New Regulation for Bicycle Paths

Turkey's current bicycle transportation in all provinces, bicycle paths to be used for purposes such as to provide navigation and planning of sports and bicycle parking stations, the principles and procedures related to project planning and construction has been published in the Official Gazette determined again.

The 'Bicycle Roads Regulation' of the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization was published in the Official Gazette and entered into force. In the regulation, it was compulsory to include bicycle roads and bicycle parking stations reserved for new zoning plans for unplanned areas. With the new period, bicycle roads and bicycles used as transportation vehicles were officially opened.

From the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization:

BICYCLE ROADS REGULATION

FIRST PART

Purpose, Scope, Basis and Definitions

Purpose and scope

ARTICLE 1 - (1) The purpose of this Regulation is to determine the procedures and principles for the planning, design and construction of bicycle lanes and bicycle parking stations in order to ensure that the bicycle can be used for transportation, travel and sport.

(2) This Regulation covers the different types of bicycle lanes to be constructed; This standard covers the principles of integration with each other, roads, pedestrian sidewalks and transportation systems. In areas protected under special laws, planning and implementation shall be carried out in accordance with the relevant legislation, and if there is no contrary provision in regulations based on special laws, the provisions of this Regulation shall apply.

Rest

ARTICLE 2 - (1) This Regulation, 10 / 7 / 2018 dated and published in the Official Gazette 30474 numbered 1 Presidential Organization No. 97 Article No. 3 / 5 dated and dated 15th of October It was prepared.

Definitions

ARTICLE 3 - (1) In this Regulation;

a) Separated bicycle path: The bicycle path separated from the vehicle roads by a physical obstacle,

b) Ministry: Ministry of Environment and Urbanization,

c) Bicycle: The motorized vehicle that moves by turning the wheel or hand wheel with the muscle power of the person on it, electric bikes that are completely cut are also included in this class.)

ç) Bicycle bridge: A bridge which provides the connection and continuity between bicycle paths including intersections, to overcome a natural or artificial obstacle on the bicycle path route in accordance with the bicycle ride,

d) Bicycle motorway: The bicycle can be used without interruption by pedestrian crossing, motorway, intersection and level crossings, entrance and exit is prohibited except in certain places, except in ambulance, fire department, safety and gendarmerie vehicles except for certain places, closed to pedestrian and motor vehicle traffic. at least two lanes in each direction.

e) Bicycle parking station: The place where bicycles can be left for public and safe parking on or in the vicinity of the transport network or the parking place where rental bicycles can be operated under the responsibility of the relevant administrations,

f) Bicycle track: The bicycle lane that can be constructed without leaving safety distances in this Regulation apart from the vehicle traffic in green areas such as nation garden, park and recreation areas closed to motor vehicle traffic,

g) Bicycle path: A road or bicycle path that is established for the purposes of ground marking in rural areas without a zoning plan outside the settlement,

ğ) Bicycle lane: Bicycle path specially designated for cycling at road level and separated by location marking,

h) Bike path: The road which is reserved for bicycle riding and whose types are explained in the third part of this Regulation, except for the motorway and pedestrian areas and the intersection points;

ı) Bike path project: Prepared by architect, landscape architect, mapping engineer, city planner or civil engineer and approved by the relevant administration for implementation; bicycle roads and bicycle parking stations are designed in accordance with the rules and standards set forth in this Regulation, according to the types of bicycle path 1 / 100, 1 / 200 or 1 / 500 scale and 1 / 50 scale enough road fill in the road the project where the longitudinal sections on the 1 / 100 scale and, where necessary, details on the 1 / 20 scale, if necessary,

i) Longitudinal slope: The slope given to the road along the road axis along the road route,

j) Stop line: The line drawn crosswise on the pavement where the vehicles stopped by the illuminated or non-illuminated traffic sign will stop and wait,

k) Transverse slope: The slope given to both sides or one side perpendicular to the horizontal along the road axis,

l) Right of way: The right of priority for pedestrians and users to use the road over other pedestrians and users,

m) Relevant administration: In the provinces where 10 / 7 / 2004 dated and 5216 Law is applied, in the provinces where construction, maintenance and repair are under the responsibility of the metropolitan municipality, the metropolitan municipality in the places under the responsibility of metropolitan district municipality; the relevant municipality within the boundaries of municipalities and contiguous areas in other provinces;

n) Marking: The device that provides the transfer of a special instruction, information or warning with the help of lines, shapes, symbols, inscriptions, reflectors and the like in the specified colors on the road elements such as border, island, separator, guardrail by vehicle,

o) Signs: Lines, arrows, inscriptions, numbers and shapes drawn on road elements such as road pavement, border, island, median, guardrail,

