Today in History: The First Military Air Raid in History Has Taken

August 22 is the 234th (235th in leap years) day of the year according to the Gregorian calendar. The number of days left until the end of the year is 131.

Railways

• 22 August 1951 Adapazarı Railroad Factory was opened.

Events

• 1642 - English Civil War started.
• 1654 - Jacob Barsimson arrives in New-Amsterdam, which will become New York in the future. He was the first Jew to settle in what would be called "USA".
• 1703 – III. Ahmed, II. He ascended the throne instead of Mustafa and became the new Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
• 1780 - British James Cook's ship returned to Great Britain.
• 1791 - First slave uprising in Haiti.
• 1812 – Discovery of the archaeological site Petra in Jordan.
• 1848 - The United States annexed (conquered) New Mexico.
• 1849 - The first military air raid in history took place. Austria sent pilotless air balloons to Venice, Italy.
• 1864 – 12 states signed the first Geneva Convention: Creation of the Red Cross.
• 1901 - Cadillac Motor Company was founded.
• 1910 - Japan annexed Korea.
• 1941 - The German Army reaches Leningrad and the siege begins.
• 1942 - Brazil declares war on Germany and Italy.
• 1952 – by Henri Charrière Butterfly to his novel and to the movie Prison facilities in French Guiana, which was the subject of the article, were completely closed.
• 1961 – Higher Education Credit and Hostels Institution was established.
• 1962 – An assassination attempt on French President Charles de Gaulle fails.
• 1962 - NS, the first nuclear-powered cargo and passenger ship Savannah made its inaugural journey.
• 1965 – Sadun Boro started his world tour with his sailboat.
• 1989 - Discovery of the first ring of the planet Neptune.

