Yunus Yener, Chairman of the Board of TMMOB Chamber of Mechanical Engineers. In a press release of Quo Vadis Energy Turkey? He shared the Chamber Report with the public.
To Solve Concentrated Problems, It is Necessary to Implement a Public / Socialist Program with a Planning and Social Development Perspective Based on Public Ownership, Public Service and Social Benefit
The efforts of energy management and all ruling circles aim to create an artificial perception of “country development” in the society, to forget the deepening political, economic and social crisis and to strengthen its supporters. Our rooms were prepared by the Working Group on Energy and Power in Turkey today is going where we share with the public? In the Chamber Report titled, the problems tried to be shadowed in energy and the realities tried to be hidden are mentioned.
Dependence on fossil fuels and imports continues
In our country, the share of fossil resources in primary energy supply is 83,5 percent, the share of renewable energy sources is 16,5 percent, the share of imported resources is 69 percent, and the share of domestic resources is 31 percent. In the period of 2002-2019, when the government was in power, primary energy demand increased 87,3 percent and energy inputs imports increased by 102,4 percent, while domestic energy supply increased by 83,6 percent, falling behind the increase in demand and imports.
Despite the excess supply, unplanned investments continue
With exaggerated demand forecasts and unplanned investments in the electricity sector, the installed power and generation capacity far above the need has been established. Turkey from 2018 does not show a significant increase in electricity demands since and is carried around 300 billion kWh annual electricity consumption ..
In 2020, the peak value was 49.556 MW. As of the end of October 2020 if Turkey has an installed capacity of 93.918,8 MW. That is, 44.362,8 MW instantaneous standby power is available. This figure to us, so far, the highest peak power requirements of the 2020 peak power percent 49.556 to 89,5 89,5 MW in Turkey up to indicate that auxiliary power .. it is normal to have more than a reasonable amount of peak power of installed capacity, but XNUMX percent, An excess of XNUMX points underlines the excess supply capacity.
The total installed power of the licensed projects that are in the investment process, other than Akkuyu NGS, is 18.553,7 MW, and when we accept that this power will be commissioned in the coming years; The total installed power will reach 111.437,9 MW in the coming years.
When we take the "2019 MW installed power and 94.760 GWh electricity production information" as a reference in the 466.662 Presidential Annual Program, if the total installed power of the existing and licensed projects is used with maximum efficiency and the electricity that can be produced is used more efficiently in all sectors; It can be said that the electricity consumption estimated by MENR as 2030-452 for 515, 2035-511 for 608 and 2039-556 TWh for 680 can be met significantly. Total installed power of generation facilities under construction is 23.378,73 MW, including EÜAŞ mobile power plants. When the separation of these projects according to resources / fuels is examined, it is predicted that the import-sourced power plants to be built will increase foreign dependency since most of them will be base power plants. These power plants, which are being constructed according to the profit ambitions of the investors without considering the balance of supply and demand, will confront the electricity sector with bigger problems in the future.
Energy expenditures of the wider population are increasing
Total employment outside the social security system of the 34,64 percent of the uninsured and today that more than 60 percent try to wages below the minimum wage Turkey, consecutive time with families every month from further increasing energy, water et al. The number of houses whose electricity, gas and water are cut off because they have difficulty in paying their bills and cannot pay, is expressed in millions. As of October 2020, the average monthly electricity and natural gas expenditures of households will be 15,10 of the minimum wage in Istanbul; It was up to 16,30 percent in Ankara. In the January 2019-October 2020 period, TÜİK's official inflation increase was 21,5 percent, while electricity prices in houses were 39,7 percent; natural gas prices increased by 34,7-39,7 percent.
The liabilities of companies are reflected to consumers through tariffs, consumers' electricity bills are darkened as they rise
Electricity charges used illegally by companies that do not fulfill their obligations to reduce loss / leakage rates to acceptable levels are added to subscriber bills and bills are increased.
While the hikes made in EÜAŞ Wholesale Prices in 2019 are reflected in the consumer tariffs; During the periods when the pandemic process took place in 2020, the discounts made in favor of private companies were not reflected on consumers and were used as a means of transferring resources to companies. The citizen pays for all the services that make up the cost of the electricity he uses, but he cannot see how much he pays for which service today. Because, YEKDEM costs are also reflected to electricity subscribers through the Last-source supply tariff and regulated tariffs.
Consumers cover the additional payments made to companies
Electricity generated from renewable energy sources in US dollars; Giving a purchase guarantee at a fixed price (updated periodically) on a TL basis for some of the production of domestic coal-fired power plants; it enables some electricity producers to sell electricity at prices higher than the market average selling price; In addition, some power plants are paid independent of generation under the name of the Capacity Mechanism. With some assumptions, it can be said that the total of these additional payments for the period 2018-2019 and January-September 2020 is approximately 59 billion TL. These payments made to companies are reflected on consumer bills or they are burdened on the public over the general budget by creating public losses.