ö) Intersection: The area where two or more traffic roads coming from various directions meet, leave or intersect with each other,

p) Rural bicycle band: The bicycle path that can be constructed in places where there is no implementation zoning plan between the settlements,

r) Shared bike path: The bike path determined by the marking made on the road floor that can be used jointly by the vehicles and bicyclists at the level of the vehicle path,

s) Rail transportation system vehicles: Tramway, light rail system, subway and railway vehicles,

ş) Refuge: A road structure or traffic apparatus that separates the roads or road sections from each other, prevents and regulates the passage of vehicles on one side to the other side,

t) Vehicle road: The part of the road reserved for vehicle traffic,

u) Traffic sign: Traffic equipment placed on a fixed or portable support and providing the notification of a special instruction with the symbol, color and inscription on it,

ü) TS 7249: The Standard for Sizing and Design of Urban Roads published by the Turkish Standards Institute,

v) TS 9826: Urban Roads-Bicycle Roads standard published by Turkish Standards Institute,

y) TS 10839: Standard for Design of Cycling Crossings at Urban Roads-Intersections published by Turkish Standards Institute,

z) TS 11782: Standard for Urban Roads and Bicycle Parking Facilities Design Rules published by Turkish Standards Institute,

aa) Pedestrian Pavement: A road platform between the private and public parcels and the vehicle road for pedestrians' use and separated from the vehicle road by curbstone and not used by the vehicles,

bb) Green band: means the areas which can be used both for vegetal landscape arrangement and as a separator, which are designed not to affect the cyclist's driving.

SECOND PART

General Principles of Bicycle Trails

ARTICLE 4 - (1) Bike lanes are planned as a holistic network integrated with other modes of transport linking residential areas, transportation points, sports facilities and heavily used public and private service areas with the aim of meeting the transportation needs safely.

(2) In the topography, the most suitable route for cycling is preferred when planning bicycle paths. Bicycle path network; intersections, zoning parcels and landscaping elements shall be divided into a minimum and the continuity of the road shall be planned in such a way that the cyclist can travel from a starting point to the destination without interruption. Bicycle paths cannot be planned to pass through tunnels established for vehicle roads.

(3) The cycling network is planned in such a way that bicycle drivers can be clearly seen by vehicles and pedestrians when crossing motorized roads, taking into account the right of way priorities set out in the Road Traffic Act No. 13 / 10 / 1983.

(4) Bicycle lanes and bicycle parking stations are shown in the implementation zoning plan prepared in accordance with the Spatial Plans Construction Regulation published in the Official Gazette dated 14 / 6 / 2014 and numbered 29030 and shown in the transportation master plan and urban design project, if any. Bicycle parking stations are planned to be associated with bicycle path networks and to meet the needs.

(5) For unplanned areas, new zoning plans must include reserved bicycle lanes and bicycle parking stations. In places where there is no zoning plan, rural bicycle bands and bicycle paths specified in this Regulation can be made. In places with zoning plan; cycling paths cannot be established without changing the application zoning plan, except for shared bike lanes, bicycle lanes and bike tracks. Separate bicycle paths, bicycle highways, bicycle bridges and tunnels must be reserved in the zoning plan. The revisions of the zoning plan shall include reserved bicycle paths and bicycle parking stations in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation.

(6) Although it is essential to establish a reserved bicycle path in the city; the type of bicycle path to be applied by taking into consideration the traffic density, physical conditions and similar characteristics of the region where the cycling path will be constructed is decided by the Administration. If the application zoning plan specifies which type of bicycle path to apply in this Regulation, it is compulsory to design and implement it accordingly.

(7) It is essential to include the bicycle path between the road and the sidewalk in the development plans. Bike paths are planned in the same direction or bidirectional to the vehicle path on the right side of the vehicle path. For bidirectional bicycle paths, planning and projecting is done so that the bicycle lane direction on the sidewalk side is the same as the direction of the vehicle path.

(8) The minimum width of the bike path and the width of the bike path in the application zoning plans shall be indicated for the separated bicycle paths, bicycle highways, bicycle bridges and tunnels, provided that the minimum bicycle path width and safety distances are not included in this Regulation. If the type of bike path or number of lanes is specified in the application zoning plan, projecting and implementation is carried out accordingly.

(9) In cases where there is no provision in this Regulation, the appropriate opinion of the provincial police directorate and the decision of the transportation and coordination center in metropolitan cities, provided that it does not jeopardize road safety, is the responsibility of the relevant administration to develop different solutions by taking the provincial traffic commission decision.

(10) The bicycle path project is prepared by the relevant administration and is implemented following the decision of the transportation and coordination center in metropolitan municipalities and the provincial traffic commission decision in other places.

(11) It is compulsory to prepare projects for bicycle lanes, separated bicycle lanes, bicycle tracks, rural bicycle bands, bicycle highways, bicycle bridges and tunnels.

