We mentioned one of our previous writings on the London Underground, the world's oldest underground transport system. We also mentioned that this system opened up new horizons in many countries and cities around the world. It is time to meet the second underground transport system after the London underground system.
French engineer Eugene Henri Gavand, who lives in Istanbul, was looking for an alternative way to Galata Dede Street and Yüksekkaldırım Yokuşu between Karaköy, the commercial center of Istanbul and Pera, the heart of life. Both the altitude structure of the region and the seasonal changes made it very difficult for people to reach the two districts Gerek
In his mind, Gavand had a railway project for the type of elevator. This system will operate between Karaköy and Pera, thanks to the operation of two train wagons that will move under the ground and shorten the transportation between the two places and at the same time save the hassle of climbing a steep hill. With this project in his mind towards the end of 19.yy Gavand, who came to the time of the sultan Abdulaziz, 10 June 1869 the privilege necessary for the project taking the Sultan, one of the symbols of Istanbul, 42 with an annual operating rights' build-operate-transfer 'begins to build according to model.
The construction of the Tunnel, which was started in the middle of 1871, was registered to the company called 'Constantinopole from Galata to Pera'. After the 3,5 construction lasted for about a year, the first test transport was successfully carried out at Tünel, where 10 started with a ceremony attended by the head of state in January 1875.
Moving heavy wagons in the tunnel were not, of course, provided by powerful electric motors. The two engines in the 150 HP power were driven by steam and the wagons were moved. Although there were great technological developments in Istanbul, electricity was still a great façade and the first lighting system of the new transportation vehicle was provided with gas lamps. At that time, wagons weren't as luxurious, comfortable and metallic as now. The sides of the two wagons were open, just like today's carriages or carriages.
At the beginning of 1900 years, electricity became widespread and started to be used in tram. Metropolitan Railways passed to Ottoman nationality and took the name of v Galata in Dersaadet Municipality and Tahtel'arz Railway in Beyoğlu Bey X. Then nationalized by the newly established Republic of Turkey Tunnel, it was transferred to IETT business center of 1939 years.
During the Second World War, due to the fact that some items needed for maintenance could not be purchased, Tünel could not carry passengers for three months. 1968 1971 20 100 170 XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX XNUMX
The tunnel carries the 200 person in an average 11.000 every day and continues to meet its passengers quietly as one of the most important historical vehicles of Istanbul with its history approaching 140 year T
Source : http://www.cbbaskent.com
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