One of the most beautiful dreams of couples who want to be parents is to embrace their children and make plans for healthy and happy days.
The realization of this dream is possible with a pregnancy process where everything goes well. For a healthy pregnancy process, it is of great importance that expectant mothers start their preparations before pregnancy. Acıbadem Kozyatağı Hospital Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist Dr. Berkem Ökten said, “Many health problems such as anemia, diabetes and thyroid diseases tend to become more severe during pregnancy. For this reason, it is very important that the relevant values are at the ideal level before pregnancy. In addition, if there are habits that are harmful to health such as smoking and alcohol use, their use should be stopped before pregnancy. he states. Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist Dr. Berkem Ökten explained 6 health problems that threaten the health of both mother and baby during pregnancy; made important suggestions and warnings.
Obesity
Body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 - 24.9 kg / m2 means that the person is at the ideal weight. A BMI value above 30 is defined as obesity. Emphasizing that women who are above their ideal weight may experience serious problems during pregnancy, Dr. Berkem Ökten continues as follows:
“When pregnant with high weight, the risk of high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, pregnancy poisoning (preeclampsia) increases. In addition to excess weight or growth retardation in the baby, the risks such as the threat of premature birth are also increasing. In addition, studies show that women with obesity problems have less frequency and severity of uterine contractions during childbirth. Because of insufficient contractions, problems such as cesarean section instead of normal delivery or excessive bleeding as a result of non-contraction of the uterus are experienced more frequently. " Therefore, it is very important to reach the ideal weight before pregnancy for a healthy pregnancy and birth. Suggesting to consume plenty of vegetables and fruits, meet daily water needs, and avoid simple sugars, artificial sweeteners and processed foods, Dr. Berkem Ökten, "In addition to regular exercise for 30-60 minutes a day, it is also important to stay away from adequate sleep and stress as much as possible in weight control." he adds.
Like obesity, extreme thinness also negatively affects the pregnancy period. Studies observing mothers with a BMI below 18.5; It shows that there is an increased risk of growth retardation, low birth weight, the threat of preterm birth and perineal (genital labia and breech circumference) tears in normal delivery.
Uncontrolled diabetes
High blood sugar level, ie diabetes, during pregnancy; It increases the risk of problems such as recurrent miscarriage, congenital heart or organ anomalies in the baby, negative effects on the development of the baby's lungs, the need for incubators after birth and the baby being overweight. Stating that the excess weight of the baby leads to the risk of premature birth and makes normal birth difficult, Dr. Berkem Ökten said, “If the baby is extremely large, it may cause problems such as damage during birth or serious tears in the genital area of the mother due to birth and preferring cesarean delivery instead of normal due to these risks. For this reason, blood sugar level must be taken under control before pregnancy. " warns. In addition, he recommends that sugar screening tests be done during pregnancy.
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid need, which is a very important element for the development of the baby's brain and nervous system, increases up to 250-300 micrograms per day during pregnancy. In case of insufficient production of thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism), important problems such as miscarriages, mental retardation and low birth weight may develop in the baby. In case of excessive thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism), miscarriages, premature birth, low birth weight, anemia, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and heart rhythm disorders can be seen. Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist Dr. Berkem Ökten "Seafood, meat, milk, eggs, green leafy vegetables and iodized salt are among the main sources of iodine." he gives information.
Anemia
During pregnancy, the need for iron increases and therefore, iron deficiency anemia (anemia) may develop in the following weeks. Iron deficiency anemia can also lead to serious problems such as increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight baby, and blood loss at birth reaching a level that threatens the life of the mother. For this reason, it is very important to have full iron stores before pregnancy. However, according to the studies; In our country, the prevalence of anemia due to iron deficiency in the early weeks of pregnancy is as high as 40 percent. Stating that in the case of anemia, blood values should be increased to the normal range with iron supplementation, Dr. Berkem Ökten said, “In addition, foods with high iron content such as beans, lentils, fortified breakfast cereals, beef, turkey and liver should be consumed. The diet should include foods such as orange juice, grapefruit, broccoli that facilitate the body's absorption of iron. " says.
Gum disease
As a result of changes in the hormonal and immune system, the susceptibility to gum diseases increases during pregnancy. In this condition known as pregnancy gingivitis; Increased bleeding, swelling and edema are seen in the gums. In addition, current publications show that infections due to gum disease may be associated with an increased risk of premature birth and low birth weight. It is possible to maintain oral health during this period with a dentist examination during pregnancy planning and proper oral care throughout pregnancy.
Women's diseases
It makes it difficult to conceive gynecologically or in case of pregnancy, it may cause problems in both mother and baby health; It is of great importance that fibroids, polyps, ovarian cysts, and various bacterial and viral infections that may involve the genital area should be detected and treated before pregnancy.
Pay attention to these during pregnancy!
Explaining that the mother-to-be caught infections such as rubella, toxoplasma and cytomegalovirus in the first three months of pregnancy may cause problems in the baby. Berkem Ökten continues his warnings as follows: “You should not get pregnant for 2 months after getting the rubella vaccine. A woman who has had rubella vaccine or is not immune should stay away from crowded places and environments with many children in order not to get an infection while pregnant. "
Folic acid supplementation is very important for the first 3 months
Folic acid, which has an important role in the brain and spinal cord development of the baby; It is found in foods such as fresh green vegetables, legumes, liver, walnuts and hazelnuts. Dr. Berkem Ökten stated that, in addition to the consumption of these foods, 2 micrograms of folic acid supplementation per day should be started approximately 400 months before the pregnancy is planned, "Folic acid supplementation should be continued especially in the first 3 months of pregnancy." says.
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