(12) The projects show the vicinity of the bicycle path, pedestrian walkways, motorways, intersections, ground markings, lines and separators. The bike path project layout sheets also show terrain slopes and existing elevations, benchmark points and bike path elevations and a longitudinal slope at every 100 meter.

(13) In the projects of bicycle paths other than bicycle lane, the cross-section of the bike paths showing the natural slope and splitting and filling to be made on the ground shall be included, especially at 250 meters. The cross-sections are drawn on the 1 / 50 scale. In addition, every 500 meter contains detailed cross-sections on the 1 / 20 scale, showing the distance to the vehicle, the bike path and the pavement distances and separator sizes. If the project author or administration deems necessary, the number of cross-sections is increased. In the project, longitudinal sections on the 1 / 100 scale are used where necessary to determine the amount of road excavation fill.

(14) It is essential that the bicycle path is on the same level or between the road surface and the pedestrian sidewalk. Bike paths, except bicycle bridges and bicycle bridges, cannot be built at the upper level from the sidewalk. Bike paths may not be constructed below the level of the vehicle, except for bicycle underpasses and incline distances required for entry and exit. Provided that it does not contradict with the provisions of this paragraph, the application zoning plan may specify the level at which the bicycle path shall be constructed.

(15) The minimum safety distances from the vehicle path, depending on the direction of the shared bicycle path, the bicycle lane and the separated bicycle paths and the speed of the road and the bicycle path, are applied as given in the Appendix-3 Table-1.

(16) The sections of the bicycle roads that overlap with the crossroads of the vehicle road are painted with a long-lasting and non-slip blue paint, and a cut white line of 50 × 50 cm in size is used on the right and left of the bicycle path. It is not compulsory to paint the bicycle paths in other parts. However, blue paint is used in places where the relevant administration envisages painting the bicycle path.

(17) Traffic signs and markings and signaling systems are created on bicycle road networks that are compatible with the transportation systems in the whole city and provide security.

(18) The construction, maintenance and repair of bicycle path networks and bicycle parking stations are the responsibility of the relevant administration.

(19) There is no obstacle to the use of bicycle paths, and no obstacles can be found from the bike path ground level to at least 3 meters altitude. In the same way, necessary measures shall be taken by the relevant administration for tree branches overflowing on bicycle paths. If the bicycle paths are closed for maintenance and repair purposes, a warning plate is placed at least in front of the 20 meter and alternative direction is indicated. It is the responsibility of the relevant administration to make tube walkways or panels on bicycle lanes to protect against windy, snowy, rainy and similar climatic conditions that make cycling difficult.

(20) Bike lanes cannot be used by motor vehicles, except for short-term use, such as parking, garage and site access, which are connected by the motorway, and the relevant administration shall provide the relevant signs on the curb along the road route.

(21) Banners and promotional boards and necessary warnings shall be provided at places deemed appropriate by the relevant administration in order to ensure the use of bicycle paths by cyclists and to raise awareness for motor vehicle drivers.

(22) Asphalt or concrete material is used as the top layer of other bicycle paths, except bicycle paths, and it is at the discretion of the administration to use materials of similar characteristics provided that it forms a safe driving surface.

(23) Bicycle paths can be planned in order to connect the dormitory and educational buildings to each other and to the off-campus bicycle path in the university campuses and a number of bicycle parking stations are constructed to meet the need.

(24) The decision of the metropolitan transport and coordination center for the use of at least two-wheeled sledges (handles or electric skateboards, electric scooters and the like) and battery powered places may be allowed by the relevant administration by taking the decision of provincial traffic commission. No decision can be taken for the non-cycling use of bicycle highways.

(25) Provided that the positive opinion of the relevant institution is obtained for publicly owned public institutions, bicycle management training areas may be established by the administration on the condition that they do not offer indoor and outdoor sports facilities in the zoning plans provided that they are reserved as parks or recreation areas.

(26) Adjacent to the roads of the General Directorate of Highways, the application can be carried out by the relevant administration, provided that appropriate opinions are obtained before the bicycle path is designed.

(27) Bikes cannot be used in the area reserved for sidewalk. Bicycle lanes can be built to allow cycling at certain hours on pedestrianized streets.

(28) Expropriation procedures to be applied during the construction of bicycle roads shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Expropriation Law dated 4 / 11 / 1983 and numbered 2942.

THIRD PART

Types of Bicycle Roads, Design and Construction Rules

Shared bike paths

ARTICLE 5 - (1) Within the boundaries of the municipality and adjacent areas, the maximum speed limit for the car is maximum 50 km / h, with multiple lanes in the same direction; the rightmost lane in the direction of travel of the vehicle path may be determined by the administration as a shared bicycle path.