Pillage made in the name of "renewable energy": Karadeniz HEPPs
After the YEKDEM mechanism, which was put into practice in 2010, the frenzy of constructing HEPPs on rivers in the Eastern Black Sea continued at an accelerated rate. Following the coastal road, which was the first dagger inserted into the bosom of the Eastern Black Sea, the second dagger was the enemies of nature and society, HEPPs built against technology and morality with the ambition for profit. Today, in addition to these, there are road projects that cause the highlands to be occupied by ugly concrete structures and vehicles, and mining projects that destroy forests, gardens and vineyards, as they did in Kazdağları. But those who resist the mines in the mountains and plateaus of the Black Sea like in Cerattepe and in Unye; There are also those who say "the plateaus are ours, long live life".
Have power plants that pollute the environment shut down?
Although the Presidency submitted a "veto" and did not comply with the requirements of the current environmental legislation, some of the domestic coal-fired power plants were granted immediate work permits or temporary operating permits at the beginning of 2020. Before long, most of the power plants closed in early June were also permitted (with temporary operating certificate). However, no information has been given to the public as to whether the investments that will provide legal limit values have been completed and, if not, on what legal basis their employment continues. When the news in the press is interpreted technically, it is concluded that the investments have not been completed and the temporary measures are not sufficient. The attempts to exempt the power plants from all of the obligations (such as emission limits, solid, liquid and gas wastes, measurement monitoring and penal provisions) that have been done or wanted to do so far, which are included in the environmental legislation and that reduce and limit the damages to the environment should end, the environment, nature, protecting the society should be essential.
On TPAO's natural gas discovery in the Black Sea
It is obvious that the dominant share of fossil fuels in primary energy supply and the high ratio of electricity generation in our country should be reduced. With renewable energy investments, the share of natural gas power plants in electricity generation can be kept below 20 percent. Based on 2019 data, the share of residence and workplace in the total natural gas consumption in our country is 42 percent and the share of industry is 27 percent. Since it is not possible to replace all of the above 40 billion m³ gas with renewable energy sources; gas exploration, exploration and the production of found gas in the seas are important.
The gas resource, which was discovered in August and announced to be 405 billion m3 in October, requires extensive and high-quality investments, which will take a long time, to put it into consumption. In these studies, it should be aimed to improve the technical workforce capacity and capabilities of the country, to make the most of the local industrial infrastructure, to enrich and develop industrial production, thus to increase employment, domestic production and added value, and to reduce product and service import and invoice. This is possible and can only be done by a strong public structure. For this reason, TPAO and BOTAŞ should immediately be excluded from the Wealth Fund and their institutional structures should be strengthened in a vertical and integrated structure.
The amendment of the law on mining, natural gas and electricity does not contain a single article to meet the energy needs of citizens.
The "Law on the Amendment of the Electricity Market Law and Certain Laws" submitted to the Turkish Grand National Assembly with the signatures of a large number of AKP deputies and finalized and approved within three weeks; brings new advantages to a small number of investors and reduces tax burdens; Supporting some investments that destroy the natural and social environment and contributing greatly to the increase in the electricity bills of consumers, YEKDEM paves the way for wrong practices and high prices to continue. The law ignored the problems of the unemployed, whose numbers are increasing exponentially, laborers who are caught by Covid 19 in unhealthy conditions, who are forced to work at the expense of death from disease, small producers who fight for life and death, and retirees whose living spaces are narrowed.
Sinop NGS is an imaginary project
The “Environmental Impact Assessment Positive Decision” issued by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization for Sinop NGS investment and a lawsuit filed by TMMOB for cancellation is against the law and public interest. The EIA Report refers to an agreement that is no longer valid. The reactor type, capacity, fuel, waste disposal etc. of Sinop NPP, which is stated in the MENR 2019-2023 Strategy Document, that a new investor partner will be determined with an intergovernmental agreement different from Akkuyu NPP. It was stated that the issues will be determined again. In addition, how the waste fuel will be accumulated at the project site for 60 years, how it will be disposed of afterwards, and its cost are not taken into account in the EIA Report, it is not included in the cost of the power plant, and what it will cost the country is not explained. The EIA Report and the EIA Positive decision of an imaginary NGS with an uncertain investor, which does not even have a site license, is null and void. After the coastal road, small HEPPs, mines and roads cutting the plateaus, the Sinop NPP project, which is a new dagger to be stuck in the bosom of the Black Sea, should be abandoned.
As stated in the last section of our report, in order to overcome the problems and meet the indispensable needs of citizens, it is necessary to implement a public, socialist program with a planning and social development perspective based on the principles of public ownership, public service and social benefit. For this, there is a need to transfer the energy sector from the profit sovereignty of private monopolies to a public plane, to move towards a low-carbon economy based on renewable resources, based on public planning, and to realize a democratic control / program by using energy in the maximum efficiency.
Quo Vadis Energy for Turkey in Room Report CLICK HERE
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