Births 

• 1624 – Jean Renaud de Segrais, French writer (d. 1701)
• 1647 – Denis Papin, French physicist and explorer (d. 1713)
• 1760 – XII. Leo, 252nd Pope of the Catholic Church (d. 1829)
• 1764 – Josef Abel, Austrian painter (d. 4 October 1818)
• 1811 – Charles de Lalaisse, French lithographer, designer, and painter (d. 1892)
• 1844 – George W. DeLong, American naval officer and explorer (d. 1881)
• 1862 – Claude Debussy, French composer (d. 1918)
• 1873 – Alexander Bogdanov, Russian scientist, philosopher, and science fiction writer (d. 1928)
• 1874 – Max Ferdinand Scheler, German philosopher (d. 1928)
• 1882 – Raymonde de Laroche, French pilot and woman who received the world's first aircraft pilot license (d. 1919)
• 1887 – Ludwig Schwerin von Krosigk, last chancellor of Nazi Germany (d. 1977)
• 1891 – Jacques Lipchitz, cubist sculptor who became a French citizen and later a US citizen (d. 1973)
• 1902 – Leni Riefenstahl, German actress, film director and producer (d. 2003)
• 1904 – Deng Xiaoping, Chinese politician and President of China (d. 1997)
• 1908 – Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer (d. 2004)
• 1909 – Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter (d. 2000)
• 1913 – Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian nuclear physicist (d. 1993)
• 1915 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and last Prime Minister of the Polish Government-in-Exile (d. 2005)
• 1917 – John Lee Hooker, American blues singer, guitarist, and composer (d. 2001)
• 1920 – Ray Bradbury, American author (d. 2012)
• 1925 – Honor Blackman, English actor (d. 2020)
• 1926 – Ümit Yaşar Oğuzcan, Turkish poet (d. 1984)
• 1928 – Karlheinz Stockhausen, German classical music and opera composer (d. 2007)
• 1930 – Gilmar, Brazilian football player (d. 2013)
• 1934 – Norman Schwarzkopf, Retired American Commander (d. 2012)
• 1935 – E. Annie Proulx, American novelist, short story writer, and journalist
• 1939 – Valerie Harper, American television and television actress, comedian, dancer, and author (d. 2019)
• 1942 – Uğur Mumcu, Turkish journalist and writer (d. 1993)
• 1944 – Ayşen Gruda, Turkish theater and film actress (d. 2019)
• 1954 – Veysel Çolak, Turkish poet and novelist
• 1957 – Steve Davis is a retired English professional snooker player.
• 1958 – Necdet Adalı, Turkish revolutionary (the first revolutionary executed after the 12 September Coup) (d.1980)
• 1958 – Colm Feore is an American-Canadian stage, film and television actor.
• 1959 – Mark Williams, English actor and comedian
• 1963 Tori Amos, American singer
• 1966 – GZA, American rapper, member of the Wu-Tang Clan
• 1966 – Rob Witschge, Dutch football player and manager
• 1967 – Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, English actress
• 1967 – Ty Burrell, American actor
• 1967 – Layne Staley, American musician (d. 2002)
• 1968 – Aleksandr Mostovoi, Russian-born USSR national football player
• 1970 – Tímea Nagy, Hungarian epee fencer and sports manager
• 1970 – Gianluca Ramazzotti, Italian actor
• 1973 - Kristen Wiig, American actress
• 1973 – Eurelijus Žukauskas, Former professional basketball player
• 1975 – Clint Bolton, Australian national football player
• 1975 – Rodrigo Santoro, Brazilian actor
• 1976 – Aslıhan Yeltekin, Turkish journalist and presenter
• 1977 – Heiðar Helguson, Icelandic national football player
• 1978 – James Corden, English actor, comedian, singer, writer, producer and television presenter
• 1978 – Jeff Stinco, Canadian musician (Simple Plan)
• 1983 – Theo Bos, Dutch professional road and track cyclist
• 1984 - Lee Camp, English football player
• 1984 – Lawrence Quaye is a Ghanaian-Qatar football player.
• 1984 – Ekin Turkmen, Turkish actress and model
• 1986 – Stephen Ireland, Irish football player
• 1986 – Tokushōryū Makoto, Japanese professional sumo wrestler
• 1986 - Adrian Neville, English professional wrestler
• 1987 - Apollo Crews, American professional wrestler
• 1989 – Giacomo Bonaventura, Italian national football player
• 1991 – Uğur Kaynak, Turkish football player
• 1991 - Federico Macheda, Italian football player
• 1994 – Astou Ndour, Spanish professional basketball player
• 1995 – Dua Lipa, English singer, songwriter and model