(2) The project is not prepared for shared bike lanes. However, in order to be implemented, the decision of the transportation and coordination center in the metropolitan municipalities, the decision on the construction of a shared bicycle path by the provincial traffic commission in other places, and the approval of the provincial police directorate are obligatory.

(3) Each 50 meter is tinted and marked on the shared bike path floor, with a warning plate at 100 meter intervals at street starts and on the sidewalk along the route.

(4) Even if it is within the boundaries of municipalities and contiguous areas, shared cycling routes cannot be constructed regardless of the speed limit on provincial and state roads within the area of ​​responsibility of General Directorate of Highways.

Bicycle lanes

ARTICLE 6 - (1) Bicycle lanes; within the boundaries of the municipality and adjacent areas, adjacent to motorways with a maximum speed limit of maximum 50 km / h for the car, at the road level and without physical separation, unidirectional to the right of the motorway and in the direction of travel. Bicycle lanes can also be separated on pedestrianized streets deemed appropriate by the relevant administration.

(2) Bicycle lanes Appendix-1 Figure-1 is designed and made in accordance with. The bike lane project includes the 1 / 200 scale plan.

(3) Even if it is within the boundaries of municipalities and contiguous areas, bicycle lanes may not be constructed on the provincial and state roads within the area of ​​responsibility of the General Directorate of Highways, regardless of the speed limit.

Separated bicycle paths

ARTICLE 7 - (1) Separated bicycle lanes; within the boundaries of the municipality and adjacent areas, green band, refuge, delinator, step difference and similar physical distances from the vehicle road are applied one or two ways. The 1 / 200 scale plan is included in the separated bicycle lanes project. Separated bicycle path floor; below the pedestrian level provided that it is at the roadway or pavement level, or at least 10 cm higher than the vehicle road and at least 5 cm below the pedestrian sidewalk.

(2) In the event of a bicycle path projected adjacent to the vehicle roads with a maximum speed limit of 50 km / h for the car;

a) If the bike path is at the same level by the vehicle, the safety distance is at least 75 cm from the lane line on the far right of the vehicle path and 1 cm width is painted with 20 cm width lines at 45 meter intervals. 1 cm height delinators are placed. As an alternative to this embodiment, the bicycle path is separated from each other by vehicle by means of a median of at least 110 cm width and 60 cm height. (Appendix-10 Figure-1a and Figure-2b)

b) Bicycle path; at least 60 cm is maintained between the vehicle and the pedestrian level at the level of the bicycle path between the vehicle and the bicycle path. (Appendix-1 Figure-3a and Figure-3b)

c) For road sections that can be parked along the road, the distances given by this paragraph shall be at least 100 cm.

(3) In the event of a bicycle path projected adjacent to the vehicle roads with a maximum speed limit of 70 km / h for the car;

a) If the bike path is at the same level as the vehicle, the line is painted with 120 ° angled lines with 1 cm width at 20 meter intervals, leaving at least the safety distance 45 cm from the lane line at the far right of the vehicle path. With 1 placed delinators in cm height. As an alternative to this embodiment, the vehicle or bicycle path is separated from each other by means of a green tape of at least 110 cm width and 100 cm height along the path or of the same width. (Appendix-10 Figure-1a and Figure-4b)

b) Bicycle path; at least 100 cm distance between the pedestrian level and the pedestrian level at the level of the bicycle path between the vehicle and the bicycle path. (Appendix-1 Figure-5)

(4) In the case of a bicycle path projected adjacent to the motorways with a maximum speed limit for the car above 70 km / h;

a) If the bike path is at the same level by the vehicle, the safety distance is at least 175 cm from the lane line on the far right of the vehicle path and 1 cm width is painted with 20 cm width lines at 45 meter intervals. 1 cm height delinators are placed. As an alternative to this embodiment, the vehicle or bicycle path is separated from each other by means of a median or a green tape of the same width at least 110 cm width and 150 cm height. (Appendix-10 Figure-1a and Figure-6b)

b) Bicycle path; at least 150 cm is maintained between the vehicle and the pedestrian level at the level of the bicycle path between the vehicle and the bicycle path. (Appendix-1 Figure-7)

(5) It is mandatory to obtain appropriate opinions in cases where it is envisaged that the separated bicycle lanes shall be applied adjacent to provincial and state roads within the area of ​​responsibility of the General Directorate of Highways.

(6) For motorway bridges with a maximum speed limit of more than 50 km / h for the car, only the separated bicycle path can be designed. In this case, a distance of at least 1 meters with reflective floor buttons is left from the roadway lane line. After this distance, continuous and durable concrete blocks with a height of at least 50 cm are installed and the bicycle path is projected without leaving the safety distances mentioned in this article. (Appendix-1 Figure-8)

Bicycle trails

ARTICLE 8 - (1) Bicycle trails; It is applied in areas that are free from vehicle traffic and protected under special laws, provided that they are not in contradiction with the legislation on green areas such as national garden, park and recreation area.

