TMMOB Chamber of Mechanical Engineers (MMO) evaluates transportation policies in the edi Planning Requirement in Transportation and Traffic Policies iki Room Report which is updated every two years. The handling of the subject in our country, freight and passenger transportation according to years and types of transportation, comparison of the sectoral structure with the EU and other countries, impact on environmental pollution, waste of land in infrastructure investments and costs, handling of the issue in official documents, road traffic safety and traffic accidents are examined in the report.
excessive importance given to road transport in Turkey since a long time, has led to the neglect of other transport modes. As a result, inefficient road use, high investment costs, loss of energy and land, noise, environmental destruction, air pollution, inefficient vehicle park, increasing traffic accidents every year and with the dependence on foreigners caused the formation of chaos in transportation today.
1950'da 49,9 passenger transport in our country, 42,2'in highway, the 55,1'i by rail; 17,1 90 and 1 of the freight transport was made by road. But the railways in accordance with the transport policy imposed on Turkey in the framework of the Marshall Plan was adopted, leaving the highway transportation policy centered discarded. For this reason, approximately 4 of passenger and freight transportation is carried out by road. Railway passenger transport decreased to XNUMX and freight transport to XNUMX. As almost all of the transportation is done by road, road safety problem comes to the fore.
Road, maritime, railway, airway combined transport has to be integrated into a single transport chain and with sufficient physical capacity for loading, unloading and transfer terminals, infrastructure and electronic network and operations are not available. At this point, transportation is planned in line with social needs; The priority requirement of our country is the development of a collective and integrated transport system in which roads, railways, maritime, airways, waterways and pipelines are technically and economically compatible and resources are rationally used. The following suggestions are determined in this framework and in accordance with the scientific and technical application requirements.
It should be the duty of the state to direct the transportation capacity with the policies for the benefit of the society and make the necessary investments. Privatization for transportation infrastructure and enterprises should be stopped, Public Private Cooperation (PPP) auctions and the Code of Obligation of Obligation and Treasury and vehicle transfer guarantees undertaken should be canceled.
In compliance with the relevant EU legislation, Traffic Law No. 2918 and all project related to transportation and decision-making processes, the opinions of professional chambers, professional organizations and universities should be taken.
Transportation policies should be the primary priority for people who use resources efficiently in investment and management, and to protect the environmental, urban and historical structures.
The ata transportation master plan metin should have long and short-term goals and strategies, and the plans should be implemented.
Road transport, airway, maritime, railway and intercity transportation and urban transportation policies should be planned to be integrated with each other throughout the country and combined-public transportation should be expanded.
Traffic safety should be ensured by reducing the share of highways in transportation and by giving weight to other types of transport which have the least risk of accidents. According to the railroad, two-storey road investments that consume almost three times more energy than the waterway should be stopped or reviewed. Considering the investment costs, energy consumption, environmental impacts and emission values, priority should be given to rail and seaway and the capacity and efficiency of existing systems should be improved and the use of oil should be reduced with full use.
In rail investments, freight transport should not be covered by high-speed train used only in passenger transportation. Railway conventional line lengths should be increased, line renewal and electrification should be accelerated and budget should be allocated for maintenance and repair of lines affecting transportation safety.
A central electronic database and network to cover the entire transport sector should be established, its infrastructure and processing must comply with international standards.
Legislative arrangements should be made to reduce the environmental and air pollution caused by the vehicles and to produce the vehicles in accordance with the European Emission Norm, and the use of alternative fuel types containing low gas ratios in eco-friendly and exhaust emissions should be encouraged. Emission controls should be ensured by the MMO.
Measures should be taken to reduce the rate of heavy vehicles leading to deformation, economic damage, traffic accidents and life safety in road pavement, vehicles with high fuel consumption and old vehicles should be withdrawn from use, and this work should be started from a large number of public vehicles in the public sector. As a public vehicle, the 1400 cc engine volume should be prohibited from buying and renting large vehicles and vehicles in the existing park should be replaced.
The Directorate of Traffic Services within the General Directorate of Security should be transformed into the General Directorate of Traffic and should be strengthened in terms of vehicles, equipment and personnel and be included in the scope of the Ministry for the management of transportation systems.
TMMOB and related professional chambers should be represented in Traffic Safety Board and Provincial Traffic Commissions.
In the event of a fatal and injured traffic accident, the accident reports must be carried out jointly by mechanical engineers and physicians certified by the MMO on construction / mechanical engineers trained in road / traffic.
In case of being experts, they must be trained and certified by the relevant professional chamber.
Judicial decisions about the people who are intentionally and incorrectly applied in the public should be applied.
In the driving courses, the audit should be tightened and the relevant regulation should be prepared by taking the opinion of our Chamber and the training and application times should be extended. In these courses, the audit and employment of our Chamber members should be expanded.
Vehicle technical examination must be carried out by the public in accordance with European norms.
Technical service responsibilities must be made obligatory in the maintenance and repair service enterprises and vehicle inspection, the employment of mechanical engineers who are trained and certified by the Chamber must be provided.
The existing Vehicle Manufacturing, Amendment, Installation Regulations and standards should be revised according to international norms, and the inspection should be done by MMO to determine whether vehicles and spare parts are in compliance with these norms.
Vehicle Manufacturing, Modification and Installation services must be done by the mechanical engineers certified by MMO, the projects should be inspected by the Chamber, the technical examination, approval and qualification documents should be given by MMO. Implementation regulations and standards must be adapted to international standards, type approval must be given by MMO.
Traffic flow to the city centers should be deterred, urban development practices and transportation policies should be matched, and construction should be prevented in the roads and city passages.
Public, urban organizations, professional chambers and universities should be consulted and public privatization should be abandoned.
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