, actress, and reality TV host
• 1969 – Özlem Zengin, Turkish lawyer and politician
• 1970 – Tülay Günal, Turkish actress
• 1970 – Cüneyt Mete, Turkish actor
• 1971 – Eric Stonestreet, American actor and comedian
• 1972 – Natasha Kaplinsky, British news anchor
• 1972 – Xavier Pascual, Spanish professional basketball coach
• 1972 – George Perez, American actor
• 1972 – Goran Višnjić, Croatian actor
• 1974 – Ece Uslu, Turkish actress
• 1975 – İlker Kızmaz, Turkish cinema and TV series actor
• 1975 – Michael Bublé, Canadian musician, pop-jazz artist and actor
• 1976 – Mick Blue, Austrian porn actor
• 1976 – Emma de Caunes, French actress
• 1977 – Fatih Tekke, Turkish football player
• 1977 – Farzad Majidi, Iranian national football player
• 1978 – Arzu Şahin, Turkish folk music artist
• 1979 - Nikki DeLoach, American actress and performance singer
• 1979 – Gökçe, Turkish singer
• 1980 – Václav Drobný, Czech former international football player (d. 2012)
• 1980 – Michelle Williams, American actress
• 1982 – Isabelle Caro, French model and actress (d.2010)
• 1982 – Welissa De Souza Gonzaga, Brazilian volleyball player
• 1984 - Brad Guzan is an American football player.
• 1984 – Mihalis Sifakis, Greek former national football player
• 1985 – Lior Eliyahu, Israeli professional basketball player
• 1985 – Luka Modrić, Croatian national football player
• 1986 – İbrahim Kendirci, Turkish actor
• 1986 – Luc Mbah a Moute, Cameroonian professional basketball player
• 1987 – Afrojack, Dutch DJ and producer
• 1987 – Alex Song, Cameroonian football player
• 1987 – Clayton Snyder, American actor
• 1987 – Gökhan Keser, Turkish singer
• 1988 - Danilo D'Ambrosio, Italian football player
• 1991 - Oscar, Brazilian national football player
• 1991 – Danilo Luís Helio Pereira, Portuguese football player
• 1993 – Sarah Logan, American professional wrestler
• 1994 – Lucas Ontivero, Argentine football player
• 1994 – Ali Faiz Atiyye, Iraqi football player
• 1994 – Yuta Toyokawa, Japanese football player

Deaths 

• 276 - Florianus, Roman Emperor
• 1000 – Olaf I, King of Norway (b. 960)
• 1087 – William I, King of England (b. 1028)
• 1271 – III. Yaroslav, first Prince of Tver from 1264 to 1271 and tenth Grand Prince of Vladimir (b. 1230)
• 1483 – IV. Edward, King of England (b. 1442)
• 1487 – Chenghua, Emperor of China (b. 1447)
• 1513 – IV. James, King of Scots (b. 1473)
• 1569 – Pieter Brueghel, Dutch painter (b. 1525)
• 1583 – Humphrey Gilbert, English adventurer, explorer, MP, and soldier who served during the reign of Elizabeth I (b. 1539)
• 1596 – Anna Jagiellon, queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania from 1575 to 1586 (b. 1523)
• 1806 – William Paterson, New Jersey statesman and signer of the United States Constitution (b. 1745)
• 1830 – Bailey Bartlett, American politician (b. 1750)
• 1841 – Augustin Pyramus de Candolle, Swiss botanist (b. 1778)
• 1891 – Jules Grévy, French statesman (b. 1807)
• 1898 – Stéphane Mallarmé, French poet (b. 1842)
• 1901 – Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, French painter (b. 1864)
• 1941 – Hans Spemann, German embryologist and Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1869)
• 1942 – Şevki Savaşçı, Turkish soldier and veteran of the War of Independence (b. 1878)
• 1943 – Charles McLean Andrews, American historian (b. 1863)
• 1959 – Ramón Fonst, Cuban fencer (b. 1883)
• 1960 – Jussi Björling, Swedish tenor (b. 1911)
• 1976 – Mao Zedong, Chinese revolutionary, politician, and founder of the Communist Party of China (b. 1893)
• 1978 – Ida Noddack, German chemist and physicist (b. 1896)
• 1978 – Jack Warner, Canadian-born American filmmaker (b. 1892)
• 1981 – Jacques Lacan, French psychiatrist (b. 1901)
• 1983 – Luis Monti, Argentine football player (b. 1901)
• 1984 – Yılmaz Güney, Turkish director and film actor (b. 1937)
• 1985 – Sırrı Atalay, Turkish politician and lawyer (b. 1919)
• 1985 – Paul Flory, American chemist who won the 1974 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1910)
• 1985 – Erkan Yücel, Turkish theater, cinema and TV series actor (b. 1944)
• 1989 – Elevter Andronikashvili, Georgian physicist (b. 1910)
• 1990 – Nicola Abbagnano, Italian existentialist philosopher (b. 1901)
• 1993 – Maurice Yaméogo, Burkina Faso politician (b. 1921)
• 1995 – Erik Nilsson, Swedish football player (b. 1916)
• 1996 – Bill Monroe, American mandolist, singer, and songwriter (b. 1911)
• 1997 – Burgess Meredith, American actress (b. 1907)
• 1998 – Semiha Şakir, Turkish philanthropist (b. 1905)
• 2001 – Ahmad Shah Massoud, Afghan military leader (b. 1953)
• 2003 – Edward Teller, Hungarian-American theoretical physicist (b. 1908)
• 2006 – Mehmet Emin Aga, elected mufti of Western Thrace Turk Xanthi (Western Thrace-Greece) (b. 1932)
• 2010 – Bent Larsen, Danish chess player (b. 1935)
• 2010 – Rauno Mäkinen, Finnish wrestler (b. 1931)
• 2013 – Patricia Blair, American actress (b. 1931)
• 2014 – Denny Miller, American actor (b. 1934)
• 2016 – Mario Spezi, Italian journalist and author (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Frank Aarebrot, Norwegian political scientist and academic (b. 1947)
• 2018 – Frank Andersson, Swedish wrestler and TV entertainer (b. 1956)
• 2018 – Javier Usabiaga Arroyo, Mexican businessman and politician (b. 1939)
• 2018 Catra is a Brazilian pop-funk singer, musician, and actor (b. 1968)
• 2019 – Lavrendis Maheriças, Greek rock musician and songwriter (b. 1956)
• 2019 – Dinçer Sümer, Turkish theater actor, director and voice actor (b. 1938)
• 2020 – Henrietta Boggs was an American author, journalist, and activist (b. 1918)
• 2020 – KS Firoz, Bangladeshi actor (b. 1946)
• 2020 – Shere Hite, US-born German sexologist and feminist (b. 1942)
• 2020 – Yopie Latul, Indonesian singer (b. 1953)
• 2020 – Amos Luzzatto, Italian writer (b. 1928)

Holidays and special occasions 

• Chrysanthemum Day
• North Korea Republic Day
• Tajikistan Independence Day