(2) In bike tracks, the track lane widths shall be applied as minimum 90 cm in one direction provided that necessary safety measures are taken by the relevant administration. The 1 / 200 scale plan is included in the bike track project.

(3) If the bicycle course is not adjacent to the pedestrian path, the bicycle lane edge line is not required to be painted. However, it is mandatory to show bike and direction signs on the course ground. (Appendix-1 Figure-9)

(4) In unidirectional secondary bike tracks that are outside the main lines of bicycle tracks and do not exceed 50 meters in length, the lane width can be reduced to 70 cm.

(5) Bike trails are planned to be connected to the bike lanes, if any. Signaling, marking or information is provided by at least one of the signs for the passage from the bicycle path to the bicycle path.

(6) In green areas such as a public garden, a park and a recreation area, a sufficient number of bicycle parking stations are allocated in relation to the bicycle trail. These stations include the necessary repair equipment for bicycles.

(7) It is essential to use water permeable ground material on bicycle tracks.

(8) Bike driving techniques training can be given in the course.

Bicycle paths

ARTICLE 9 - (1) Bicycle paths shall be applied in rural areas outside the settlement without any zoning plan.

(2) In areas protected by special laws, bicycle paths may be made if they comply with the provisions of the legislation and the obligations are fulfilled.

(3) No project is prepared for bicycle paths. However, the track line is processed on the 1 / 1000 scale cadastre map, if available, or on the existing map of the same scale by the relevant administration. The width of the bicycle path cannot be less than 70 cm.

(4) Bicycle paths can be installed as a compact soil or stabilized road so as not to interfere with driving safety.

(5) At the start and end points of the bicycle paths, a sign indicating the path length information and the appropriate scale sketch is placed by the relevant administration. In addition, the bike path includes the sign indicating the position on the lane track at most 1 kilometers and a bike path sign at the most 500 meters.

Rural bicycle bands

ARTICLE 10 - (1) Rural bicycle bands; between the settlements where there is no zoning plan.

(2) In rural areas protected by special laws, rural bicycle bands may be made if they comply with the provisions of the legislation and the obligations are fulfilled.

(3) Rural bicycle bands are designed and constructed in accordance with Annex-1 Figure-10 with at least one lane in each direction.

(4) The rural bicycle project includes the 1 / 1000 scale plan. It is not obligatory to make a bicycle lane edge line on the outer edges. Between the strips, 3 meter interval and 1 meter length and 10 cm width are white discontinuous painting. The use of asphalt material on the ground is essential and different materials such as concrete, cobblestone and similar materials can be used provided that it provides a safe and similar driving surface.

(5) Rural bicycle bands may not be closer to the road than 150 cm. In cases where it is foreseen that rural bicycle band is to be applied adjacent to provincial and state roads within the responsibility area of ​​General Directorate of Highways by leaving 150 cm distance, it is compulsory to obtain appropriate opinion. (Appendix-1 Figure-10)

(6) In rural bicycle bands, the signs and markings specified in this Regulation are used.

(7) Signaling is mandatory where rural bicycle bands intersect with other roads. On the ground of these roads, warning signs are located at 30 meters distance to signaling.

(8) The start and end of rural bicycle bands are shown on the ground. Near the beginning of the rural bicycle belt, a plate showing the belt length and the appropriate scale is placed. If the rural bicycle lane is longer than 5 kilometers, information plates are to be used to show the distance and position on the lane line once every 1 kilometer.

Bicycle highways

ARTICLE 11 - (1) Bicycle highways; transportation, sports and cultural tourism, such as the potential for intensive use of the bike is planned in accordance with the route determined by the Ministry. Bicycle highways; pedestrian crossings, roadways, intersections and level crossings must be continuous without interruption.

2 / 1 scale plan is included in the bicycle highway project. Bicycle motorways are designed with at least two lanes in each direction. The border of the 200 cm continuous bike lane is marked on the sides of the bicycle highway. A barrier is installed along the road at least 20 cm high to prevent access to the road, leaving a distance of 50 cm wide after the bicycle lane edge line on both sides. Between the same direction strips, 120 meters are spaced with 3 meter length and 1 cm width with white dashed lines. Between the different directions, 10 cm spacing is left with a continuous double white line. (Appendix-5 Figure-10)

(3) On bicycle highways, the starting and ending points of the road are indicated on the ground and information signs are placed. It is essential that bicycle highways should not be used other than bicycles; ambulance, fire, safety and gendarmerie vehicles and road maintenance vehicles may use the bicycle highway when necessary. Vehicles and pedestrian traffic other than these are not allowed.

(4) Digital information and warning systems that show information such as road and weather, distance to surrounding settlements can be provided on bike highways with a net height of at least 3 meters above the road level and intervals not exceeding 5 kilometers.