Deaths 

• 408 – Stilicho, high-ranking general in the Late Roman Army (b. 359)
• 1155 – Konoe, 76th emperor of Japan in traditional succession (b. 1139)
• 1241 – IX. Gregory was Pope from March 19, 1227 to August 22, 1241 (b. 1170)
• 1280 – III. Nicolaus, 188th Pope of the Catholic Church (b. 1225)
• 1350 – VI. Philippe was the first king of France from the House of Valois (b. 1293)
• 1358 - Isabella, King of England II. Edward's wife (b. 1295)
• 1456 – II. Vladislav was a Voivode of the principality of Wallachia from 1447 to 1448 and again from 1448 to 1456.
• 1485 – III. Richard, King of England (b. 1452)
• 1545 – Charles Brandon, son of Sir William Brandon and Elizabeth Bruyn (b. 1484)
• 1553 – John Dudley, English politician and soldier (b. 1504)
• 1652 – Jacob De la Gardie, statesman and commander of the Swedish Empire (b. 1583)
• 1791 – Johann David Michaelis, German theologian (b. 1717)
• 1817 – Nakşidil Sultan, Ottoman Sultan II. Mahmut's mother, Valide Sultan and wife of Abdulhamit I (b. 1768)
• 1860 – Alexandre-Gabriel Decamps, French painter (b. 1803)
• 1861 – Xianfeng, ninth emperor of China's Qing Dynasty (b. 1831)
• 1891 – Jan Neruda, Czech writer (b. 1834)
• 1903 – Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
• 1904 – Kate Chopin, American short story writer (b. 1851)
• 1920 – Anders Zorn, Swedish painter, engraver, sculptor, and photographer (b. 1860)
• 1922 – Michael Collins, Irish independence struggle hero (b. 1890)
• 1929 – Otto Liman von Sanders, Prussian soldier (b. 1855)
• 1942 – Michel Fokine, Russian choreographer and ballet dancer (b. 1880)
• 1946 – Döme Sztójay, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1883)
• 1958 – Roger Martin du Gard, French writer and Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
• 1966 – Erwin Komenda, German-Austrian automobile designer (b. 1904)
• 1972 – Orhan Seyfi Orhon, Turkish poet (member of the Beş Syllables group) (b. 1890)
• 1974 – Jacob Bɾonowski, English mathematician, biologist, scientist, theater writer, poet, and inventor (b. 1908)
• 1976 – Juscelino Kubitschek, Brazilian politician (b. 1902)
• 1978 – Ignazio Silone, Italian writer (b. 1900)
• 1978 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan politician and first Prime Minister of Kenya (b. 1889)
• 1985 – Turgut Uyar, Turkish poet (b. 1927)
• 1986 – Celâl Bayar, Turkish politician, statesman and President (b. 1883)
• 1989 – Huey P. Newton, African-American political activist (b. 1942)
• 1991 – Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian-American actress (b. 1924)
• 1991 – Boris Pugo, Latvian-born Soviet politician and communist (b. 1937)
• 2000 – Ebulfez Elçibey, Azerbaijani politician (b. 1938)
• 2004 – Daniel Petrie, Canadian film director (b. 1920)
• 2010 – Stjepan Bobek, Yugoslavian football player, manager (b. 1923)
• 2010 – Michel Montignac, French diet developer and author (b. 1944)
• 2013 – Jetty Paerl, Dutch-German singer (b. 1921)
• 2014 – John S. Waugh, American chemist and institute professor (b. 1929)
• 2015 – Mariem Hassan, Western Saharan singer (b. 1958)
• 2015 – Ieng Thirith, Cambodian female politician, senior member of the Khmer Rouge (b. 1921)
• 2016 – Farid Ali, Bangladeshi actor (b. 1945)
• 2016 – Michael Brooks, American former NBA basketball player (b. 1958)
• 2016 – Sellapan Ramanathan, sixth President of the Republic of Singapore (b. 1924)
• 2017 – John Abercrombie, American jazz musician and guitarist (b. 1944)
• 2017 – Alain Berbérian, French film director and screenwriter (b. 1953)
• 2017 – Feyyaz Berker, Turkish businessman and founder of Tekfen Holding (b. 1925)
• 2017 – Tony deBrum, Marshall Islands politician and activist who served as Secretary of State (b. 1945)
• 2017 – Şükrü Kızılot, Turkish academic and journalist (b. 1958)
• 2017 – Tom Pritchard, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1917)
• 2017 – Bülent Uluer, Turkish political activist, politician and former Revolutionary Youth (Dev-Genç) Chairman (b. 1952)
• 2018 – Tullio Ilomets, Estonian chemist, historian, scientist and historian (b. 1921)
• 2018 – Gurudas Kamat, Indian lawyer, economist and politician (b. 1954)
• 2018 – Ed King, American rock musician and songwriter (b. 1949)
• 2018 – Lazy Lester is an American blues musician (b. 1933)
• 2018 – Jesús Torbado, Spanish writer (b. 1943)
• 2019 – Junior Agogo, former Ghanaian football player (b. 1979)
• 2019 – Tim Fischer, Australian politician and diplomat (b. 1946)
• 2020 – John Bangsund, Australian science fiction fan (b. 1939)
• 2020 – Mrinal Haque, Bangladeshi sculptor (b. 1958)
• 2020 – Emil Jula, Romanian football player (b. 1980)
• 2020 – Karim Kamalov, Uzbek politician (b. 1954)
• 2020 – Ulla Pia, Danish singer (b. 1945)