Stating that three out of 10 people with tuberculosis could not receive treatment because they were not diagnosed, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı: Every year, 10 million new tuberculosis patients appear in the world. Malnutrition, smoking, diabetes, HIV infection are risk factors for tuberculosis. In 2019, one person died every 22 seconds due to tuberculosis.
Noting that tuberculosis is still a disease that remains active in the world, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı emphasized that the BCG vaccine should be administered to prevent the disease, and the vaccine is both protective and provides a mild recovery from the disease. In our country since 1947 Tuberculosis Education and Awareness Week is celebrated. The aim of this week is to raise awareness of the society about the fight against tuberculosis.
It is transmitted through the respiratory route
Noting that tuberculosis, also known as tuberculosis, is a respiratory disease, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı continued as follows: The microbe that enters the lungs either remains as a silent infection or causes disease. Silent infection can cause disease in the next days or years. Although this disease most commonly affects the lungs, it is also seen in other tissues and organs. It is a treatable disease. Medicines are provided free of charge through Tuberculosis Dispensaries.
Watch out for coughing, coughing up blood and night sweats
Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı stated that the complications that develop during and after TB disease may require thoracic surgery. Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı listed the complaints caused by the disease as follows:
Tuberculosis can cause complaints such as prolonged coughing, coughing up blood, night sweats, and shortness of breath. In the diagnosis, microbes should be seen in the sputum, chest X-ray and tomography should be taken, and if necessary, surgical procedure should be performed for tissue diagnosis. for treatment myocobacterium tuberculosis Antibiotics effective against bacteria are used.
Confused with lung cancer
Noting that tuberculosis can be confused with lung cancer because it is in the form of a nodule, mass, cavity (development of a cavity in the lung) in the radiological examination, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı, Tissue is taken with an interventional procedure and the diagnosis is made by pathological examination. In some patients, the cavities formed may not regress despite drug therapy, in these cases, this tissue must be removed by surgery.
The rib cage is controlled by a video-assisted system.
Adding that the patient may have severe shortness of breath if fluid collects in the chest, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı, In undiagnosed patients, the inside of the thorax is checked with a video-assisted system, and both fluid drainage and pleural biopsy are performed from the diseased pleura. If the patient has a diagnosis, only the fluid is drained with the help of a catheter.
Surgery depends on damage condition
Underlining that situations requiring emergency surgical intervention such as pulmonary collapse after tuberculosis, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı explained the procedures to be done in this situation as follows:
First, the air outside the lung is evacuated with the catheter. If it is not enough, the diseased part is removed by surgery. Years after suffering from tuberculosis bronchiectasis enlargement of the airways may occur. Lung surgery should be performed according to the prevalence of bronchiectasis and the patient's complaint (lots of dark sputum or blood spitting, frequent use of antibiotics). The extent of the surgery depends on the damage to the lung.
Annual checkups of the lungs are important
Noting that scars may occur in the lungs due to tuberculosis, Assoc. Dr. Hatice Eryiğit Ünaldı, There is a risk of developing lung cancer above these sequelae. Treatment planning is made according to the stage of the cancer. Surgical treatment of lung cancer is no different from other patients. Having tuberculosis does not constitute an obstacle to surgery. Annual check-ups of the lungs are especially important in patients with tuberculosis.
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