(5) Bicycle highways cannot be directly connected with other roads, junction crossings are provided by bridges or underpasses by the zoning plan decision. Otherwise, the bicycle highway route is terminated.

(6) Asphalt ground material is used in bicycle highways.

Bicycle bridges and tunnels

ARTICLE 12 - (1) Bicycle bridges or bridge junctions and bicycle tunnels; In order to overcome a natural or artificial obstacle or to provide interconnection and continuity between bicycle paths, including intersections, the development plan may be designed for the use of bicyclists and pedestrians together or only for cyclists. 1 / 100 scale plan is included in bicycle bridges and tunnels projects.

(2) At bicycle bridges and bicycle tunnels, a minimum distance of 50 shall be left for each side of the road, except for the width of the bicycle path. This distance is not required for bicycle paths adjacent to the existing pedestrian path in bicycle bridges and bicycle tunnels.

(3) The minimum guardrail height on bicycle bridges and ramps must be 120 cm and the gaps on guardrails must be maximum 15 cm wide. (Appendix-1 Figure-12 and Figure-13)

(4) One-way bicycle bridges and tunnels to be used only by cyclists are at least 250 cm wide, two-way bicycle bridges and tunnels are applied at a minimum 4 meter width, and 150 cm width is added as the number of lanes increases. (Appendix-1 Figure-12 and Figure-13)

(5) It is essential that bridge approach ramps be applied with a maximum inclination of 5. In cases where steeper slopes are required, application is made according to the longitudinal slope / distance table in Annex-3 Table-2.

(6) Bicycle bridges and tunnels must be constructed in accordance with the rules of science and art and the statutory legislation.

Traffic safety and speed

ARTICLE 13 - (1) Longitudinal slopes to be applied on bicycle paths The design is made by taking into consideration the values ​​in Annex-3 Table-2. It is essential that the longitudinal slope does not exceed 5%. For reasons such as terrain slope and topography, this slope may be as specified in Annex-3 Table-2. Where the longitudinal slope exceeds 5%, the plate shall be notified.

(2) For rural bicycle bands and bicycle highways, projecting and application is made according to posture visibility. Minimum standing visibility (S);

S = V2 / [254x (f ± g)] + (V / 1,4)

V = Maximum predicted bicycle speed (km / h)

f = Friction coefficient (0,25)

g = Longitudinal slope is calculated from the formula (written in meters / meters and with the coefficient of friction on slope descents and addition and subtraction on slopes).

(3) The transverse slope of the bicycle paths to be constructed at the vehicle level must correspond to the rainwater drainage direction and the slope of the vehicle path shown in the TS 7249. The transverse incline of the bicycle path to be made at the upper elevation from the vehicle road is applied as% 9826 towards the side of the vehicle road as specified in TS 2. (Appendix-1 Figure-14)

(4) A maximum of 5 transverse slope is permitted on rural bicycle bands and bicycle highways in the direction required by the route. For rural bicycle bands and bicycle highways, the minimum horizontal radius (R) is;

R = V2 / [xnumxx (d / 127 + f)]

V = Maximum predicted bicycle speed (km / h)

d = Dever amount (percentage fraction of transverse slope)

f = Friction coefficient (0,25)

calculated from the formula.

(5) Different speed limits may be determined by the relevant administration, depending on the nature and location of the bicycle path, except for bicycle highways.

(6) In accordance with the provisions of this Regulation, the same or different types of bicycle paths to be constructed at vehicle level and other levels are connected to each other by suitable ramps.

(7) Obstacle obstacles are placed in places where the relevant authority decides to endanger pedestrian safety on bicycle paths. For the purpose of water evacuation and the like, gratings which do not enter the bicycle wheel into the cavity sections are used.

(8) The provisions of the Road Traffic Act no. 2918 and the relevant legislation shall apply to the issues related to the use of bicycles and penalties.

Bicycle path markings

ARTICLE 14 - (1) A bicycle line at the level of the roadway is a continuous white line in accordance with TS 10839 from the section where the vehicles pass; intersections, garage and garden entrance-exit is separated by a dashed line. The cycling path part between the dashed lines in the passage is painted with blue color that will not be worn. (Appendix-1 Figure-15)

(2) Warning signs are placed at the intersection entrances of bicycle paths.

(3) A “compulsory bicycle path” sign and Bisiklet motor vehicle cannot enter ”and“ stopping and parking is prohibited ”signs are placed on the sidewalk so that other vehicles cannot enter or park on the bicycle path. (Appendix-3 Table-3)

(4) In the regulations regarding traffic lights, the facilities and preferences provided to cyclists, dead ends, one-way streets, pedestrian zones and similar special situations are indicated by special traffic signs.

(5) Cyclists' traffic light systems, warning and direction signs are located on the floor and / or edge of the bike lanes at a clear height between the bottom of the bike lane and the lower edge of the lane not less than 220 cm. The signs to be present on the bicycle paths are placed in a number of necessary places so as not to endanger the cyclist.

(6) If necessary infrastructure is provided for cyclists to provide uninterrupted cycling at a certain speed, green wave system is formed by making signaling arrangements.

(7) The start and end of the cycle path, right and left turns, danger and forbidden directions are indicated by the plates shown in Annex-3 Table-3 and by the ground markings shown in Annex-3 Table-4. These signs and signs are repeated after the intersection with other roads and streets.

(8) The nearest settlements, hospitals, touristic places, historical points that can be reached by bicycle, public transport transfer points, the nearest bicycle parking places, and the intersection entrances and exits, indicating signs are placed in appropriate places.

(9) Pedestrian-warning signs for bicycle paths are placed where necessary on the sidewalk.

(10) Signs and signs shall be placed at the street entrances indicating that the cycling speed may not exceed the maximum 10 km / h if pedestrianized streets are installed by the relevant administration. (Appendix-3 Table-3)

(11) A straight white line must be made between the lanes to indicate that the lane will not be changed on the curved sections of two or more lane bike lanes in the same direction.

(12) In cases where the pedestrian only needs to cross the bicycle path to reach the pedestrian crossing, the pedestrian crossing sign is made on the floor of the bicycle path indicating that the priority is pedestrian.

(13) The shared cycling paths are used in Appendix-1 Figure-16.

(14) The markings to be made in accordance with this article shall be of the dimensions specified in the applicable standards published by the Turkish Standards Institute.

Bike path crossings

ARTICLE 15 - (1) The crossings of bicycle paths overlapping the bus stops are performed as shown in Appendix-1 Figure-17, Figure-18, Figure-19. At the stop, warning signs are made on the floor of the bicycle path, 15 meters from the area reserved for the bus.

(2) The intersection crossings of bicycle paths are planned in accordance with TS 10839 as shown in the following figures;

a) Uncontrolled junction crossings of bicycle lanes Annex-1 Figure-20,

b) Light-controlled intersection crossings of bicycle lanes Annex-1 Figure-21,

c) Bike path crossings from Drop Island at intersections to Annex-1 Figure-22,

d) Bike path crossings on light-controlled and uncontrolled roads Annex-1 Figure-23 and Annex-1 Figure-24,

d) Crossing of the bike paths from the secondary road Annex-1 Figure-25,

e) On straight roads outside the intersection, cross-road crossings may be light-controlled or uncontrolled, according to Annex-1 Figure-26 and Annex-1 Figure-27,

f) The intersection crossings of the bike paths at the level of the motorway are made in accordance with the Annex-1 Figure-28.

(3) If the cycling route coincides with the access roads that provide access to fuel stations, warning signs are made on the floor of the cycling route at 15 meters distance from the beginning of the transition road.

(4) The intersection crossings of bicycle paths can also be provided by bridges or underpasses.

(5) The signaling system is installed separately for pedestrians, bicycles and motor vehicles by means of the coherence of separate traffic lights for motor vehicles and cyclists in passages. At one or more lanes on the vehicle road to ensure the safety of cyclists during the red light and to avoid the motor vehicle queue in a way that can be seen by other road users at signaled intersections, between the stop line of the motor vehicles and the pedestrian crossing lines Appendix-3 Figure-1 Figure-29 Figure-XNUMX Waiting areas with bicycles can be made as in. It is at the discretion of the administration to make a footrest for cyclists at signaled intersections.

(6) Arrow indications on the ground that indicate a right or left turn in progress must be within 5 meters of the road intersection.

(7) A warning sign is placed on the road floor in cases where it is necessary to use the bike path by motor vehicles such as the site vehicle door, parking lot or garage entrance. (Appendix-1 Figure-15)

(8) The railroad system line intersects the cycling path at right angles and a warning sign is placed on the undersigned crossings before the 50 meter and a warning sign is placed on the floor of the cycling path. (Appendix-1 Figure-30 and Figure-31)

Lighting

ARTICLE 16 - (1) The use of renewable energy systems is essential for bicycle path lighting.

(2) In the event that solar panels are built on the bicycle path with the decision of application zoning plan except the bicycle routes of the type specified in the articles 5 th and 6 of this Regulation, the bottom surface of the panels shall be at least 3 meters height from the road floor and the carriers shall be wind, snow and similar. The static calculation result must be determined by considering loads.

(3) Bike paths are illuminated by projecting at least in accordance with the values ​​in Annex-3 Table-5 for night safety and driving comfort and not to reflect light on the face of the cyclist.

CHAPTER FOUR

Bicycle Parking Stations

Rules for the construction of bicycle parking stations

ARTICLE 17 - (1) Stations where bicycle riders can safely leave their bicycles, which are illuminated, weather-resistant, free from motor vehicle traffic and where bicycles can be parked, are constructed at a rate that meets the need and the conditions specified in TS 11782 are provided in bicycle parking stations.

(2) Bike rental or sharing can be provided at these stations, provided that the relevant administration provides sufficient number of bicycle parking stations.

(3) Bicycle parking stations are arranged in such a way as to prevent vehicle and pedestrian traffic, close to bicycle paths, accessible, safe and secure against theft.

(4) Bicycle parking stations are identified by informative signs and signs that are visible from a distance.

(5) Bicycle parking stations; electric car charging stations and public transportation stations, rail system, maritime transportation and intercity transportation terminals are easily located to ensure the integrity of these public transportation networks are located in the most accessible points.

(6) Bicycle parking stations can be arranged covered according to the construction conditions in the development plan.

(7) Bicycle parking stations include a bicycle lock mechanism that allows the bicycles to be securely locked and secured in a certain order and is constructed in such a way that bicycles can be easily inserted and removed from the parking spaces.

(8) Equipment in bicycle parking stations must be impact and weather resistant.

(9) Bicycle parking stations are installed in accordance with the following rules, depending on the ground condition, either perpendicular to the road or in a single row, two rows, circular or semicircular form:

a) At the bicycle parking station which is formed perpendicular to the road in a single row, the distance between the two bicycles must be at least 70 cm and the longitudinal parking width of the bicycle should be at least 200 cm. (Appendix-2 Figure-1)

b) At the bicycle parking station, which is formed as a single row angled to the road, the bicycles shall be placed at the 45˚ angle on the road, the width of the parking band shall be 135 cm and the horizontal between the two bicycles shall be 85 cm. (Appendix-2 Figure-2)

c) At the bicycle parking station, which is formed as a complete or semicircular, the bicycles are arranged around a tree or pole. (Appendix-2 Figure-3)

ç) Two rows of bicycle parking space, 175 cm clearance is left between two rows for pedestrian crossings and maneuvering area. (Appendix-2 Figure-4)

d) At the bicycle parking station set at two angles to the road, the width of the maneuver and walking area shall be at least 140 cm. (Appendix-2 Figure-5)

e) At the bicycle parking station, which is formed with suspension, the bicycles must be leaning against the wall half perpendicular. (Appendix-2 Figure-6)

(10) It is at the discretion of the administration to establish a charging point for electric bicycles in bicycle parking stations.

(11) In addition to the bicycle parking stations allocated in the zoning plan, easily accessible bicycle parking stations may be established within the structure or parcel with the permission of the relevant institution or building owners in public places or private property deemed appropriate by the relevant administration.

(12) Bicycle repair, maintenance and repair equipment must be provided at bicycle parking stations with bicycle rental services or with a capacity of more than one hundred bicycles.

SECTION FIVE

Integration with Transportation Systems

Integration of cyclists in transportation system

ARTICLE 18 - (1) In order to make the use of bicycles for transportation purposes, the authorized institutions shall ensure that the planned bicycle routes are connected to the public transportation networks (rail transportation system vehicles, buses, ferries and the like).

(2) In public transportation, buses with bicycle transport apparatus are used in the routes and numbers to be determined by the relevant administrations, necessary trainings are given to the bus drivers and information is provided. Buses with bicycle transport apparatus are primarily used on roads where there is high slope and traffic is heavy.

(3) A ramp or mechanical platform shall be constructed by the relevant administration for bicycle access to rail transportation system vehicles.

(4) Cycling is permitted by the relevant administration within the daily number limit during the hours when the passenger density is high, and in other hours by bicycle to the city rail transportation systems and sea vehicles such as ferries and ferries without any number limitation. The compartment with bicycle fixing apparatus can be separated in rail transportation system vehicles. It is mandatory to separate the bicycle compartment in the new rail vehicles. Visual or written guidance signs are placed on the rail transport system vehicles where bicycle compartments are located and on the boarding places. In the immediate vicinity, there are outdoor, indoor or multi-storey bicycle parking stations.

(5) In public transport, bicycle transport apparatus with national or international certificate, taking into account the number and weight of bicycles, are used under the responsibility of the relevant administration.

CHAPTER SIX

Miscellaneous and Final Provisions

Repealed regulation

ARTICLE 19 - (1) The Regulation on the Design and Construction of Bicycle Routes, Bicycle Stations and Bicycle Parking on Urban Roads, published in the Official Gazette dated 3 / 11 / 2015, has been repealed.

Force

ARTICLE 20 - (1) This Regulation shall enter into force on the date of its publication.

Executive

ARTICLE 21 - (1) The provisions of this Regulation shall be executed by the Minister of Environment and Urbanization.

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